Single lane car
Single lane car is a type of vehicle. Other names are Einspurauto , Einspur-Auto and Monotrace .
definition
The author Halwart Schrader defines it as follows: A single-lane car is a motor vehicle with the front and rear wheels running in one lane. In contrast to the motorcycle , the vehicles have a body. Two lateral support wheels , which can be folded in while driving, prevent tipping over when the vehicle is stationary. The vehicles offer space for one or two people. The Mauser single-track car is mentioned as an example .
Schrader indicates that some cyclecars the 1920s were designed as Einspurwagen. However, by far not every single-lane car meets the criteria for cycle cars.
Another source defines single-track wagons as a mixture of automobile and motorcycle, with a body and side support wheels.
Development over time
Until 1918
The Colonial Automobile Company of Boston , Massachusetts manufactured Kent's Pacemaker vehicles between 1899 and 1901 . They were steam wagons with a steerable front wheel and a driven rear wheel in one track. Two outer rear wheels could be folded in while driving.
The Deluxe Motor Car Company of Cleveland in Ohio introduced in 1910, some vehicles forth. Various single and two-cylinder engines were available.
Between 1911 and 1914 there was the Rabe-Mobil from Ludwig Rabe from Uelzen in Northern Germany. A second source uses the notation Rabemobil and mentions a construction period sometime between 1911 and 1915. The essential points of the definition are met with motorization, cladding, two- wheeled vehicles and side, retractable support wheels. The number of seats is not recorded.
James Scripps Booth from Scripps-Booth experimented on a vehicle from 1908. The Scripps-Booth Bi-Autogo prototype was completed in 1912. The vehicle remained a one-off. The vehicle was powered by a V8 engine with a capacity of 6309 cm³ and an output of 45 hp . The open body offered space for two more people behind the driver. The support wheels were designed as double tires on both sides . The production costs amounted to 25,000 US dollars .
Pyotr Petrowitsch Schilowski from the Russian Empire developed the Schilowski Gyrocar, a self-balancing vehicle . The Wolseley Motor Company of the United Kingdom manufactured it in November 1913. A gyroscope instead of training wheels prevented it from tipping over. There was space for two people on the front bench. At the rear was a compartment with either one or two benches facing each other. The vehicle remained a one-off and was scrapped in 1948.
In 1914 there was the Balier shepherd in Austria-Hungary . There are indications that the builder came from Liberec . A four-cylinder engine with 18 hp power drove the rear wheel via a cardan shaft . Two small lateral support wheels have been handed down. The body had two seats in a row. The vehicle was intended for sport as well as for everyday use and should also be suitable for war purposes. The magazine Die Gartenlaube reported on the vehicle.
In 1914 the Fauber was made by a manufacturer in New York City . The sources disagree on whether it was side support wheels that prevented overturning when standing, or springs. A two-cylinder engine with 8 hp was installed in front of the rear wheel and propelled it.
The Moore Car Corporation of America from Indianapolis manufactured some single-track cars in 1917 and sold them as Moore , and occasionally Moore-Car . A two-cylinder engine with 22 hp drove the rear wheel via a three-speed gearbox and a cardan shaft. The training wheels were very small and arranged almost parallel to the rear wheel. The disguise was minimal. The top speed was specified as 144 km / h.
From 1919 to 1945
Gustav Winkler from Berlin had made a prototype in 1920 , which Mauser took over and brought out under his own name. When Mauser abandoned the project, Winkler continued production at his own expense. It ended in 1929. His company was initially based in Oberndorf am Neckar and later in Berlin .
Atlantic Automobilbau from Berlin produced around 100 Atlantic single-track cars between 1921 and 1922 , which were marketed until 1923. A two-cylinder boxer engine from BMW with a displacement of 494 cm³ and a maximum output of 6.5 hp propelled the vehicles.
Mauser from Oberndorf am Neckar was the most successful manufacturer of such vehicles. The company presented a single-lane car at the Berlin Motor Show in 1921. Series production ran from 1923 to 1925. Individual vehicles followed until 1927.
Monotrace from Courbevoie , France , manufactured vehicles that resembled the Mauser between 1924 and 1930.
Armin Drechsel from Pasing experimented on a vehicle from around 1925. In 1931 he exploited the patents of Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe for a "gyro-stabilized car body". It is not known if he actually made a vehicle.
Whitwood Monocars, based in Portsmouth , England, produced six vehicles between 1934 and 1936. The support wheels were unusually small and mounted in front of the center of the vehicle. An illustration shows a closed structure.
In 1935 there was the Watson in the USA . Its features were a two-cylinder two- stroke engine and a cardan shaft. The body was streamlined and made of leather. The manufacturing costs were high due to the mechanics for the training wheels. The $ 150 retail price is considered low. Nevertheless, no buyers were found.
Jan Anderle made some prototypes of the Dalnik between 1936 and 1942 . The two-cylinder engine from Jawa with 615 cm³ displacement and 19.5 hp was mounted in front of the front wheel and powered it via a chain. The rear wheel was smaller. The support wheels could be lowered by a pedal. The body of Sodomka is described as teardrop-shaped. It had no doors. A bench offered space for two people next to each other. The windshield was in three parts. Jawa bought the rights to the construction in 1942.
In 1939, JG Tingle from Miami , Florida manufactured a vehicle that he described as a mixture of motorcycle and automobile. The training wheels were attached behind the front wheel.
After 1945
The Ecomobile has been around since 1984 . The engine comes from BMW. The body is closed.
Similar vehicles
The Bastert-Werke from Bielefeld manufactured the Bastert single-track car in the 1950s . It was a motor scooter and did not meet the criteria for a single lane car.
Gustav Adolf Baumm also designed a number of fully clad single-track vehicles for record drives in cooperation with NSU-Motorenwerke in the 1950s , in which the driver was sitting or lying on his back, similar to a Formula 1 racing car since the 1960s. They had no side support wheels and were therefore not single-track wagons.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , chapter technical terms.
- ↑ Oldtimer Lexikon (accessed April 14, 2018)
- ^ George Ralph Doyle, George Nick Georgano: The World's Automobiles 1862–1962. A record of 100 years of car building. Temple Press Books, London 1963, p. 140 (English).
- ↑ Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , chapter Balier-Schäfer.
- ↑ Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , Drechsel chapter.
- ↑ Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , Watson chapter.
- ↑ Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , chapter Dálnik.
- ↑ Beverly Rae Kimes, Henry Austin Clark Jr .: Standard catalog of American Cars. 1805-1942. Digital edition . 3. Edition. Krause Publications, Iola 2013, ISBN 978-1-4402-3778-2 , pp. 1471 (English).
- ↑ Bastert single-track car (accessed April 21, 2018)
- ↑ Tree (accessed April 21, 2018)