Felt loquats

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Felt loquats
Felt loquat (Cotoneaster tomentosus)

Felt loquat ( Cotoneaster tomentosus )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : Medlars ( Cotoneaster )
Type : Felt loquats
Scientific name
Cotoneaster tomentosus
Lindl.

The felt Steinmispel ( Cotoneaster tomentosus ), also Woolly cotoneaster or felt cotoneaster called, is a plant of the genus cotoneaster ( Cotoneaster ) within the family of Rosaceae (Rosaceae). The main distribution area of ​​the Filz-Steinmispel is in the eastern Mediterranean area , in the Eastern Alps and in Southeast Europe .

description

Branch with fruits

The felt loquat usually grows as an independently upright, seldom spreading shrub that usually reaches heights of 1 to 2, rarely up to 3 meters. The bark of the branches is dark brown. The alternate and usually two lines arranged leaves are divided into a short petiole and leaf blade. The simple, cloudy green leaf blade is ovate to broadly elliptical with a length of 2 to 7 centimeters and a width of 2 to 5 centimeters. The upper side of the leaf is never bare and the underside of the leaf is green to white tomentose.

The flowering period extends from May to June. Three to twelve flowers stand together in nodding, gold-like inflorescences . The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx is hairy. The five free petals are up to 3 millimeters long, light pink to almost white. There are three to five styluses available.

The apple fruits are round with a diameter of 7 to 8 millimeters, brick-red when ripe, densely tomentose and usually contain three, rarely up to five seeds.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 68, less often 51 or approx. 85.

Occurrence

The main distribution area of ​​the Filz-Steinmispel is in the eastern Mediterranean area , in the Eastern Alps and in Southeast Europe . The felt loquat occurs in northern Spain in the Pyrenees , in France and Italy in the Alps , in the Jura , in southern Germany , in south-eastern Europe to Greece and in the Carpathians . It occurs rarely and mostly only in small stocks in Central Europe in the southwest Swabian Jura , on the Upper Rhine , in the Kaiserstuhl , in the Vosges , in the Alpine foothills , in the Swiss Jura and in the Limestone Alps .

The felt loquat needs lime-rich or at least basic , shallow , loose and therefore often stony loam or clay soils , but it occasionally also thrives on granite . Above all, it needs warmth and drought in summer; therefore it grows in appropriate climatic locations near bushes and on the edges of dry forests . In the Alps, it hardly rises to altitudes above 2000 meters. In the Allgäu Alps in Bavaria, it climbs up rocks above the Klammhütte below the Salober up to an altitude of 1650 meters. It thrives in societies of the Berberidion association, especially in the association of rock pear bushes ( Cotoneastro-Amelanchieretum ), but also in societies of the Quercion pubescentis-petraeae or Erico-Pinion associations.

Taxonomy

The first publication of Cotoneaster tomentosus was by John Lindley . Synonyms for Cotoneaster tomentosus Lindl. are: Cotoneaster nebrodensis (Guss.) K. Koch , Pyrus nebrodensis Guss. Aiton , Mespilus tomentosa .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 501.
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 108.

Web links

Commons : Loquat stone ( Cotoneaster tomentosus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files