Al-Hasakah Governorate
| al-Ḥasaka /الحسكة | |
|---|---|
  |
|
| Basic data | |
| Country | Syria |
| Capital | al-Hasakah |
| surface | 23,334 km² |
| Residents | 1,400,000 (2008) |
| density | 60 inhabitants per km² |
| ISO 3166-2 | SY-HA |
Coordinates: 36 ° 31 ' N , 40 ° 53' E
Al-Hasakah ( Arabic الحسكة, DMG al-Ḥasaka , Kurdish حەسیچە Hesîçe , Aramaic ܓܙܪܬܐ Gozarto ) is a Syrian governorate on the border with Turkey and Iraq with an area of 23,334 km² and a population of around 1.4 million people (2008), consisting mainly of Kurds , Arabs and Arameans / Assyrians . The region glt as breadbasket of Syria.
As a result of the Syrian Civil War , the government no longer exists as an administrative unit of the Syrian state. In April 2017, only parts of the two largest cities, the eponymous city of al-Hasakah and Qamishli , were under the control of government troops . The majority of the region, on the other hand, was under the control of Kurdish People's Defense Units (YPG) until the Turkish invasion in 2019 , for which this area is the canton of Cizîrê of the Federation of Northern Syria - Rojava , which they claim .
history
There are numerous tells in the region , some of which were inhabited from the Stone Age to Roman times. These include Tell Brak , Tell Halaf and, in the very northeast, Hamoukar .
In 1933, 30,000 Assyrian refugees settled on the Chabur River , fleeing from the abducted and attacked by extremists in Iraq. There are two historic churches around and in al-Malkiyye in the far northeast. The Syrian Orthodox Church of the Blessed Virgin, which is considered a pilgrimage site , became famous in 1955 for the miracle of holy water. The Church of the Blessed Virgin in Barabaida is visited as a pilgrimage site by Christian pilgrims on May 15th every year.
Even before the civil war, there was frequent tension between the Kurds living in the governorate and the government's security forces. In March 2004, for example, political unrest broke out in Qamishli and the surrounding area after tumults escalated during a football game between Arab Ba'ath supporters and Kurds.
In the course of the Syrian civil war in 2011, several organizations under the leadership of the Partiya Yekitîya democrat cantons founded in order to govern themselves. The al-Hasakah governorate forms one of the three cantons. The governorate is fought over between the Syrian government , the Kurdish groups and the Islamic State . Kurdish nationalists refer to the governorate as "West Kurdistan" or Rojava and largely ascribed to the ancestral land of the Kurdish region, which the Kurdish opposition in Syria claims for an autonomy similar to the autonomous region of Kurdistan . However, some Arabs fear the emergence of a separate state.
Most important localities and ethnic composition
Sunni Muslims make up around 70–80% of the governorate, of which the proportion of Kurds varies between 40 and 70%, the rest of the Muslim population are Arabs and, to a lesser extent, Turkmen. The Christians make up about 20-30% of the population, predominantly Arameans / Assyrians and Armenians . The capital is al-Hasakah , where Arabs make up the majority of the population. The largest city is Qamishli . The last official census was carried out in 2004, the figures in the following table refer to its results. All figures on ethnic composition and population numbers are controversial. In the 1962 census , for example, 120,000 Syrian Kurds, i.e. around 20% of the Kurdish population of Syria at the time, had their Syrian citizenship revoked. The following table therefore only provides a rough guide to the size of the individual cities.
Districts and Sub-Districts
The governorate is divided into four districts (Mintaqa), each with a different color: al-Malikiyya (yellow), al-Qamishli (blue), Raʾs al-ʿAin (green) and al-Hasakah (red), which in turn are divided into sub-districts ( Nahiya) are divided.
literature
Muhammad Talab Hilal (Head of the Political Department of the Secret Service in Al-Hasakah): Study on the province of Al-Jazeera in national, social and political terms . Translated into German and provided with a foreword by Dr. Gundî Dilberz, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-942735-43-8 . In this study, a Syrian intelligence officer justifies the need for a discriminatory Syrian state policy towards the Kurds.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ acaps.org ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Syria's granary remains empty - SPON
- ↑ Al Arabiya : Karayilan warns Erdogan of invading Syria.
- ↑ acaps.org ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ توزع السكان والمساكن في محافظة دمشق حسب تعداد٢ ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)
- ↑ Stateless Kurds in Syria granted citizenship - CNN.com
Aleppo | Damascus | Darʿā | Deir ez-Zor | Hama | al-Hasakah | Homs | Idlib | Latakia | al-Quneitra | ar-Raqqa | Rif Dimashq | as-Suwaida | Tartus