Edmund Edel

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Poster for the opening of the Secession stage, 1900

Edmund Albert Edel (born September 10, 1863 in Stolp , Pomerania , † May 4, 1934 in Berlin ) was a German caricaturist , illustrator , writer and film director . His grandson was the Berlin writer Peter Edel (1921–1983).

Life

youth

Edmund Edel came from a Jewish family of doctors who moved to Charlottenburg in 1864 . In 1869 the father, Dr. Karl Edel , there the “Asylum for the Mentally Ill”, a private psychiatric clinic. Edmund Edel attended the Charlottenburg Kaiserin-Augusta-Gymnasium and then began an apprenticeship as a businessman. To continue his commercial training, he went to Paris, where he decided to become an artist. At the end of 1886 he went to Munich to study painting under Nikolaus Gysis and Gabriel von Hackl at the private painting school of Simon Hollósy and then at the Royal Academy . He completed his studies in 1891 after the usual two-year stay in Paris at the Académie Julian . In Paris, from Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec , who was a year his junior, he got to know the new poster style that had emerged in France and had been brought to maturity by Jules Chéret and Toulouse-Lautrec. In view of the artistic possibilities that opened up for him in this area, Edel completed a one-year apprenticeship as a lithographer in Brussels in 1891 at the O. de Rycker printer .

His first paintings in the manner of Edvard Munch , which he presented from 1890, were destroyed by critics and reviled as "phantasmagoria". Edel returned to Berlin in 1892 and was forced to accept orders for illustrations.

From 1896: success as an illustrator and commercial artist

His breakthrough came with illustrations: in 1896 the satirical magazines Ulk and Fliegende Blätter printed his graphics . He also made a name for himself as a commercial artist. His main customers included theaters, art associations, cabarets and in particular Ullstein Verlag . He created a series of posters for his Berliner Morgenpost . "However, his posters also advertised consumer products, from liqueurs to car tires and meat extract to a shoe polish brand called" Eulen-Wichse ", for which he and a cabaret artist friend developed the brilliant advertising slogan" with the help of a necessary amount of alcohol ". which all of Berlin parroted: "What do I cum with? I cum with owls cum ..." "His posters were praised as modern, particularly eye-catching and cleverly composed. In 1906, the art historian Eduard Fuchs described him as “Germany's most skilful advertising artist ”. Today he is considered to be one of the pioneers of German advertising.

He worked as a costume designer for Ernst von Wolzhen's cabaret Überbrettl , designing costumes "in which he parodied the naughtiness of contemporary women's fashion and the exaggerations of modern craftsmanship with his own delightful arrogance". French-style cabaret shows were in vogue; satirical statements were not conveyed in texts, but through costumes and the musical and scenic design, because of possible criminal consequences.

In 1898 he was co-founder and artistic director of Max Osborn's magazine Narrenschiff , a short-lived competition to Simplicissimus . This was followed by joint book productions with drawings and caricatures. From 1901 he worked for the satirical magazine Der Wahre Jacob . In his caricatures he tried to give a precise typology of social classes and not just overdraw individual physiognomic features. Noble drawn observations of posture, facial expression, etc. give his caricatures a social-psychological-documentary relevance.

From 1903: writing and films

Edel retired from commercial art around 1903 and began to write. Over 30 social novels and many feature articles were written, which earned him the reputation of a chronicler of Berlin bohemianism. Some of his novels, which described Berlin's social milieus in essays, achieved very high editions.

Between 1916 and 1919 Edmund Edel directed more than half a dozen silent films and wrote screenplays as "cinema poet", as the screenwriters called themselves because of their productions calculated according to meters and kilometers. In total, he worked on more than 40 films and was one of the first German "film snobs" (see Jazbinsek 2000). His most outstanding film is the 1916 drama Die Börsenkönigin (Premiere 1918) with Asta Nielsen in the role of a lover of a mine director. This cheats them; she then takes the management of the company in hand. The location was unusual in the industrial landscape of the mining industry.

In an essay from 1926, Edel summed up his enthusiasm for the cinema:

“We made a pilgrimage from the West, which was too posh for this crude, naive popular amusement (naive in the sense of depraved snobbery), to Chausseestrasse, where, as I think I remember, a tiny cinema theater eked its modest existence. (...) Suddenly there was a film industry. An 'industry' like there is a blouse, clothing, automotive or food industry. Films were made. (...) In the meantime, the small crankcase has become the eye of the world. (...) Nobody fears him anymore, everyone longs to take the pose in front of the crankcase with which he wants to impress his fellow human beings. "

On his 70th birthday in 1933, the popular and well-known noble in Berlin had to allow himself to be insulted in the Völkischer Beobachter as a “Salonsemit”; the “obscenely decadent drawing and writing of the noble Jew” need not be thought of.

A few months later Edmund Edel died in Berlin in early May 1934. He was buried in the interdenominational cemetery Heerstraße in the Charlottenburg district in today's Berlin-Westend district . The tomb has since been closed.

Fonts (selection)

  • Marienbad. Sketches (= fashion baths. Vol. 1, ZDB -ID 2659615-5 ). Publishing house "Harmonie", Berlin 1905.
  • Berlin W. A couple of chapters on the surface. Boll et al. Pickardt, Berlin 1906 (new edition, edited by Johannes Althoff. Braun Verlagshaus, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-935455-07-0 ).
  • with Hans Ostwald, Leo Colze, Moritz Loeb, Hans Freimark: From the highs and lows of Berlin. The collected big city documents second volume (= in the Sittenspiegel der Großstadt. Vol. 2). With . Seemann, Berlin et al. 1907.
  • Ahrenshoop, the painter's nest. A Baltic idyll. In: Berliner Tageblatt, August 1907.
  • New Berlin (= big city documents. Vol. 50, ZDB -ID 988680-1 ). Seemann Nachf., Leipzig 1908.
  • The dangerous old man. Confessions of a man in his fifties. Est-Est-Verlag, Berlin-Charlottenburg 1911.
  • Poker. A gambler novel. Eduard Beyer, Charlottenburg 1912 (Revised new edition, edited by Jens-Erik Rudolph. (= Library of the New West. Vol. 1). Jens-Erik Rudolph, Hamburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-941670-06-8 ).
  • My friend Felix. Adventure from Berlin WW. Baumann, Charlottenburg 1914.
  • The glass house. A novel from the film world. Ullstein, Berlin et al. 1917.
  • The dance fool. A novel from the tango era. Boll & Pickardt, Berlin 1918.
  • Memories of a pillar saint. In: The poster. Vol. 9, Issue 1, January 1918, ZDB -ID 536367-6 , pp. 17-32.
  • The film god. Roman (= Ehrlich's illustrated library. Vol. 3, ZDB -ID 2061535-8 ). Illustrated by Conny. Ehrlich, Berlin 1920.
  • Ms. Mimi's past. Detective novel from Schieberkreise (= Ehrlichs Kriminalbücherei. Vol. 8, ZDB -ID 2061936-4 ). Ehrlich, Berlin 1920.
  • Sylvia's love life. The tragedy of a morphinist. Roman (= books of passion. Vol. 2, ZDB -ID 2237274-X ). Ehrlich, Berlin 1920.
  • Between the women. Roman (= KE books. Vol. 2, ZDB -ID 2062459-1 ). Ehrlich, Berlin 1924.
  • Giogolo, the friend of women. Roman (= collection of good moral novels. Vol. 33, ZDB -ID 2237275-1 ). Eden-Verlag, Berlin 1928.

Edel also translated some military novels by Victor Margueritte .

Filmography (selection)

literature

  • Max Osborn : Edmund Edel and his posters , in: German art and decoration. Vol. 8, 1901, pp. 389-395, digitized .
  • Eberhard Marx:  Edel, Edmund Albert. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 307 ( digitized version ).
  • Konrad Ege: Caricature and pictorial satire in the German Empire: The "Wahre Jacob". Hamburg 1879/80, Stuttgart 1884–1914. Media history, employees, editors-in-chief, graphics (= art history. Form & Interest. Vol. 44). Lit, Münster et al. 1992, ISBN 3-88660-807-7 (at the same time: Kassel, Gesamtthochschule, dissertation, 1990).
  • Marina Sauer: With an umbrella, charm and bowler hat. The poster artist Edmund Edel. (1863-1934). Pommern Foundation, Kiel, exhibition from May 15 to July 15, 1994. Pommern Foundation, Kiel 1994.
  • Dietmar Jazbinsek: Kinometer poet. Career paths in the empire between urban research and silent film (= FS II 00 505). WZB, research focus technology, work, environment, Berlin 2000 (PDF; 200 kB).
  • Johannes Althoff: Afterword. In: Edmund Edel: Berlin W. A few chapters on the surface. Newly edited by Johannes Althoff. Verlagshaus Braun, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-935455-07-0 .
  • Irene Stratenwerth, Hermann Simon (Ed.): Pioneers in Celluloid. Jews in the early film world. Henschel, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-89487-471-6 .
  • Björn Weyand: “A few chapters from the surface”. Brand consumption and catalog poetics in Edmund Edel's satire 'Berlin W'. (1906). In: Heinz Drügh, Christian Metz, Björn Weyand (eds.): Product aesthetics. New perspectives on consumption, culture and art (= Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft. Stw 1964). Suhrkamp, ​​Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-518-29564-9 , pp. 248-268.
  • Friedrich Schulz : Ahrenshoop. Artist Lexicon. Verlag Atelier im Bauernhaus, Fischerhude 2001. ISBN 3-88132-292-2 . P. 49.

gallery

References and comments

  1. ^ Enrollment of Edmund Edel, matriculation book 1888. Academy of Fine Arts Munich, accessed on October 20, 2015 .
  2. ↑ Johannes Althoff: Afterword. In: Edmund Edel: Berlin W. A few chapters on the surface. 2001, p. 154.
  3. ↑ Quoted from Ege, 1992.
  4. ↑ Osborn 1904, quoted from Ege, 1992.
  5. ↑ Ref : Jazbinsek 2000th
  6. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 . P. 486.
  7. ↑ Memories of a Pillar Saint on magazines.iaddb.org

Web links

Wikisource: Edmund Edel  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Edmund Edel  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Noble, Edmund
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Edel, Edmund Albert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German graphic artist, caricaturist, writer and film director
DATE OF BIRTH September 10, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH Stolp , Pomerania
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1934
Place of death Berlin