Ebertsbrücke
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 21 ″ N , 13 ° 23 ′ 30 ″ E
| Ebertsbrücke | ||
|---|---|---|
 view from the east |
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| use | Road traffic | |
| Convicted | Tucholskystraße - Geschwister-Scholl-Straße | |
| Crossing of | Spree | |
| place | District Berlin-Mitte | |
| construction | Steel girders Sheet steel beams, special foundation made of two blocks with an overlying support girder to secure the S-Bahn tunnel | |
| overall length | 61.0 m | |
| width | 10.0 m, of which 7 m is carriageway | |
| Headroom | 4.50 m | |
| vehicles per day | 240 trucks 8,700 vehicles |
|
| start of building | 1934 | |
| completion | 1936/1992 | |
| location | ||
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The Ebertsbrücke is a road bridge over the Spree in the Berlin district of Mitte of the district of the same name , which connects the historic districts of Dorotheenstadt and Spandauer Vorstadt . Between 1945 and 1992 there was no bridge at this point.
location
The Ebertsbrücke leads along Geschwister-Scholl-Straße over the Spree to Tucholskystraße. It is located downstream between the Monbijou Bridge and the Weidendammer Bridge .
Naming
The bridge was named in 1836 after its builder, the Berlin house owner, sea trading manager and accountant Ebert. Sometimes the bridge is also called Ebertbrücke .
history
19. – 20. century
In the 1820s, the Berlin house owner, maritime trader and accountant Ebert founded a private "Bridge Construction Actiengesellschaft" to build a bridge at the current location. This should then be operated with the toll income ( six ). In 1820, an unadorned 5.25-meter-wide wooden yoke bridge with a 5.65-meter-long hinged middle section for the barges was built in the then customary construction . In 1825 the city of Berlin acquired the "Actienbrücke", which was also called Ebert's Brücke because of its builder . General naming and official signage for all 25 “local river bridges” in the Berlin urban area did not take place until 1836, when the Prussian King approved cast-iron name boards based on designs by Karl Friedrich Schinkel . The Ebertsbrücke served to cross the Spree until the end of the 19th century. Without repair work and with its narrow width, the bridge soon became a traffic obstacle, and a new construction was decided. In March 1893, construction began on a three-span vault bridge with ten-meter-wide stone edge arches and a wrought-iron central field with a clear width of 29.6 meters. The visible surfaces and railings of the edge vaults were decorated with Striegau granite and the central area with wrought-iron railings and corresponding lamp holders . A special feature, however, were the boar heads shown four times in the lamp bases , which were reminiscent of the builder of the first bridge. The new bridge was 17 meters wide and had a wood-paved road 11 meters wide. In October 1894, the new Ebertsbrücke was opened to traffic.
After the formation of the greater Berlin community in 1920, new means of transport became necessary, especially in the inner city area. The bridge foundations were in the way of the north-south S-Bahn , which was supposed to tunnel under the Spree in the area of the Ebertsbrücke. The demolition of the bridge began in 1934. A foundation was modified by a special construction so that the tunnel could be guided without any problems and without contact. The Eberts Bridge, which was then renewed in 1937, was formed from steel girders and led across the river without any supports. She received no decorative accessories.
The bridge was blown up
In the Second World War , the bridge was blown up by Wehrmacht troops during the Battle of Berlin . In order to be able to resume shipping after the end of the war, the structure lying in the river had to be removed. Pioneers of the Red Army blew up the metal debris in the water. However, they did not know the S-Bahn tunnel underneath and damaged the tunnel ceiling, which led to the railway line slowly filling up. Based on the location of the documents, it can be assumed that the water ingress did not directly result in death. However, around 100 dead people were recovered, who were probably injured in the final battle for Berlin and died in the S-Bahn cars set up as auxiliary hospitals.
Debris removal
In order to be able to resume shipping after the end of the war, the structure lying in the river had to be removed. There are reports of an explosion of metal debris in the river Spree by pioneers of the Red Army . They may also have further damaged the S-Bahn tunnel below, but at this point it was still completely filled with water. The entire tunnel was only pumped out again in February 1946.
reconstruction
Only after 47 years, in mid-1992, was an Eberts bridge built again. However, this should only serve as a replacement for the Weidendammer Bridge, which was closed for renovation during this time, for two years. Parts from dismantled steel elevated roads were used for the construction. The road surface is made of sheet metal with a thin layer of asphalt. The walkways were designed with wooden planks.
The bridge rests on the old abutments and a river pillar. After the completion of the renovation work on the Weidendammer bridge, the temporary structure of the Eberts bridge was left standing.
Structures near the bridge
Northern area
- The former main telegraph office in the square Tucholsky- / Oranienburger / Monbijou- / Ziegelstraße (is a listed building and houses the remains of the Berlin pneumatic tube).
- A Charité building in which the university's women's clinic was housed, in the New Building style from the 1930s.
Southern area
- Several former barracks, today used by institutions of the Humboldt University and the State Museums Berlin - Prussian Cultural Heritage .
literature
- Eckhard Thiemann; Dieter Deszyk; Horstpeter Metzing: Berlin and its bridges. Jaron Verlag, Berlin 2003, pp. 34-37, ISBN 3-89773-073-1 .
- Langer: The new Ebertsbrücke in Berlin . In: The construction technology. Specialized publication for the entire civil engineering. Verlag von Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin, 16 (1938), no.12.
Web links
- Ebertsbrücke at brueckenweb.de (structure 1391, brief technical data and a photo of the temporary bridge)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Traffic volumes for trucks in 2014 . Road traffic census 2014 as of October 16, 2015 (pdf)
- ↑ Traffic volume map DTV 2014: vehicles in 24 hours
- ↑ Wilhelm Mila: Berlin, or history of the origin, the gradual development and the current state of this capital, in terms of location, constitution, scientific culture, art and trade, according to the most trusted writers and own research. Nicolaische Buchhandlung, Berlin a. Stettin 1829, p. 468 ( Google book search )
- ↑ Thiemann / Deszyk / Metzing: Berlin and its bridges , page 68
- ↑ Karen Meyer: The flooding of the Berlin S-Bahn tunnel in the last days of the war. Reconstruction and legends. Edited on behalf of the Kreuzberg district council assembly from the Kreuzberg Art Office, Society for Transport Policy and Railways, Berlin 1992
- ^ Michael Braun: North-South S-Bahn Berlin. 75 years of underground railways. Ed .: Berliner S-Bahn-Museum, GVE Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-89218-112-5
- ^ Michael Braun: North-South S-Bahn Berlin. 75 years of underground railways. Ed .: Berliner S-Bahn-Museum, GVE Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-89218-112-5
- ↑ Uwe Aulich: Ebertbrücke remains a temporary solution . In: Berliner Zeitung , March 2, 2000