Gorizia

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Gorizia
municipality Ottrau
Coat of arms of Gorizia
Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ′ 38 "  N , 9 ° 25 ′ 40"  E
Height : 340 m above sea level NN
Area : 9.28 km²
Residents : 370  (Dec. 31, 2006)
Population density : 40 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1972
Postal code : 34633
Area code : 06639

Görzhain is a district of the Ottrau community in the Schwalm-Eder district in Hesse .

geography

Geographical location

Görzhain is located in the eastern part of northern Hesse in the southeast of the Schwalm-Eder district. Its 928 hectare area touches the borders of the Vogelsberg and Hersfeld-Rotenburg districts in the south and east . The village is located at the northwest foot of the Frohnkreuzkopf (approx.  530  m ), the western foothills of the Rimberg ( 591.8  m ). The location of Görzhain belongs with an average of around 340  m above sea level. NN still to the southern foothills of the Knüllgebirge . The Schwalm tributary Grenff rises on the northern flank of the Frohnkreuzkopf , which flows through the village and is the second largest river in the Alt-Kreis Ziegenhain after the Schwalm .

geology

The geological conditions in the area of ​​the Görzhain district can largely be reduced to the red sandstone as the oldest rock formation, tertiary basalts and more recent sediment deposits in the stream valleys with regard to the stratigraphic conditions . Tectonically, the fracture system of the Oberaula-Weißenborner Graben is to be emphasized.

The sediments of the red sandstone are deposits in a shallow sea basin. About 220 million years ago, flat sand fans pushed themselves out from the coast into a shallow lagoon sea. The resulting rocks are mainly sandstones with a clay-pebbly binding agent. The upper stage of the middle red sandstone (building sandstone zone) consists mainly of coarse-grained sandstone banks. Many boundary stones and foundations of Görzhainer half-timbered houses come from this rock, which z. B. in the abandoned quarry below the Frohnkreuzkuppe over several centuries as needed. The less common sediments of the upper red sandstone are partly conspicuous red-orange sandy clays and marls. B. queuing at the forest timber transport route "Obere Rimbergstraße" near the Buchenborn. The subsequent geological sediments of shell limestone are limestone that formed in the shallow water of a drying lagoon landscape separated from the sea . In the area of ​​the municipality of Görzhain, however, these were removed again in later geological ages and are now only in the ditches, e.g. B. at Weißenborn.

Along the grave fractures and fault zones in the Miocene of the Tertiary basaltic nature (some 15 million years ago) in many places igneous rocks penetrated forward and shape next to the red sandstone rocks of the Mesozoic the landscape of the district Görzhain. These are mainly massive columnar basalt deposits, e.g. B. those of the Rimberg , which were also mined in small areas in some places. There are only a few basalt tuffs, e.g. B. in the area of ​​the sports field on the road to Weißenborn. In the dense, dark blue-black basalts of the Rimberg, there are often blasted olivine , rarely augite and feldspar crystals .

flora

The geological conditions also determine the fauna of the forests in the municipality of Görzhain. The forest stands either on weathered soils of the Buntsandstein with medium to good nutrient supply or on significantly more nutrient-rich basalt weathered soils, e.g. B. in the area of ​​the upper Rimberg.

Primarily Luzulo -Buchenwälder falter on the bottoms of colored sandstone. The grove beech forest is species-poor. Only a few plants such as grove, wire Schmiele or speedwell grow on it. In the area of ​​the weathered basalt soils, there is a widespread distribution of woodruff and lilies of the valley bloom in individual places in spring . At the end of March, the daphne blooms in clear locations along the edges of the forest, and orchids as native orchid species on some forest meadows on the Rimberg . The devastated former fallow and sparsely wooded Hutewald areas close to the village were taken back into forest management in the 19th century with spruce and pine trees and have partially replaced the original oak forests.

In the 20th century, more coniferous wood plantings were made with Douglas firs imported from North America . The beech forests on the middle and higher slopes still correspond to the original tree cover, but no longer as original primeval forests, but as machine-managed economic forests.

fauna

While the flora changes only slowly and barely noticeably, the changes in the animal world are sometimes dramatic and easy to follow by an attentive observer. A number of animal species have become rare or even disappeared over the past few decades. Some almost extinct species can also be found again more often.

history

People lived in the high valley on the Rimberg as early as 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. Finds from burial mounds from the Bronze Age are evidence of this. Around 1700 to 1500 BC The Celts immigrated . They were made around 400 BC. Ousted by the chats from this area. In the 4th century AD, the Franks took control of the Chatten. Christianity found its way here in the 8th century.

The first documentary mention of Görzhain is dated October 13, 1304, when "Gerhardishen" was sold to the Immichenhain monastery.

Görzhain is a district of the Ottrau community , which was created on April 1, 1972 as part of the regional reform , to which, in addition to these two villages, Immichenhain, Kleinropperhausen, Schorbach and Weißenborn belong.

Population development

Around 1580 the population was given as 20 families. The village suffered a lot during the Thirty Years' War , but in 1750 29 houses were counted , including a mill . In 1858 there were 247 people in 57 families in Görzhain. Today there are around 100 households with around 370 inhabitants.

Religions

The majority of the population belong to the Evangelical Reformed Church. The remaining part is almost exclusively of the Roman Catholic denomination.

politics

Mayor of Ottrau, to which Görzhain belongs, is Norbert Miltz.

coat of arms

Coat of arms In 1802, place seals were created for the first time in the Electorate of Hesse. The local coat of arms of Görzhain was published in the Hessisches Ortswappenbuch by H. Knodt, Glücksburg, 1956 (305 pages, no ISBN).

Description: In black an overturned silver scythe, crossed with an overturned silver rake, covered with a golden sheaf.

This sphragistically and heraldically impeccable picture shows the GÖRZHAIN GEMEINDS SIEGL 1802. It is part of the series of community seals created by the Ziegenhain Office around 1800, which almost all consistently show scythe, rake and sheaf and are mostly only differentiated by the inscription. This uniform choice and use of the symbols mentioned in the Schwalm region, which are obviously intended to represent the fertility of the Schwalm landscape, shows a uniform will in this - unique in Kurhessen - creation of a community seal. In order to preserve them, ie to continue their emblems in the modern town coat of arms, it proved necessary to rearrange the individual image components. The coats of arms had previously only differed through different inscriptions. This is how similar but individual coats of arms emerged.

Freetime activities

The quiet Grenfftal with its old mills is popular with visitors.

Economy and Infrastructure

DSL has been available in town since September 2008 , but only with the lowest possible bandwidths due to the range.

Sons and daughters of the district

literature

  • Heimatverein Görzhain e. V. (Ed.): Görzhain - Ein Haus- und Heimatbuch. History, stories and poems, songs, pictures and reports from a village at the foot of the Rimberg . (Published on the occasion of the 700th anniversary in 2004).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 412 .

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