François-Marie d'Aboville
François-Marie d'Aboville (born January 23, 1730 in Brest , † November 1, 1817 in Paris ) was a French général de brigade of the artillery and politician.
His sons were Augustin-Gabriel d'Aboville and Augustin-Marie d'Aboville .
Life
origin
François-Marie d'Aboville is the descendant of an old noble family from Normandy and has many officers in his family. The story of the d'Aboville family begins at the end of the 15th century with Guillaume, Gilles, Jacques, Thomas and Jean d'Aboville from the parish of Gonneville near Valognes .
Bernardin d'Aboville, the father, was provincial commissioner and commander of the artillery of Brest. His father died in the year he was born and was raised by his uncle, the knight and lieutenant general Julien d'Aboville , commander of the artillery of the armies of the Marshal of Saxony .
Military career
He joined the army at the age of 14 and served as an adjutant under his uncle in the battle of Fontenoy (May 11, 1745) and Lauffeld (July 2, 1747) and other places in the War of the Austrian Succession . After he had proven himself as an artillery commander under the command of Marshal d'Armentières during the siege of Munster in 1759 , he successively passed all ranks up to colonel by the end of the Seven Years' War . During the American War of Independence in 1780 he organized the artillery of the French expeditionary force under the Count of Rochambeau . For his achievements during the Battle of Yorktown he was appointed Brigadier of the Artillery on December 5, 1781 and honored with the Military Order of St. Louis . After working as an engineer at the Paris shipyard, he was appointed Maréchal de camp on March 9, 1788 .
In the revolutionary wars
After the outbreak of the French Revolution of 1789, he became a member of the military committee in Paris and reorganized the artillery transport system. On September 7, 1792 he was appointed lieutenant general and artillery leader of the Northern and Ardennes armies. In the Battle of Valmy under General Kellermann , he led the artillery that played a decisive role in the victory. From March 29 to April 28, 1793 he was Chief of Staff of the Moselle Army. The National Convention confirmed his rank as Brigadier General in April 1793, but the subsequent reign of terror made him suspicious of his aristocratic origins. He and his whole family were imprisoned in Soissons . Only the fall of Robespierre on 9th Thermidor brought him back his freedom at the end of July 1794. After his release, he was entrusted with organizing the artillery of the fortresses of Valenciennes , Condé, Landrecies and Le Quesnoy . He inspected the artillery of the fortresses in Belgium and Holland and was then appointed director of the Paris arsenal and president of the Central Committee for Artillery.
After the 18th Brumaire (November 9th, 1799) he was appointed by the First Consul Bonaparte as the first general inspector of all artillery. On September 14, 1802 he became a member of the Senate and later Vice President of the Conservative Party in Besançon . On June 14, 1804, he was appointed Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor. From October 1805 he acted as commander of the Doubs National Guard. On March 26, 1807 he was appointed governor of Brest and on May 26, 1808 appointed baron of the Empire. During the Walcheren expedition of 1809 he acted as the commander of a reserve army that was supposed to protect the port of Antwerp , which was threatened by the British landing . After the fall of Napoleon I, he supported the return of the Bourbons . He died in 1817 and was buried in the Paris cemetery by Père Lachaise .
Honors
- Bearer of the Order of Grand'croix de Saint-Louis
- 1804 Grand Officier of the Legion of Honor
- 1807 Baron of the Empire
- In 1815 he received the hereditary title Pair of France as part of the Restoration
literature
- Georges Six: Dictionnaire Biographique des Généraux & Amiraux Français de la Révolution et de l'Empire (1792–1814), Gaston Saffroy, Paris 1934.
- Louis-Gabriel Michaud: Biography universelle ancienne et moderne : histoire par ordre alphabétique de la vie publique et privée de tous les hommes avec la collaboration de plus de 300 savants et littérateurs français ou étrangers, 1843–1865
Web links
Individual proof
- ^ A b Georges Auteur du texte Six: Dictionnaire biographique des généraux et amiraux français de la Révolution et de l'Empire: 1792-1814. Tome 1 / Georges Six, ...; préf. by le commandant André Lasseray . 1934 ( bnf.fr [accessed October 29, 2019]).
- ↑ Gustave (1863-1923) Auteur du texte Chaix d'Est-Ange: Dictionnaire des familles françaises anciennes ou notables à la fin du XIXe siècle. Animal. A-Att. - 1903 / par C. d'E.-A. [Chaix d'Est-Ange] . 1903 ( bnf.fr [accessed October 29, 2019]).
- ^ François Marie d'Aboville (1730-1817). Retrieved October 29, 2019 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Aboville, François-Marie d ' |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Aboville, François-Marie comte d ' |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French brigadier general of the artillery |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 23, 1730 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Brest |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 1, 1817 |
| Place of death | Paris |