Behnhaus

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The Behnhaus

The Behnhaus , official name Museum Behnhaus Drägerhaus, gallery of the 19th century and classical modernism , is a Lübeck museum and part of the Lübeck museums , administered by the Kulturstiftung Hansestadt Lübeck . It shows painting by the Nazarenes and predominantly German painting of the 19th century, impressionism and expressionism as well as bourgeois living culture from Rococo , Classicism and Biedermeier .

Architecture, garden design and home decor

Behnhaus

Original design for the facade of the Behnhaus, 1779/80

The building of the art museum is one of the most representative neo-classical town houses in the Königstrasse in Lübeck's old town, not far from St. Jakobi and the Koberg . It was built in 1783 as a bourgeois house and at the beginning of the 19th century, the Danish architect and interior designer Joseph Christian Lillie converted and furnished it for the later mayor Peter Hinrich Tesdorpf in the classicist style that is still preserved today. In 1823 the doctor Georg Heinrich Behn , father of the later mayor of Lübeck Heinrich Theodor Behn , bought the house; it was owned by the family until 1920. Today's museum was founded in the 1920s by the Lübeck museum director Carl Georg Heise .

The hall is open to the first floor. The private rooms of the former residents are in the garden wing. The arrangement of the former guest rooms can still be seen on the top floor.

Drägerhaus

Memorial plaque on the Dräger House

The Behnhaus was expanded in 1981 to include the equally representative Dräger-Haus on the left . The Dräger House was remodeled by Heinrich and Lisa Dräger from 1978 to 1981 with funds from the Dräger Foundation and handed over to the Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Behnhaus and Drägerhaus are connected by a passage on the ground floor and the first floor. The garden wing houses several rococo-style ballrooms that merge into one another. The Drägerhaus was the home of the mayor of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck Nikolaus Brömse (1472–1543). A plaque on the house commemorates him.

Sculpture garden

On the back, a flight of stairs from the terrace between the side wings of both houses opens up a view and path through the community gardens to the Overbeck Society pavilion in the garden in the middle of a sculpture collection in the style of New Objectivity by the Lübeck architect Wilhelm Bräck .

Lübeck home decor of the 18th and early 19th centuries

Statues on the façade crown of the Behnhaus

The Behnhaus shows its painting collections in the context of contemporary furnishings and interior decorations from the time the two museum buildings were built, thus giving a picture of Lübeck's bourgeois culture from Rococo to Classicism to Biedermeier. One of the rare Stockelsdorf ovens is a reminder of the brief heyday of the Stockelsdorf faience factory outside the city gates at the end of the 18th century. The evidence of upscale bourgeois living culture is supplemented by a collection of old musical instruments , many of which come from houses in Lübeck.

A small Art Nouveau collection can be seen in the mezzanine of the Behnhaus.

Focus of the collection

Self-portrait of Friedrich Overbeck with family around 1820

Nazarenes

The focus of the Nazarenes collection revolves around Lübeck-born Friedrich Overbeck and his circle of friends. It is based on a generous donation from Charlotte Overbeck, who donated Overbeck's artistic estate to the Hanseatic city in 1914. One of Overbeck's main works shown in Lübeck, The Lamentation of Christ , hangs in St. Mary's Church .

romance

German Romanticism is represented by Caspar David Friedrich , Carl Blechen and Carl Gustav Carus . The Lübeck collector and patron Christian Dräger transferred large parts of his collection of drawings from the Goethe era and the Romantic era to the museum .

impressionism

Gotthardt Kuehl , born in Lübeck, is one of the early German impressionists. Throughout his life, as a professor at the Dresden Art Academy, he kept a connection to his hometown and Travemünde , which he visited frequently. The subjects of the pictures created on these trips are therefore an obvious collection interest for a Lübeck art museum. The development of Kuehl is reflected in the exhibition and is illustrated in comparison to the pictures shown by Max Liebermann , Lovis Corinth , Maria Slavona , Ulrich Hübner and Max Slevogt .

expressionism

Edvard Munch: The sons of Dr. Linden tree
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner: Tram and Railway from 1914.

Due to Edvard Munch's relationship with the Lübeck doctor and patron Max Linde, there is a central work for Munch's portrait art, the portrait The Sons of Dr. Linde im Behnhaus ( shown in the Museum of Modern Art in 2006 ) and is complemented by other works by the Norwegian artist as the focus of the museum's collection.

The picture The Sons of Dr. From left to right, Linde shows Hermann (the dreamy elder), second Lothar (the youngest), third Helmuth (looking at the painter), and on the far right Theodor (mentally). The children are standing in front of the white double door to the garden. They were called in from playing in the garden to greet the guest Edvard Munch and painted by him in this scene.

The collection of German Expressionists built up by Heise from 1920 to 1933 was destroyed by the National Socialist art policy . As part of the Degenerate Art campaign , a total of 210 works were confiscated in 1937/38.

In 2006 the museum received a painting by Paula Modersohn-Becker , which Heise had tried to buy as early as 1930, on the basis of a generous private donation with the standing and kneeling girl nude . It is questionable whether the picture would be hanging in Lübeck today if the purchase had taken place in those years. By Ernst Ludwig Kirchner , the image is Tram and rail issued by the 1914th

Regional artist

The museum's founder, Carl Georg Heise, began purposefully in the 1920s to promote important regional artists for him through acquisitions for the museum and through exhibitions. These include Albert Aereboe , Erwin Bossanyi , Erich Dummer , Karl Gatermann the Elder. Ä. , Alfred Mahlau and others. Some views of Travemünde are also shown.

Sculptures

The bronze sculpture Brigitte by Gerhard Marcks is a reproduction of his daughter. The figure was acquired by Heise in 1932, removed from the Behnhaus as degenerate art by the National Socialists and returned in 2011 as a permanent loan from the Ferdinand Möller Foundation in Berlin . By Georg Kolbe in Behnhaus is bust made of bronze portrait Viola Tegtmeyer issued to the 1911th

Exhibitions

  • 2014: Open your eyes! Thomas Mann and the Fine Arts Catalog. Together with the Buddenbrookhaus .
  • November 21, 2015 - February 28, 2016: Dutch Modernism - The Veendorp Collection from Groningen .
  • September 15, 2019 to January 5, 2020: Max Liebermann and Hans Meid. Black on white.
  • January 16 to March 15, 2020: Mühlenpfordt - Neue Zeitkunst and Anna Dräger-Mühlenpfordt - selected works.

See also

Picture gallery

literature

  • Ilsabe von Bülow: Joseph Christian Lillie (1760-1827). The life of an architect in Northern Germany. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-06610-6 , p. 39ff.
  • Abram B. Enns : Art and Bourgeoisie. The controversial twenties in Lübeck. Christians, Hamburg 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0571-8 .
  • Wulf Schadendorf : Museum Behnhaus. The house and its rooms. Painting, sculpture, handicrafts (= Lübeck museum catalogs 3). 2nd expanded and changed edition. Museum for Art a. Cultural history d. Hanseatic City, Lübeck 1976.
  • Alexander Bastek (ed.): One hundred masterpieces: the collection of the Museum Behnhaus Drägerhaus Lübeck. Petersberg: Imhof / Lübeck: Museum Behnhaus Drägerhaus, Gallery of the 19th Century and Classical Modernism [2017] ISBN 978-3-7319-0598-1

Web links

Commons : Behnhaus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information board in the Behnhaus at the transition to the Dräger-Haus.
  2. ^ Museum Behnhaus Drägerhaus. In: Autumn program of the Lübeck museums, as of October 1, 2014, pp. 14–15.
  3. ↑ Curious, but a little self-conscious. The most beautiful masterpieces from the Behnhaus - Today: “The sons of Dr. Max Linde ”by Edvard Munch. In: "Lübecker Nachrichten", December 16, 2017, p. III.
  4. ↑ See the complete list under Lübeck-Behnhaus ; 123 of these works are currently (November 2014) searchable in the "Degenerate Art" database
  5. ↑ The bronze figure “Brigitte” by Gerhard Marcks is returning to the Behnhaus on loan (PDF; 77 kB), press release from the Ferdinand Möller Foundation from March 2011, accessed on November 3, 2013; see also The return of "Brigitte" to the Behnhaus. In: Lübecker Nachrichten of March 30, 2011, p. 17.
  6. ^ The love behind the merciless X-ray vision in FAZ from September 15, 2014, page 11.
  7. ^ New exhibition: The Veendorp Collection from Groningen at luebeck-places.de from November 12, 2015.
  8. ↑ https://museum-behnhaus-draegerhaus.de/ausstellungseroeffnung-muehlenpfordt--neue-zeitkunst-und-anna-draeger-muehlenpfordt--ausgewaehlte-werke_1578316889

Coordinates: 53 ° 52 ′ 12.2 "  N , 10 ° 41 ′ 22.7"  E