Ebnat SG

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Ebnat
Ebnat coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of St. GallenCanton of St. Gallen Canton of St. Gallen (SG)
Constituency : Toggenburg
Political community : Ebnat-Kappeli2 w1
Postal code : 9642
former BFS no. : 3352
Coordinates : 727 820  /  235619 coordinates: 47 ° 15 '33 "  N , 9 ° 7' 39"  O ; CH1903:  727,820  /  235619
Height : 637  m above sea level M.
Parish before the merger in 1965

Parish before the merger in 1965
map
Ebnat SG (Switzerland)
Ebnat SG
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Ebnat was a municipality in the constituency of Toggenburg , Canton of St. Gallen , Switzerland . On January 1, 1965, Ebnat merged with the former municipality of Kappel to form the municipality of Ebnat-Kappel . Ebnat is now part of the village of Ebnat-Kappel.

geography

Ebnat with Reformed Church

Ebnat is located in Toggenburg in the Thur Valley between Nesslau and Wattwil . The street village with extensive scattered settlement is located in the pre-Alpine hilly landscape on both sides of the valley.

history

Ebnat in 1919, aerial photo by Walter Mittelholzer

Until 1762 the place was called Ober-Wattwil. With the independence of Wattwil, the municipality gave itself the name Ebnat, which means flat land, elevated plain, hill to better differentiate itself. Ebnat, an original field name , became the name of the settlement in this way .

Haus Steinfels (right)

In the late Middle Ages the Ebnet was inhabited by so-called court disciples of the Counts of Toggenburg . In 1468 it passed into the possession of the Prince Abbey of St. Gallen along with the entire Toggenburg . The area had no center of its own until the 18th century and the majority belonged to the Lower Court of Wattwil. As in Wattwil, the Reformation had a strong impact. In 1667 the Ebnater, who belonged to the church in Wattwil, acquired the right to use the church in Kappel. A little later, Ebnat and Kappel formed a main team . In 1762 Wattwil was replaced by the church and a Protestant parish was founded. The church was built by Johann Ulrich Grubenmann , and the church and parish were renamed Ebnet. The prosperity of the Protestant officials, pensioners , cattle and salt traders is expressed in the rural patrician house at Steinfels, built in 1667. In 1803 Ebnat became a political municipality.

Toggenburg houses in the Thurau

In the pre-industrial economy, cattle breeding with alpine farming dominated. Wendelin and Josef Looser built house organs in the 18th century . The widespread from the middle of the 18th century spinning and later weaving of cotton in cottage industry was supplanted in the mid-19th century by the growing factory. The embroidery industry in Ebnat had 80 embroidery machines in 1876. After the First World War, numerous small industries alleviated the embroidery crisis. In the middle of the 19th century, the mill in Eich was converted into a pasta factory. Important peasant painters were Anna Barbara Giezendanner Aemisegger (1831–1905), Felix Brander (1846–1924) and Johannes Blatter (1895–1975). In 1870 Ebnat-Kappel became the end of the line from Wil , which was extended to Nesslau in 1912 . After the construction of the railway, Ebnat experienced an upswing as a whey and climatic health resort, and the summer restaurant on the Rosenbühl was expanded. From 1851 to 2015, Ebnat was the publisher of Toggenburger Nachrichten.

Industrialization promoted the growing together with Kappel. In 1943 the private village community Ebnat-Kappel was founded. In addition to cattle breeding with alpine farming and forestry, 15 industrial companies offered around 1000 jobs at the end of the 20th century. In 2000, a good two fifths of the workforce were still employed in the second economic sector. The Tanzboden ski lift , a nature trail in the Eich and the Ackerhus folklore museum founded by Albert Edelmann with an important collection of Toggenburg house organs serve tourism . The Sonnegg kindergarten teacher seminar was operated privately.

Population development
year 1824 1850 1900 1930 1960
Residents 1726 2242 2657 2761 3011

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Hans Büchler : Ebnat. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
    These sections are largely based on the entry in the Historical Lexicon of Switzerland (HLS), which, according to the HLS's usage information, is under the Creative Commons license     - Attribution - Distribution under the same conditions 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0).
  2. ↑ Ebnat-Kappel on ortsnames.ch (online database), accessed on July 1, 2020
  3. ↑ Toggenburger Nachrichten for the last time . In: St. Galler Tagblatt (online), December 29, 2015