Franz Schwarz (sculptor)

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Franz Joseph Schwarz (born May 27, 1841 in Spittelgrund , Bohemia , † October 27, 1911 in Dresden ) was a German-Bohemian sculptor .

Gravestone family Franz Schwarz in the Johannisfriedhof Dresden Tolkewitz

Life

Franz Schwarz was born in Spittelgrund No. 3 near Grottau an der Neisse in northern Bohemia. He was the first son of field gardener Wenzel Schwarz and Anna Bernert. He was baptized in the Roman Catholic Creed in the parish church of St. Bartholomew in Grottau. There were five brothers of the 16 children who had artistic professions. Four were active in the sculpting trade, of which, besides Franz Schwarz, the best-known were Anton Schwarz and Adolf Schwarz . His brother Wenzel Schwarz was a history painter, portrait painter and glass painter. The Bishop of Dresden-Bautzen, her uncle and godfather Franz Bernert , financed and promoted her education and provided for a degree.

Franz Schwarz was married to Antonia Schubert (born 1843). Both had three children and five grandchildren.

He probably came to Dresden in 1860 and studied at the art academy there . He only lived in Flemmingstrasse. 4, from 1874 in Elistenstr. 10 and from 1876 in Elisenstrasse 37 and from 1897 in no. 49 until his death in 1911. In his studio, which also bore his name, there is evidence that his brother Joseph Schwarz also worked with him for a long time. The brothers Anton Schwarz and Adolf Schwarz probably also worked in the same studio at the beginning of their sculpting careers. Later they founded their own studio "Gebrüder Schwarz" or after Anton's death in 1905 only studio "Adolf Schwarz".

Franz Schwarz's final resting place is in the Tolkewitz cemetery in Dresden. It is adorned with one of his works, Mary and Child.

Act

Alongside his brothers Adolf & Anton Schwarz, Franz Schwarz was one of the influential local sculptors from Bohemia in the second half of the 19th century. His works were widespread in Germany and the Czech Republic. Some plants made it to England, Latvia & Russia. His best works often dealt with religious motifs.

His sculptural career certainly began with the group of figures Vier Tageszeiten for the outside staircase of the Brühl Terrace based on a design by Johannes Schilling , whose pupil was Franz Schwarz. The "Four Times of the Day" were awarded 1st prize at the Vienna Art Exhibition in 1869 . In the "Autographs of Saxon Sculptors and Painters" it says about Franz Schwarz, among other things, "He did not model himself, but his work in marble, etc. is very excellent."

There was some cooperation between the Schwarz brothers. For example, some designs for sculptures by Franz Schwarz come from his brother Wenzel Schwarz, who worked as a history painter. The work of the brothers cannot always be clearly assigned, especially since many monuments, sources and documents were lost in the two world wars.

Works until 1869

  • 1868: Four times of the day in Dresden: The sandstone sculptures originally stood on the Brühl Terrace by the main staircase. They were made by Franz Schwarz based on a design by Johannes Schilling. In 1898 the originals were given away to Chemnitz. The transport did not take place until 1908, with which the new bronze casts were then placed in Dresden.
  • 1869: Cholera fountain in Dresden: Significant participation in the restoration and relocation of the cholera fountain in Dresden
  • 1869: Grave monument at Neuer Friedhof Grottau , west wall (already abandoned at the beginning of the 20th century): Figure of Christ giving blessings. Signed Franz Schwarz, Dresden. It is very questionable whether the tomb is still preserved.

Works from 1870

  • 1870: Memorial cross in honor of Princess Amalie, Duchess of Saxony in Dresden Friedrichstadt: This marble crucifix, which is on the right side of the chapel of the old Catholic cemetery, was designed by Franz Schwarz based on a design by Prof. Fritzsche.
  • 1870: Two genii as marble relief for a grave monument, exhibited in 1870 in the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Dresden for the annual art exhibition
  • 1873: Sculptures on the family grave Schmitt cemetery Böhmisch-Aicha : The construction of the family grave of Schmitt (also known as mausoleum ) takes place together with the Trinity Church dominant of the Ceskodubský cemetery. It was built in 1872–73 by the builder Gustav Sachers in Liberec. The sculptural jewelry comes from Franz Schwarz. In the lower recessed part with the outside there is a crypt with coffins, above there is a chapel on a square pudor. There are two stairs with sculptural decoration. The cornice is supported by consoles. The building is finished with an octagonal dome with a lantern topped with a subtle roof in shape. The three sides of the tomb are provided with pillars, the fourth side opposite the entrance towers into the sky. In this wall there is a window with stained glass decoration. On the two opposite sides there is an angel statue and a woman figure decorated with a laurel wreath. On the stairs in front of the entrance is a statue of a seated Madonna with a book in hand and an anchor at her feet. (The same figure is also on the grave of Franz Schwarz in Dresden Tolkewitz.)
  • 1874: Two caryatids : The designs come from Prof. Echtermeyer . The caryatids were set up at the portal of the Neue Gemäldegalarie in Kassel and are still very well preserved.
  • 1875: Bust of JW Goethe and F. Schiller in the Podješted Museum in Böhmisch-Aicha : From the original collection of sculptural works in the Bohemian Forest in the Podješted Museum (Podještedském muze). His work in the service of the Ceskodub factory (ceskodubských továrníku) is associated with these sculptures with the name of Franz Schwarz with Bohemian oak.
  • 1875: Eight sandstone figures for the Villa Hartmann in Dresden Laubegast : The strictly symmetrical villa, the façade of which is made entirely of sandstone, has five axes, with three window axes forming the central projectile. These are additionally emphasized by roof extensions with sandstone figures. The sandstone figures were designed by Prof. Rentzsch and made by the sculptor Franz Schwarz.
  • 1875: Mourners in the old Annenfriedhof Dresden: The motif after Robert Henze was executed here in sandstone for the grave monument of Robert Bernhardt.
  • 1876: Statue Greece: This design comes from Prof. Echtermeyer and is part of the eight ideal figures of the countries practicing arts that he created. It is made of Carrara marble. The statue was originally placed in the stairwell of the Neue Gemäldegalarie in Kassel . It later remained in the depot for a while, but was restored and re-erected with the other state statues in 2014.
  • 1876: Angel of Peace, tomb of the Carl Grohmann family, cemetery of Lindava (Lindenau), OT von Cvikov (Zwickau in Bohemia) : Franz Schwarz made the design of Wenzel Schwarz and Robert Henze in sandstone .
  • 1876: Altar relief "Jesus heals the gouty" in the Lukas Church in Zwickau / Planitz : The Lukas Church itself was designed by Ludwig Gotthilf Möckel . The relief design comes from Oskar Rassau and the execution in French limestone was carried out by Franz Schwarz. It was a gift from the Tithing Association of Niederplanitz.
  • 1879: Mourners : Here the female figure after Robert Henze was executed in white marble (approx. 1.70 m). Until 2010 she was in the Städel family grave (crypt 40) in the Frankfurt main cemetery. When the crypt was cleared in 2010, the head was probably no longer there. The torso of the figure was apparently pushed one tomb further and is now in the tomb of Konstanze Du Fay, b. Lutheroth (crypt 41). Signature on the base "Gebrüder Schwarz, Dresden". Interestingly, there are several versions of the figure. Another is located in Löbau on the family grave of the Rönsch family of textile manufacturers.
  • 1879: Two statues in front of the portal of the Ducal Museum Gotha : The history is shown on the left and the architecture on the right.

Works from 1880

  • 1880: Bust of Mr. Otto Victor I. von Schönburg-Waldenburg : After Hermann Hultzsch . Originally placed in the park, the bust is now in the museum.
  • 1880 to 1882: Reformers sculptures for Halberstadt Cathedral : Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon are located under the south pore and were made by Franz Schwarz from French sandstone.
  • 1881: Genius of Fame in Tübingen: The design comes from Emmerich Andresen (1843–1902), for which he received an award for the best work at the academy. The statue was unveiled on June 30, 1881 in the botanical garden of the University of Tübingen to commemorate Hölderlin.
  • 1881: Mourners (second version) : This second version based on a design by the sculptor Robert Henze adorns the family grave of the Rönsch family of textile manufacturers in the cemetery in Löbau. The first version is from 1879 and was in the Frankfurt main cemetery.
  • 1884: Marble statue of the General Staff Doctor Dr. Stromeyer , Hanover : This 3 m statue was made from a block based on a model by Oskar Rassau .
  • 1885: Christ with cross, tomb of the August Grohmann family, cemetery of Lindava (Lindenau), OT of Cvikov (Zwickau in Bohemia) : Franz Schwarz executed the work in marble. Designed by Heinrich Bäumer .
  • 1888: Christ blessing for the Johanniskirche in Zittau: This statue of Christ created by Franz Schwarz was handed over and consecrated on the Ascension Day in 1888. It was procured on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the rebuilt Evangelical Lutheran St. John's Church (1837–1887). The model was the sculpture by the artist Bertel Thorvaldsens from 1822 for the Frauenkirche in Copenhagen. The inscription on the foundation reads: Come to me! Matth. XI, 28. 1837.1887. Overall, the replica by Franz Schwarz reaches a height of 3.60 m like the original.
  • 1888: Richter grave, Johannisfriedhof Dresden : The grave with the central figure of Christ was executed by Franz Schwarz in Carrara marble. His signature can be found on the lower right edge of the enclosure.

Works from 1890

  • 1890: Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary in Zittau , sculptural equipment by Franz Schwarz:
    • Statue of Maria Immaculata above the main portal: a sculpture made of white sandstone.
    • Statue of Saint Joseph : At the east end of the north aisle there is a statue of Saint Joseph made of limestone. It once belonged to an altar, which was dismantled after the Second Vatican Council .
    • Statue of Mary : On the east wall there is a statue of Mary that once adorned the associated side altar. The statue is made of French limestone and is crowned by a gold-plated crown, which the former parish priest Peter Dluhosch had made as thanks for his time in the parish.
    • Crucifix. "Christ on the Cross": In the interior there is a sandstone altar crucifix above the tabernacle in front of three stained glass windows. It should also be mentioned that his uncle Bishop Franz Bernert laid the foundation stone for the church in 1883 and his brother Wenzel Schwarz created the templates for the three stained glass windows in the choir room.
  • 1890: Grave monument of Bishop Franz Bernert at the Old Catholic Cemetery in Dresden : Franz Schwarz also paid his uncle his last honor by creating his grave monument.
  • 1890: Two reliefs on the Neptune Fountain in Dresden : The fountain was built from 1744 to 1746 by Lorenzo Mattielli based on plans by Zacharias Longuelune . Franz Schwarz restored or renewed the reliefs "Romulus and Remus" (Rome) and "Pyramids and Sphinx" (Egypt) on the pedestals of the Neptune Fountain.
  • 1891: The Schwarz'sche tomb in the Grottau cemetery Tomb for the parents. Presumably no longer available today.
  • 1893: groups of turkeys at the Royal Academy building in Dresden (art academy) : Franz Schwarz created the figure groups "Study according to antiquity" and "Study according to nature", also called groups of putti , in the inner courtyard (eastern ledge) based on designs or plans by the sculptor Ernst Wilhelm Paul .
  • 1894: Maria & Christ in the parish church of St. Bartholomäus zu Grottau: Franz Schwarz created these two sandstone statues of Christ and Maria for his home church St. Bartholomäus zu Grottau. Both are signed "Franz Schwarz - Dresden". The sculptures are still there in 2019 and are in excellent condition.
  • 1894, Figures of Paul and Isaiah St. Pauli Church in Dresden : the two figures to the left and right of the portal were modeled by the sculptor Emil Huber and executed in sandstone by Franz Schwarz. The relief with the seated figure of the blessing Savior was made by his brother Joseph Schwarz.
  • 1904: Figure of Mary with baby Jesus, Johannisfriedhof Dresden : The statue of the Virgin Mary made of limestone holds the baby Jesus in the left arm and the Holy Scriptures in the right hand. The foundation bears the inscription "Faith, Love, Hope" and "Resting place of the Franz Schwarz family" on the base. Since Franz Schwarz's wife died in 1904, the statue was probably erected that year. Franz Schwarz died in 1911 and was also buried here. An identical sculpture was installed on the Schmitt family grave in Böhmisch-Aicha as early as 1873.
  • 1905: Pilgrims in front of the heavenly door in Dresden Loschwitz : The model or the design comes from Prof. Robert Henze from 1887. The sculpture was made for the grave of the painter Eduard Leonhardi from marble on his death in 1905.

Works with an unknown year of origin

  • Year unknown: Two classic neo-Gothic grave monuments Old Grottau cemetery: On the cemetery wall are two grave monuments with the figure of Christ blessing, which is framed by columns and crowned by eyelash gables. The signature FR is on the lower pedestal. Black. The tomb is no longer preserved.
  • Year unknown: Zimmermann crypt - angel figure in the women's cemetery in Zittau : It is the former carpenter crypt. The artist works are still preserved.
  • Year unknown: Angel figure in the cemetery in Reichenau near Zittau: It is the Leupolt-Engemann grave. The angel is made of Carrara marble. One hand holds the robe, the other is scattering roses.
  • Unknown year: Shackled psyche in Kiel : After Emmerich Andresen placed in the Museum Thaulow in Kiel. This was destroyed in an air raid in 1944.
  • Unknown year: Bust of Mr and Mrs Sahrer von Sahr at Dahlen Castle : After Hermann Hultzsch .
  • Year unknown: Christ the Redeemer for the church in Reichenau (today Bogatynia - Poland) : On the tower above the main entrance of the church there is an 18 hundredweight, life-size Christ the Redeemer statue after Thorwaldsen made by Franz Schwarz. It consists of Pirnaic sandstone. At that time the work cost 800 marks. In the same church hangs an oil painting of the Immaculate Conception of Mary by his brother Wenzel Schwarz on the main altar .
  • Unknown year: Death mask of the mother of the Schwarz brothers in the Grottau local history museum : The whereabouts are unknown.

literature

  • "List of larger sculptures executed - monuments in marble and sandstone", Franz Schwarz, Elisen-Strasse 37, created around 1880 for the application of the statue of Jesus in Zittau, 2 pages
  • "List of larger sculptures executed - monuments in marble and sandstone", Franz Schwarz, Elisen-Strasse 47 and 49, around 1893 archived in the Liberec archive (formerly the Grottau local history museum), 3 pages

Web links

Commons : Franz Schwarz (Sculptor)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ SLUB Dresden: Autographs, especially by Saxon sculptors and painters, mainly from the 19th century - Mscr.Dresd.App.299. Retrieved July 7, 2019 .
  2. Personalities | Circle of friends. Retrieved January 13, 2020 .
  3. http://vademecum.soalitomerice.cz/vademecum/permalink?xid=09ddd7cea03b9b8d:4e496e4e:12216bae987:-7c3f&scan=82#scan82
  4. ^ Announcements from the North Bohemian Excursion Club 35 . In: Quarterly magazine for exploring North Bohemia . Leipa 1912, p. 235 .
  5. Archive of the Dresden University of Fine Arts .
  6. ^ Residents' office of the Royal Police Directorate (ed.): Address and business handbook of the Royal Residence and Capital Dresden for the year 1880 . GA Kaufmann's assortment bookstore, Dresden 1880, p. 400 ( digitized version ).
  7. Ingrid Roßki: Saxon newspaper . Our series "Who rests where?" / Today: the Johannisfriedhof on Wehlener Straße. Dresden April 22, 1999.
  8. Book "Old postcards from the area of ​​Grottau and Kratzau", PhDr. František Vydra, 2005, Hostivice, p. 73
  9. ^ Karl F. Kühn: Liberec topography of the historical and art-historical monuments in the Reichenberg district. Brno / Prague / Leipzig / Vienna 1934, pp. XXV, XXVI, 87
  10. ^ SLUB Dresden: Autographs, especially by Saxon sculptors and painters, mainly from the 19th century - Mscr.Dresd.App.299. Retrieved July 7, 2019 .
  11. ^ Daniel Jacob: Sculpture Guide Dresden: From Aphrodite to Zwillingsbrunnen. Freital 2010, ISBN 978-3-942098-05-2 , p. 19.
  12. ^ Sächsische Zeitung, January 25, 1996
  13. ^ Daniel Jacob: Sculpture Guide Dresden: From Aphrodite to Zwillingsbrunnen. Freital 2010, ISBN 978-3-942098-05-2 , p. 19
  14. Dr. Karl F. Kühn: Topography of historical and art-historical monuments in the Reichenberg district (= topography of historical and art-historical monuments in the Czechoslovak Republic. Vol. 51), Rudolf M. Rohrer Verlag, Brünn-Prag-Leipzig-Vienna 1934, p. 102
  15. Information on the cathedral chapter of St. Peter in Bautzen
  16. ^ Catalog of the von der Königl. Academy of Fine Arts in Dresden annually organized art exhibition 1870 - Wikisource. Accessed August 21, 2020 .
  17. Anton Franz Ressel: History of the Liberec District II - Appendix Bohemian Aicha and Bösching . Ed .: Teachers' associations of the city and state district of Reichenberg. tape 1 . Reichenberg 1904, p. 549 .
  18. Anton Franz Ressel: History of the Liberec District II - Appendix Bohemian Aicha and Bösching . Ed .: Teachers' associations of the city and state district of Reichenberg. tape 2 . Reichenberg 1905, p. 691 .
  19. Umelecké sbírky Franze Schmitta a rodiny Blaschku v Ceském Dubu, Lenka Tvrzníková, Vedoucí diplomové práce: doc. PhDr. Marie Mžyková, CSc., 2008, pp. 47 & 67, Link: https://theses.cz/id/1xjsxo/51440-133141010.pdf
  20. ^ SLUB Dresden: Autographs, especially by Saxon sculptors and painters, mainly from the 19th century - Mscr.Dresd.App.299. Retrieved July 7, 2019 .
  21. Umelecké sbírky Franze Schmitta a rodiny Blaschku v Ceském Dubu, Lenka Tvrzníková, Vedoucí diplomové práce: doc. PhDr. Marie Mžyková, CSc., 2008, p. 47, Link: https://theses.cz/id/1xjsxo/51440-133141010.pdf
  22. Five more country figures after restoration in the Neue Galerie. In: New Gallery. May 5, 2014, accessed July 5, 2019 .
  23. Lusatian Mountains - Lindava (accessed on January 9, 2018)
  24. At the Lindenau cemetery. Retrieved January 7, 2020 .
  25. Gabriel Püschmann: The Lukas church at Planitz: the story of a church from 1872 to 2006 . 3. Edition. S. 15, 28 .
  26. Klotz, Hermann: New Saxon Church Gallery - The Ephorie Zwickau . Leipzig, S. 189 ( online ).
  27. ^ "Eduard Robert Henze in Annaberg-Buchholz - His monuments in Annaberg-Buchholz with a provisional catalog raisonné of the sculptures and drawings.", Peter Rochhaus , Wissenschaftlicher Aufsatz, 2014, Grin-Verlag, Munich, p. 26
  28. Crypt 41 - Frankfurt main cemetery. Retrieved July 24, 2019 .
  29. Ernst Hermes: The cathedral at Halberstadt . Luis Koch Verlag, Halberstadt 1896, p. 50 f . ( digital-sammlungen.de ).
  30. http://www.tuepedia.de/wiki/Hölderlin-Denkmal
  31. ^ "Eduard Robert Henze in Annaberg-Buchholz - His monuments in Annaberg-Buchholz with a provisional catalog raisonné of the sculptures and drawings.", Peter Rochhaus, Wissenschaftlicher Aufsatz, 2014, Grin-Verlag, Munich, p. 26
  32. ^ Dresdner Nachrichten . August 22, 1884, p. 3 ( slub-dresden.de ).
  33. ^ Dresdner Nachrichten . August 13, 1885, p. 3 ( slub-dresden.de ).
  34. Lusatian Mountains - Lindava (accessed on January 9, 2018)
  35. At the Lindenau cemetery. Retrieved January 7, 2020 .
  36. ^ Dresdner Nachrichten . December 6, 1887, p. 9 ( slub-dresden.de ).
  37. ^ Sauppe, Moritz Oskar: New Saxon Church Gallery - The Diocese Zittau - The Parish Reichenau . Ed .: Strauch. Leipzig 1904, p. 63 ( slub-dresden.de ).
  38. Hermann Henning: The women's cemetery in Zittau - a hike about it in autumn in 1921 . Ed .: Julius Booch. Werdau 1922, p. 38 .
  39. ^ Ulrich Rosner: St. Johannis Zittau . Ed .: Deutscher Kunstverlag GmbH. 2000, p. 16 .
  40. ^ Thorsten Pietschmann: Zittau - Architecture and Art . Cybela Verlag GmbH, Oybin-Lückendorf 2015, p. 88 .
  41. ^ Freundeskreis der Johanniskirche Zittau, Gerhard Große (Ed.): Sankt Johannis Zittau: A cultural-historical documentation . Graphic workshops Zittau, 2016, p. 88 .
  42. Heinz, Kaden, Lange, Teichmann: Miniatures on the geology of Saxony's geo-communes . Ed .: Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden - Museum of Mineralogy and Geology. 1st edition. Druckhaus Dresden GmbH, Dresden 2009, p. 21 .
  43. September 2015 | Circle of friends. Retrieved January 13, 2020 .
  44. Dr. Siegfried Seifert, Michael Dittrich: The churches of the parish Mariä Visitation Zittau . 1st edition. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89870-386-4 , p. 11 ff .
  45. Local history of the Reichenberg district I, 1904, Anton Ressel, p. 549
  46. Dr. Karl F. Kühn: Topography of the historical and art-historical monuments in the Reichenberg district (=  topography of the historical and art-historical monuments in the Czechoslovak Republic . Volume 51 ). Rudolf M. Rohrer Verlag, Brno-Prague-Leipzig-Vienna 1934, p. 81, 82, 87 .
  47. Latest news . Dresden July 15, 1894, p. 1 ( slub-dresden.de ).
  48. ^ Dresdner Neuste Nachrichten (ed.): Obituary . Dresden March 18, 1904.
  49. ^ Dresdner latest news (ed.): Obituary . Dresden October 28, 1911.
  50. Heinz, Kaden, Lange, Teichmann: Miniatures on the geology of Saxony's geo-communes . Ed .: Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden - Museum of Mineralogy and Geology. 1st edition. Druckhaus Dresden GmbH, Dresden 2009, p. 19 .
  51. January 2020 | Circle of friends. Retrieved January 13, 2020 .
  52. Loschwitz cemetery - history. Retrieved July 7, 2019 .
  53. ^ Photo by Franz Schwarz with a pilgrim sculpture in the studio
  54. Dr. Karl F. Kühn: Topography of the historical and art-historical monuments in the Reichenberg district (= topography of the historical and art-historical monuments in the Czechoslovak Republic. Vol. 51), Rudolf M. Rohrer Verlag, Brünn-Prague-Leipzig-Vienna 1934, p. 99
  55. Hermann Henning: The women's cemetery in Zittau - a hike about it in autumn in 1921 . Ed .: Julius Booch. Werdau 1922, p. 38 .
  56. ^ Sauppe, Moritz Oskar: New Saxon Church Gallery - The Diocese Zittau - The Parish Reichenau . Ed .: Strauch. Leipzig 1904, p. 611, 621 ( slub-dresden.de ).
  57. Ludwig Engelmann: History of Reichenau . Printed and published by Alwin Marx, Buchdruckerei und Zeitungsverlag GmbH, Reichenau, Saxony 1932, p. 698, 701 .
  58. ^ Rudolf Dar: Grenzland Zeitung - The local museum in Grottau . July 25, 1936, p. 9 f .