Erwin Rösener

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Erwin Rösener

Erwin Friedrich Karl Rösener (born February 2, 1902 in Schwerte ; † September 4, 1946 in Ljubljana ) was a German SS-Obergruppenführer , general of the Waffen-SS and police . As Higher SS and Police Leader "Alpenland" (Wehrkreis XVIII, Salzburg), Rösener was largely responsible for Nazi racial and national politics in Lower Styria , Carinthia and Upper Carniola .

Life

Origin and education

Rösener was born in the Westphalian industrial city of Schwerte on the right of the Ruhr and was accepted into the Protestant community. At that time the city had about 12,000 inhabitants and belonged to the district of Hörde . However , he attended elementary school and from 1913 to 1916 the secondary school in the city of Buer . After completing his school days, Rösener completed a four-year training course as an electrical fitter and then continued his education at a professional evening school and a technical training school in Aachen . He then worked for several companies in his profession, most recently at Deutsche Elektrizitäts-Werken (DEW) in Aachen.

Political career

On November 6, 1926, Rösener joined the NSDAP and received membership number 46.771, for which he served as local group leader in Aachen in 1927/28 and then as section leader and insurance supervisor at the Rhineland Gauleiter. In the course of joining the party, he was also accepted into the Sturmabteilung (SA). In 1927 he was promoted to SA-Sturmführer and in 1928/29 headed SA-Sturm 16 in Aachen. In October 1929 he applied for admission to the SS . His request was granted in 1930 and he transferred from the SA to the SS with the rank of SA Sturmführer.

Rösener received SS number 3.575 and was assigned to SS-Sturm 73 in Aachen on November 4, 1930 as SS- Oberscharführer . As early as February 18, 1931, he was promoted to SS- Sturmführer and on December 21, 1931 he was promoted to SS- Hauptsturmführer . In 1932 Rösener attended the Reichsfuhrer School in Munich and was then promoted to SS- Sturmbannführer on January 30, 1933 .

After coming to power

At the request of the SS-Sturmbannführer Erwin Rösener , who was active in Aachen, the editor-in-chief of the Aachener Arbeiter-Zeitung , Arthur May , was to be brought to Jülich for questioning. The Aachen police leadership then left Arthur May, who was in protective custody , to some SS men who had arrived in an open truck. After his transport on the night of June 21st to June 22nd, 1933, Arthur May was literally executed on June 22nd, 1933 in the Jülich citadel by SS auxiliary police officers. The cause of death was given as "shot while trying to escape".

In July 1933 Rösener was transferred to Düsseldorf and entrusted with the management of the 20th SS standard. On November 9, 1933, he was promoted to SS-Obersturmbannführer.

In the sham elections for the 9th Reichstag , which took place on November 12, 1933, Rösener ran for the NSDAP unified list in constituency 22 (Düsseldorf East, constituency association Rhineland-North) and was elected as a member of the Reichstag. He was a member of the Reichstag until 1945, and from 1936 he represented constituency 1 (East Prussia) there. From May to October 1938 he was an honorary councilor in Berlin.

As early as May 12, 1934, he was promoted to SS-Standartenführer , and Rösener also took on another field of activity as a member of the organizational management of the Nazi party rallies. He was already significantly involved in the planning work for the Nazi party rally “Triumph of the Will”, as well as in the realization of the spectacle that took place in Nuremberg from September 5 to 10, 1934 . In September 1934, Rösener moved from Düsseldorf to Olsztyn in East Prussia , where he was in command of the 61st SS Standard. From mid-September 1936 to early November 1938 he was staff leader of the SS Upper Section East (Berlin) and then in the same function of the SS Upper Section Rhine (Wiesbaden) until June 1940, which he then led.

World War II and execution

Erwin Rösener at the time of the trial in Yugoslavia (1946)

From mid-September 1940 to mid-December 1941 he was Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) "Rhine" and then HSSPF "Alpenland" until the end of the war. In this role, Rösener was deployed in Slovenia to fight partisans . Here he ordered the killing of civilians, hostages and prisoners of war and worked with Leon Rupnik and Bishop Gregorij Rožman . In July 1944 he was promoted to general of the Waffen-SS and the police and a month later to SS-Obergruppenführer. From the beginning of October 1944 he was also commander of the Higher prisoners of war in the military district XVIII, and from April 1945, commander of the rear area of Army Group E . In 1945 Rösener escaped to Austria, but was discovered by the British on May 17 in a military hospital in Spittal an der Drau , where he had been admitted in Wehrmacht uniform with Wehrmacht documents, first taken to a large prison camp in Cinecitta near Rome and then to Yugoslavia brought back. Here he was sentenced to death on August 30, 1946 and hanged on September 4, 1946 .

Awards

See also

literature

  • Stefan Karner : The staff meetings of the Nazi civil administration in Lower Styria 1941 - 1944 . Graz 1996, ISBN 3-7011-7302-8 .
  • Tamara Griesser-Pečar: The torn people. Slovenia 1941-1946 . Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-205-77062-5 .
  • Gerhard Jochem among others: disenfranchisement, expulsion, murder. Nazi injustice in Slovenia and its traces in Bavaria 1941 - 1945 . Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-936411-65-4 .
  • Look up! The German Reich, the NSDAP, the Wehrmacht, etc. Bibliographisches Institut , Leipzig 1939.
  • Ruth Bettina Birn : The Higher SS and Police Leaders. Himmler's representative in the Reich and in the occupied territories. Droste, Düsseldorf 1986, ISBN 3-7700-0710-7 .
  • Joachim Lilla , Martin Döring, Andreas Schulz: extras in uniform: the members of the Reichstag 1933–1945. A biographical manual. Including the Volkish and National Socialist members of the Reichstag from May 1924 . Droste, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-7700-5254-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Elmar Gasten: Aachen during the time of the National Socialist rule: 1933–1944. ISBN 3-631456-97-2 , p. 87.
  2. ↑ Albert Kirschgens, Gerd Spelsberg: Unity instead of law and freedom: Aachen 1933. Publisher: Alano, 1983, ISBN 3-924007-00-4 , p. 157.
  3. ↑ The German people accuse : Hitler's war against the peace fighters in Germany , Éditions du Carrefour, 1936, p. 261.
  4. ↑ Ruth Bettina Birn: The higher SS and police leaders. Himmler's representative in the Reich and in the occupied territories. , Düsseldorf 1986, p. 345.
  5. ↑ Wolf Oschlies: Slovenes and Germans in the Second World War , November 2008 at www.zukunft-brauch-erinnerung.de
  6. ^ August Walzl: Carinthia 1945. From the Nazi regime to the rule of occupation in the Alps-Adriatic region. Carinthia University Press, Klagenfurt 1985, ISBN 3-85378-235-3 , p. 280 f.
personal data
SURNAME Rösener, Erwin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rösener, Erwin Friedrich Karl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP), MdR, SS-Obergruppenführer and general of the police
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Swords
DATE OF DEATH September 4, 1946
Place of death Ljubljana (Ljubljana)