Zurow village church

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Zurow village church, 2007
Repair of the church roof, 2008
View of the organ with gallery, 2014

The Protestant village church in Zurow is a Gothic church in the east of the district of Northwest Mecklenburg in the Propstei Wismar in the church district of Mecklenburg of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany .

history

The church village Zurow (Zurowe) was first mentioned in a document on June 15, 1303 in a contract between Prince Heinrich von Mecklenburg and Willekinus Hanenzagel (Hanenstert). Even then the Stralendorffs , one of whom belonged to the sons-in-law of the wealthy citizen Hanenzagel from Wismar and Lübeck, may have been wealthy in Zurow; verifiably since 1336. In 1390 there was the foundation of a vicariate from Stralendorff in the church in Zurow. Zurow remained in the possession of the von Stralendorff families until the 17th century. The stately church of Zurow with its tower was already a meeting place for state assemblies of the state assemblies in the Middle Ages, especially around 1488; from 1412 it was also the center of a respected Calendar Brotherhood , which was only dissolved in 1553. The church secretly became a destination for pilgrimages to an image of Mary of supra-local importance, venerated as a miracle worker. It was a rich source of additional income for the church patron von Stralendorff. As late as 1541, the von Stralendorff zu Trams patrons of the church. After the church visit of 1541/42, the former papist preacher Joachim Wintershagen was forbidden to "open up the chapel with the image of Mary and teach blasphemy in it"

It was not until 1637 that Berthold von Bülow , who was related to the von Stralendorff family, acquired the Zurow estate for 7,100 guilders. From the middle of the 18th century, there were constant changes of ownership, such as those of Raven , von Krügsheim and those of Sittmann, to name just a few.

Building history

In the church book of Pastor Johann Bauer it is noted: “In 1639 the beautiful top of the church tower was overturned by God's weather, and so this weather did great damage to the church. And while he was unable to build in these dangerous and arduous wars, a start was made in autumn 1649 to build again and a roof was put back on the tower. The soldiers also stole the clock mechanism and two bells from the church and burned all the chairs. God also give grace. "

The rectory from 1766 was completed in 1843. The church was extensively restored in 1862 and the vault paintings in the choir were also exposed.

Exterior

The village church in Zurow is an elaborate, single-nave Gothic brick building from the end of the 14th century, which is clearly influenced by the parish churches in Wismar . It consists of a three-bay nave with a five-eighth choir ending . The roof structure above the nave is designed as a collar beam roof with a double collar beam layer and bracing, flattened cross struts.

The square west tower from the 15th century originally had a pointed helmet, which collapsed in a fire in 1639. After that, the tower was by a longitudinally oriented gable roof finished with two of the former jewelry gable were lost. A special feature was the heavy covering made of beaver tail tiles from the 17th century . The conically tapering, in the lower part up to 4 cm thick and 40 cm long bricks with large noses on the underside could not be used again during the necessary repairs in 2006. Molded stones and glazed terracottas were also used on the tower . The richly decorated upper floor is attributed to the Wismar master builder Hermann Münster. In the bell storey there are coupled pointed arch windows. The top of the tower is formed by a longitudinal gable roof between gables decorated with tracery.

The nave, supported on the outside by twelve buttresses, is uniformly structured with a cranked base profile and a coffin cornice. The vaults with the insertion of the keystones are dated to 1382 and the construction of the choir dendrochronologically to 1381. The sacristy annex on the north side has a small gable with panels. The church is accessed through a south portal richly structured with pear rods; a similar west portal is hidden in the tower. The sacristy, which was in danger of collapsing, was renovated in 2004.

The creative proximity to the churches in Wismar is particularly evident in the exterior architectural decoration. The tower gable pieces show four-pass friezes and rosettes made of black glazed ornamental bricks in several layers , architectural ornamentation, which was used in particular on the Wismar Georgenkirche and Nikolaikirche on a large scale.

Interior

View of the choir, 2014

The interior of the church is completed by three ribbed vaults with keystones decorated with foliage. A coffin cornice runs along under the window sills. The keystones are decorated with foliage.

Vault paintings

Vault painting in the choir, 2014

Paintings from the first half of the 15th century have been preserved on the choir vault, which were extensively renewed during a restoration in 1862 by the painter Carl Cunow from Wismar. In the middle, Christ is shown as Salvator mundi with raised hands, the lily of grace and the sword of judgment in his mouth, enthroned within a mandorla on a rainbow and surrounded by the symbols of the four evangelists. In the adjoining northern cap there is a female saint with a halo, the Mother of God; next to her in the other half of the cap a kneeling knight with the Stralendorff shield and the slogan: leue moder gades bidet. Shield and writing were applied upside down. On the inside of the southern cap there is a holy bishop with a halo, miter and staff. On the other half of the cap is a kneeling female figure with the Bülow coat of arms and the banner: here bidet in front of mj. Friedrich Crull suspected that the paintings were carried out immediately after the construction of the choir was completed and that the representations are the The author of the building acts. The paintings could have been done between 1350 and 1370.

altar

Altar, 2014

The carved altar from the 2nd half of the 15th century shows a coronation of Mary between Anna Selbdritt and the evangelist Johannes in the shrine . In the wings, six male saints, the twelve apostles, are depicted in two rows one above the other. The predella is formed by a painting from a renovation in 1681 showing the Man of Sorrows between angels and coats of arms. On the back of the box wing there are badly damaged depictions from the Passion story: on the left wing above Christ's flagellation, below the crucifixion; on the right wing above the division of the coat by soldiers, below Pilate washing his hands.

pulpit

The pulpit with sound cover from the 1st half of the 17th century shows damaged paintings with New Testament scenes in the parapet areas. In 1974 a baptismal angel was found and hung in the entrance area of ​​the church.

Bell jar

The bell from 1462 is decorated with incised drawings: the Mother of God with the child in her arms, in front of her a fox with a goose in its mouth. On the other side is a holy bishop and a hammer and tongs with a snake coiled around it. It is inscribed with a minuscule inscription , including the names of the three holy kings. It comes from the foundry Clawes Duncker, is tuned to the tone f sharp 1 +3 and twice provided with a bell founder mark.

A larger bell was cast in Wismar by the bell founder Peter Martin Hausbrand in 1864. In addition to the name of Pastor A. Köpke at the time, it also bears the names of “A. Lange zv Zvrow, Chr. Köster zv Ravensrvh and S. Fratscher zv Kalenberg ”. It is no longer there.

Former equipment

According to the inventory from 1811, the choir contained some goblets from 1617, wafers and a baptismal bowl from 1716. From old chasubles there are still three fabrics made of green silk velvet with various pomegranate motifs in a rectangular format, and fringed borders are attached to one edge. This ceiling is now in the Schwerin State Museum . They had been relocated to the Grasleben salt mine since 1944 and returned to Schwerin in 1961 from the central art warehouse in Celle . During the restoration of the interior of the church in 1862, an "excellent iron door knocker in a forged weave pattern that had been attached to a church door was removed and moved to the Antiquarium in Schwerin."

organ

Organ, 2014

The baroque organ front from the 1st half of the 18th century is decorated with acanthus carvings. It probably comes from the Nikolaikirche in Wismar, where a Rückpositiv was added in 1737 by the Lübeck organ builder Christoph Erdmann Vogel , which was removed again in 1859 when the organ was rebuilt by Friedrich Wilhelm Winzer . He stored it and then rebuilt it for the organ in Zurow, which was finished at the end of 1861. During the First World War , the prospect pipes had to be delivered for armament purposes in 1917. From 2010 to 2011 the organ was restored by the Wegscheider organ workshop . The single-manual instrument with pedal has ten registers on mechanical slide drawers . The pedal is firmly coupled via its own valves . A polygonal central tower is flanked by two pointed towers. The pipe towers are connected by two-story flat fields. The disposition is:

Manual C – c 3
Bourdun 16 ′ W.
Principal 8th'
Gedact 8th' W.
Flauto traverso 8th' W.
Violoncello B 8th' W.
Cantus firmus D. W.
Octave 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octave 2 ′
Pedal C – c 1
Subbass (from HW) 16 ′
Remarks
  1. ↑ wood
  2. ↑ prospectus to c 1
  3. ↑ C – H wood
  4. ↑ C – g from Gedact 8 ′
W = winemaker (1859)

Churchyard

Friedhofslinde, 2014

Around the church is a historic churchyard that is still in use today . The Zurower Friedhofslinde is located on it. The 600 to 900 year old summer linden tree ( Tilia platyphyllos ) broke apart in a thunderstorm shortly after 1800. It is a natural monument .

Pastors

Names and years indicate the verifiable mention as pastor.

  • 1541– 0000Joachim Winterhagen, “has been a bad papist up to now, very poor, but has promised that he would marry and improve his teaching. He also doesn't want to unlock the chapel and teach blasphemy in it. "
  • 1578–1582 Thomas Low.
  • 1582–1622 Joachim Münstermann.
  • 1622–1624 Joachim Schröder from Wismar .
  • 1625–1646 Johann Brauer / Brawer from Rostock .
  • 1647–1695 Christoph Grabe / Christian Grabius from Mühlhausen .
  • 1695–1725 Carl Georg Vicke from Mirow .
  • 1727–1736 Johann Götz from Brandau in Hessen-Darmstadt.
  • 1738–1758 (1761) Johann Erich Brüsehaver from St. Nikolai Wismar .
  • 1762–1795 Johann Gotthard Hornemann from Diedrichshagen .
  • 1796–1796 Gotthard Heinrich Georg Hornemann, son of the predecessor, died of typhus after four weeks.
  • 1797–1840 Joachim Peter Friedrich from Rostock.
  • 1842–1877 Ambrosius Bernhard Ferdinand Koepke from Stäbelow .
  • 1879–1883 ​​Carl Bernhard Oskar Heussi, son of the vice-principal from Parchim .
  • 1884–1896 Gustav Julius Theodor John Gaston Lenthe, son of the Schwerin court painter Gaston Lenthe , was also pastor in Jesendorf , then pastor in Hanstorf .
  • 1896–1902 Friedrich Ludwig August Pegler from Grube near Teterow .
  • 1902–1918 Wilhelm Lange, son of the church council from Sietow , then in Sietow.
  • February 16, 1919-27. 09. 1919 Viktor Wittrock .
  • October 19, 1919-23. 06. 1937 Karl-August Romberg from Kalkhorst , previously rector and pastor in Penzlin .
  • October 1, 1938-14. 04. 1953 Otto Heinrich.
  • April 15, 1965-30. 08. 1973 Hans-Peter Schwardt.
  • 07/01/1988-30. 06. 1998 Barbara Neumann as a parish assistant.
  • 2016–2019 Miriam Knierim.

Today's parish

The districts of Fahren, Kahlenberg, Krassow, Ravensruh, Schmakentin and Sellin belong to the Evangelical Lutheran parish Zurow with the church. The parish of Zurow is connected with the parish of Hornstorf as the parish seat, its church and with the parish of Lübow and the church there.

literature

  • Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . Volume II: The district court districts of Wismar, Grevesmühlen, Rehna, Gadebusch and Schwerin. Schwerin, 1898 (reprint 1992) ( digitized in the Internet Archive ), pp. 255–264. ISBN 3-910179-06-1
  • Friedrich Crull : The church to Zurow. In: MJB 16 (1851) pp. 300-303.
  • Friedrich Crull: Vault paintings in the church in Zurow. In: MJB 29 (1864) pp. 202-207.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 2nd Edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2016, ISBN 978-3-422-03128-9 , p. 804.
  • Gerd Baier, Horst Ende, Brigitte Oltmanns: The architectural and art monuments in the Mecklenburg coastal region . Henschel Verlag, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-362-00523-3 , p. 122-123 .
  • Horst Ende : Village churches in Mecklenburg. Berlin 1975.
  • Frank Braun: Zurow, Northwest Mecklenburg District. In: Wismar writings on the preservation of monuments. Volume 1, Neumünster 2004, ISBN 3-529-02570-4 , pp. 67-68.
  • Horst Ende, Christian Molzen, Horst Stutz: Churches in Northwest Mecklenburg. Grevesmühlen 2005.
  • Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval churches between Trave and Peene. Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86732-131-0

swell

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin
    • LHAS 5.12–7 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry for Education, Art, Spiritual and Medical Matters. Zurow No. 36 parish lands and parsonage 1938 - 1949.
  • State Church Archive Schwerin
    • OKR Schwerin, Specialia Dept. 4. Zurow,
      • 001 Patronage and Parish 1842 - 1843.
      • 006 preacher 1759-1973.
      • 010 Organists and sextons 1854 - 1977. 013 Elevations of the church, parish and sexton 1887 - 1946.
      • 014 parish plots 1941 - 1955.
      • 019 Church property 1792 - 1832.
      • 021 von Raven'sche Foundation 1819 - 1914.
      • 022 lands of the parish and sexton 1774 - 1998.
      • 035 Constructions and repairs of religious buildings 1852-1969.
      • 040 Kirchhof 1872-1994.

Web links

Commons : Dorfkirche Zurow  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ MUB V. (1869) No. 2870, MUB VI. (1870) No. 4241.
  2. ^ Friedrich Crull : The sex of the Hahnenzagel. In: MJB 34 (1869), p. 153.
  3. ↑ MUB VIII. (1873) No. 5640.
  4. ^ Friedrich Crull: The caland to Zurow and the seal of the church jurats there. In: MJB 36 (1871) pp. 224-227.
  5. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Zurow. 1898, p. 255.
  6. ↑ Gustav Willgeroth: Zurow, prepos. Luebow. 1925, p. 1238.
  7. ↑ Jens Amelung: Zurow, District Northwest Mecklenburg, Church. In: KulturERBE, 4. Schwerin 2008, pp. 216–217.
  8. ↑ Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval churches between Travelodge and Peene. 2014, p. 221.
  9. ↑ Tilo Schöfbeck: Medieval churches between Travelodge and Peene. 2014, p. 364.
  10. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Zurow. 1898, pp. 261-263.
  11. ^ Friedrich Crull: Vault paintings in the church at Zurow. 1864, 2. 202-207.
  12. ↑ Marcus Stöcklin: Pride and Glory. 1st edition. L&H Verlag, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-928119-93-1 , p. 152 .
  13. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Zurow. 1898, p. 261.
  14. ↑ Claus Peter: The bells of the Wismar churches and their history. 2016, p. 221.
  15. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Zurow. 1898. p. 264.
  16. ↑ Kristina Hegner: From Mecklenburg's churches and monasteries. 2015, p. 275. Inv. KH 595, 596, 597.
  17. ^ Friedrich Crull: Vault paintings in the church at Zurow. In: MJB 29 (1864) p. 206.
  18. ↑ Zurow, Protestant village church , Malchow Organ Museum , accessed on February 13, 2017.
  19. ↑ Friedhofslinde in Zurow
  20. ↑ Gustav Willgeroth : The Mecklenburgisch-Schwerin Parish since the Thirty Years' War. Volume III., Wismar 1925.
  21. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Zurow. 1898, p. 259.
  22. ^ Ingrid Lent: Gaston Lenthe. A Schwerin court painter. 2012, pp. 34, 189.
  23. ↑ Pastor Miriam Knierim will receive a pastor's position in Hamburg-Altona from January 2019. Zurow will become a new parish with a new monastery from January 2019. Ostess-Anzeiger, January 2, 2019, p. 3.

Coordinates: 53 ° 51 ′ 48 ″  N , 11 ° 36 ′ 54 ″  E