Georg Friedrich von Tempelhoff

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Georg Friedrich von Tempelhoff

Georg Friedrich Ludwig Tempelhoff , from 1784 von Tempelhoff (born March 19, 1737 on Gut Trampe near Eberswalde , Barnim district , Brandenburg ; † July 13, 1807 in Berlin ) was a mathematician , military scientist and music writer, royal Prussian lieutenant general , Member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences and the Prussian Academy of the Arts . From 1805 general inspector of all military educational institutions of the Prussian state.

family

His Prussian civil servant family originally came from Mühlenbeck near Bernau ( Mark Brandenburg ) and he was the son of the royal Prussian councilor Georg Samuel Tempelhoff (1711–1775), tenant of the state domains Trampe near Eberswalde and Kossenblatt near Beeskow (today part of Tauche , district of Oder- Spree , Brandenburg), later from Gut Rampitz (now part of Cybinka ) in the Frankfurt (Oder) district , and his first wife, the pastor's daughter Marie Margarethe Thieme (1717–1751).

Tempelhoff married on June 10, 1780 in Berlin Louisa Friederike Charlotte Grunow (born January 16, 1759 in Königsberg , Neumark , † July 9, 1820 in Berlin), the daughter of the mayor and district taker of Königsberg Christian Gottlieb Grunow and Charlotte Louisa Ringmuth.

Tempelhoff was raised to the Prussian nobility on March 20, 1784.

Life

Tempelhoff joined the Prussian army of King Friedrich II as a graduate of the Brandenburg University of Frankfurt and the Friedrich University of Halle in 1756 , took part in the important battles of the Seven Years' War as a simple artilleryman , became an officer in 1759 and began immediately after the war with military-historical , mathematical and astronomical studies. In 1775 he completed his first book on the tactics of the artillery , which was canceled to the satisfaction of King Frederick II, but could not be published for reasons of military secrecy. Georg Friedrich was able to teach mathematics and ballistics for the officers of the Berlin garrison and achieved the rank of captain through his participation in the campaign of 1778/1779 . After returning to the capital Berlin , von Tempelhoff gave lectures on fortress theory to the officers of the residence. His second book from 1781, "Le Bombardier Prussien" , was also classified as a military item . In 1783 he became a major teacher at the Berlin inspection school and was considered Prussia's best artilleryman. King Friedrich II raised Tempelhoff to hereditary nobility in 1784, but refused him admission to the Academy of Sciences. Because of his mathematical and astronomical studies, he was considered one of the scholars of the army.

Under Friedrich Wilhelm II, Tempelhoff received an artillery regiment, the rank of general and now finally the longed-for admission to both Prussian academies in Berlin, that of the sciences and that of the arts. At the same time, the King commissioned him in 1787 to train Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm (1770–1840) and his brother Ludwig (1773–1796) in mathematics and military science. On June 20, 1789, Frederick William II awarded him the order Pour le Mérite through the highest cabinet order . In 1791 von Tempelhoff was appointed director of the newly established artillery academy in Berlin, devoted most of his time to military science research and published his main work, the "History of the Seven Years' War" in six volumes between 1783 and 1801 . He took part in the campaign against France from 1792 to 1794 as head of an artillery regiment, had to give up command on the instructions of King Friedrich Wilhelm II due to open disputes with superiors , but was later replaced by King Friedrich Wilhelm III. rehabilitated, promoted to lieutenant general in 1802 and awarded the Order of the Red and Black Eagle . The king entrusted him with training his brothers, Princes Heinrich (1781–1846) and Wilhelm (1783–1851), in fortification and artillery.

One of the historical merits of Tempelhoff was the effort to get Gerhard von Scharnhorst into the ranks of the Prussian army and his support as his regiment chief in the years from 1801.

His grave in the old garrison cemetery in Berlin-Mitte no longer exists.

literature

Web links

Commons : Georg Friedrich von Tempelhoff  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Knights of the Order Pour le Mérite. Volume 1. Biblio, Osnabrück 1998, page 203, no.107.
personal data
SURNAME Tempelhoff, Georg Friedrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tempelhoff, Georg Friedrich Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian lieutenant general, mathematician, military scientist and music writer
DATE OF BIRTH March 19, 1737
PLACE OF BIRTH Gut Trampe near Eberswalde , Barnim district , Brandenburg
DATE OF DEATH July 13, 1807
Place of death Berlin