Francesco De Sanctis
Francesco De Sanctis (born March 28, 1817 in Morra Irpina , Avellino province , † December 28, 1883 in Naples ) was an Italian literary historian and critic .
Life
De Sanctis initially studied law , but gave up his studies to devote himself to literature and philosophy. He also studied rhetoric at the famous private school of Marchese Basilio Puoti . After that, after teaching at the military school Scuola Militare Nunziatella in Naples until 1838 , he himself founded a private higher education institution for grammar , rhetoric, aesthetics and philosophy .
De Sanctis earned a reputation as a major critic by lecturing on Homer , Virgil , Dante Alighieri , William Shakespeare and Ludovico Ariosto .
In 1848 he was appointed Secretary General in the Department of Public Education by the Italian Government. At the beginning of the reaction in Italy he fled to Cosenza , was arrested in 1850 and imprisoned for three years in Castel dell'Ovo (Naples). Here he dealt with the study of the German language, translated poems by Friedrich Schiller and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , the history of German poetry in the Middle Ages by Karl Rosenkranz and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's Science of Logic . Dismissed with orders to go to the USA , he fled to Malta and later went to Turin . There he gave lectures on Dante's Divina Comedia .
In 1856 he was appointed professor of aesthetics and Italian literature at the Zurich Polytechnic . In 1860 he was given the portfolio of public education in the Neapolitan and in 1861 in the Ministry of the Kingdom of Italy under Camillo Benso von Cavour and his successor Bettino Ricasoli . In the first Rattazzi cabinet (March 3 to December 8, 1862) Carlo Matteucci took over this office on April 1. De Sanctis returned to Naples, resumed teaching and founded the magazine l'Italia . He repeatedly took part in public life as a member of the left in parliament. He had until December 1878 by March under Benedetto Cairoli of Public Instruction held again the position of a minister, and clothed them a third time under Benedetto Cairoli and Agostino Depretis from November 1879 to the end of the 1880th
According to Thieme-Becker , De Sanctis was buried in the Poggioreale cemetery. The funeral monument was created by Ludovico Romano .
Works (selection)
- Storia della letteratura italiana . 3rd edition. Naples 1879 (2 vol.)
- Saggi critici . 4 ed. 1881.
- Saggio critica sul Petrarca . 1869.
- Nuovi saggi critici . 2nd ed. 1879.
literature
- Attilio Marinari: De Sanctis, Francesco. In: Massimiliano Pavan (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 39: Deodato-DiFalco. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1991, pp. 284-297.
- Antonio Stäuble: Francesco De Sanctis. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . August 24, 2004 , accessed March 15, 2020 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Little Encyclopedia. Encyclios-Verlag, Zurich 1950, Volume 1, p. 348.
- ^ As successor to Pasquale Stanislao Mancini
Web links
- Literature by and about Francesco De Sanctis in the catalog of the German National Library
- Writings by Francesco De Sanctis in the Opac of the Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale
- Standard entry in the Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale
- Entry in the Portale storico of the Camera dei deputati
- Fondazione De Sanctis
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | De Sanctis, Francesco |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian literary historian and critic and politician, member of the Camera dei deputati |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 28, 1817 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Morra Irpina , Avellino Province |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 28, 1883 |
| Place of death | Naples |