Ejnar Dyggve

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Ejnar Dyggve 1958

Ejnar Aksel Petersen Dyggve (born October 17, 1887 in Libau , Russia , today Latvia ; died August 6, 1961 in Copenhagen ) was a Danish architect , classical and Christian archaeologist and architectural historian .

education

Ejnar Dyggve, born as Ejnar Aksel Petersen, who changed his surname to Dyggve in 1906, was the son of Julius August Peter Petersen and his wife Anna Lovisa Josephina, née Holmberg. He attended the Ateneum art school in Helsinki from 1904 to 1905 , and in 1906 the Nya svenska läroverket , a Finnish-Swedish grammar school in Helsinki. After the Examen philosophicum , at the time a mandatory preparatory course for Danish and Norwegian universities, at the University of Copenhagen he did an apprenticeship as a mason and in 1909 passed his exam at the Technical School in Copenhagen. From 1909 to 1920 he studied architecture at the Royal Danish Art Academy as a student of Martin Nyrop (1849–1921).

architect

In the 1910s he was a member of the student architects group Kanonarkitekterne , which dealt intensively with questions of architecture theory. The result of his own work were numerous implemented plans for country houses that fit unobtrusively into the landscape of Helsinki. With these buildings, he was an important source of inspiration for nature-friendly building. At the International Architecture Exhibition in Ghent in 1921 , he won the gold medal with his designs. Together with his wife Ingrid Møller Dyggve , née Møller (1890–1969), he also designed furniture. Ejnar Dyggve, who was a member of the Danish state Naturfredningsrådet (Nature Conservation Council) from 1924 to 1928 , developed a nature conservation plan for the city of Ghent in 1925.

archaeologist

In 1922/23 he took part in an archaeological expedition of the Danish National Museum in Salona, Dalmatia, financed by the state Rask-Ørsted Fondet . It was here that he first came into contact with archeology and archaeological building research under the leadership of Johannes Brøndsted , although he had traveled regularly through Europe since 1908 . In 1929 he returned to Dalmatia, directed numerous excavations until 1932 and was the architect in charge of the antiquities of Dalmatia. In 1932 he took part in the excavations in the Macedonian Stobi , in 1932 and 1935 in the Danish excavations in the Aetolian Kalydon . As a result, he published the Heroon of Kalydon . In 1939 and 1953 he led the Danish excavations in Thessaloniki in the area of ​​the Galerius Palace , during the Second World War, together with Johannes Brøndsted, the excavations of the famous burial mounds of Jellinge in Denmark.

After the war he continued his research in Italy, in 1947/48 he and the Norwegian Hans Peter L'Orange examined the Lombard church of Santa Maria in Valle , the so-called Tempietto longobardo , in Cividale del Friuli . The research focus of both was the late antique and early Christian art , L'Orange coming from the sculpture and mosaic, Dyggve from the building research. Investigations on the Basilica urbana took him again to Salona in 1949, in 1952 he took part in the excavation of the Danish Carlsberg Foundation in Lindos on Rhodes , where he examined the architecture of the Athena sanctuary and tried to prove cult continuity up to the late Christian era. He undertook one last excavation in 1954 on the "Odysseus Island" Mljet in the Adriatic Sea . With his research, especially on the architecture of the Balkans and late antique architecture, he opened up an important area for building research.

Ejnar Dyggve was a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences from 1936 and taught as a lecturer at the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek . From 1946 to 1957 he was a board member of the Ny Carlsbergfondet , a division of the Carlsberg Foundation.

Memberships (selection)

Honors

Fonts (selection)

A bibliography of the writings of Ejnar Dyggves is provided by Hans Peter L'Orange, Johannes Brøndsted in: Oversigt over Videnskabernes Selskabers virksomhed 1961-62. 1962, pp. 103-122.

  • Research à Salone. Volume 1: La ville de Salone - disposition et topographie. Schultz, Copenhagen 1928.
  • Research à Salone. Volume 2. Schultz, Copenhagen 1933.
  • with Frederik Poulsen : The Heroon of Kalydon. Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1934.
  • Research in Salona. Volume 3: The early Christian cemetery of Marusinac . Rohrer, Vienna 1939.
  • Ravennatum Palatium Sacrum. La basilica ipetrale per cerimonie - studii sull'architettura dei palazzi della tarda antichità. Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1941.
  • Dødekult, Kejserkult, above basilica. Bidrag to Spørgsmålet om the old crystal cult bygnings Genesis. Branner, Copenhagen 1943.
  • with Frederik Poulsen: The Laphrion, the temple district of Kalydon. Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1948.
  • History of Salonitan Christianity. Harvard University Press, Cambridge 1951.
  • Jellingkongernes mindesmærker. Jørgensen, Kolding 1956.
  • Kong Theoderik and the Nordiske Runddysse. En kunsthistorisk study over Theodorikmausoleets dome. Gad, Copenhagen 1957.
  • Aula sacra - aula sancta. Gad, Copenhagen 1959.
  • Le sanctuaire d'Athana Lindia et l'architecture lindane (= Lindos fouilles et recherches 1902–1914 et 1952. ) Volume 3, 1–2. De Gruyter, Berlin 1960.
  • with Hermann Vetters : Mogorjelo. A late antique mansion in Roman Dalmatia. Böhlau, Cologne 1966.

literature

  • Mélanges Ejnar Dyggve. (= Byzantion. Volume 25/27, 1955/57, Fasc. 2) (including Paul Lemerle : Ejnar Dyggve et l'archéologie chrétienne. Pp. 375-382).
  • Pierre Chantraine : Eloge funèbre de M. Ejnar Dyggve. In: Comptes rendus des séances Académie des inscriptions 1961, pp. 287–288 ( digitized version ).
  • Rudolf Egger : Ejnar Dyggve. In: Austrian Academy of Sciences. Almanach 111, 1961, pp. 382-392.
  • Hans Peter L'Orange : Ejnar Dyggve, 17 ottobre 1887 - 6 agosto 1961 . In: Atti della Pontificia accademia romana di archeologia. Rendiconti 35, 1962/63, pp. 15-26.
  • Annette Rathje, John Lund: Danes Overseas - A Short History of Danish Classical Archaeological Fieldwork. In: Acta Hyperborea 3, 1991, pp. 11-56.
  • Anđelka Stipčević-Despotović: Dyggve, Ejnar . In: Hrvatski biografski leksikon Volume 3, 1993.
  • Ida Haugsted: Dyggve, Ejnar . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 31, Saur, Munich a. a. 2001, ISBN 3-598-22771-X , p. 401.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Dyggve, Ejnar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dyggve, Ejnar Aksel Petersen (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Danish architect, archaeologist and architectural historian
DATE OF BIRTH October 17, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Libau , Russia
DATE OF DEATH August 6, 1961
Place of death Copenhagen , Denmark