Buchegg (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Counts of Buchegg.
Second form of the coat of arms of the (barons) von Buchegg.

The Counts of Buchegg were a noble family who exercised the office of landgrave over the Landgraviate of Burgundy in the Swiss Central Plateau for several generations . They had their headquarters in a castle in what is now the municipality of Buchegg in the canton of Solothurn . Their rule included large parts of the Bucheggberg and the adjacent Limpach valley . The three brothers in the last generation of the count's family are remarkable: thanks to Hugo II's connections with the Curia in Avignon, Berthold came to head the Principality of Strasbourg, Matthias became Archbishop and Elector of Mainz. The family died out in the middle of the 14th century.

history

From 1130 onwards, Hugo I von Buchegg appeared in the entourage of the Dukes of Zähringen . The original seat of the family was probably the Teufelsburg ( Rüti near Büren ). For the year 1185, old Buchegg property in Cressier NE is mentioned. This could be an indication that the family had been transferred from western Switzerland to Oberaargau by the Zähringers . The property in the area of ​​their later headquarters on Bucheggberg , a castle on the site of today's Buechischlösslis near Kyburg-Buchegg , did not represent a closed rule and was probably transferred to them by the Zähringers from originally scattered imperial estates. The Counts of Buchegg were castvögte of the St. Ursenstift in Solothurn , which was founded in 932 by the Burgundy queen Berta von Alamannien (* around 907; † after January 2, 966).

The two brothers Arnold and Kuno, part of the Zähringer entourage, were sons of Hugo I. After the dukes died out in 1218, the Buchegg sought a connection to the Count House of Kyburg , as their servant Peter I (mentioned from 1218, † before 1276) around 1253 to around 1255 was mayor of the city of Bern . From the middle of the 13th century, Peter I can be understood as Landgrave of Burgundy . It can only be guessed whether they were previously appointed governor in this office by the Zähringers.

Peter's son Heinrich took over the rule of Balmegg in the area of ​​today's municipality of Balm bei Messen in 1276, mentioned here for the first time, as the successor to the noblemen of Balmegg . For the same year, a parliament is busy, he Landgraf on the Dingstätte Jegenstorf held. Presumably at the instigation of the Habsburgs , Heinrich gave the landgrave office over Burgundy to the Counts of Neu-Kyburg in 1313 . Heinrich was mentioned for the last time in 1316 when he represented his absent son Hugo as mayor in Solothurn. He died as a Teutonic Knight in 1320.

The first of his sons, Count Hugo II, began his career as a knight and in 1301 served King Albrecht I of Habsburg in the Rhineland against the Rhenish electors. In 1306 he took part in the conquest of Bohemia, in 1310 he took part in King Henry VII of Luxembourg's march to Italy , for which he received the imperial customs of the city of Bern as a pledge . Shortly before his death in Pisa in 1313, Henry VII, now emperor, gave him the Solothurn mayor's office as a pledge for further military service. Hugo II then entered the service of the King of Naples, Robert of Anjou , known as the Wise, and took part in the conquest of Genoa in 1316 . With this military service, Hugo II was the first significant traveler from Solothurn. After these campaigns he stayed at the court of Pope John XXII for a long time . in Avignon . This enabled him, as an advocate for his two brothers, to promote their spiritual careers: his first brother Berthold became Prince-Bishop of Strasbourg, his second brother Matthias Archbishop and Elector of Mainz and Imperial Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire. From 1335 Hugo II was a citizen of the city of Bern.

Hugo II von Buchegg died in 1347. With him and his brothers, the Buchegg family of counts went out. Through his sister Johanna von Buchegg the rule of the count's house came to knight Burkhard I. Senn von Münsingen , Herr zu Buchegg. His son of the same name was raised to the baron status by Emperor Charles IV in 1360 . His daughter Elisabeth (III.) Von Buchegg sold the Bucheggberg estate in 1391 - Buchegg Castle itself was burned down by the Counts of Neu-Kyburg in the Burgdorf War in 1383 - together with the castle stables of the Teufelsburg, her father's inheritance, the city of Solothurn. This set up the Bucheggberg Vogtei, which existed until 1798.

With Judenta von Buchegg, the count family also provided one of the abbesses in the Cistercian monastery at Fraubrunnen . She officiated there from 1326 and resigned in 1348.

Bucheg coat of arms in the Zurich coat of arms roll (approx. 1340)

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Counts of Buchegg has come down to us in two versions.

Blazons :

  1. Three red roses in gold stakes. As a crest, a growing man's body in gold with three red roses on stakes, a red cap and a gold faceplate. The helmet covers are red on the outside and gold on the inside.
  2. In red a golden stake, topped with three golden inseminated silver roses with silver sepals. A golden deer antler in the shape of a tens, the ends covered with the same silver roses. The helmet covers are red on the outside and gold on the inside.

The second form of the coat of arms takes the post from the family coat of arms of the Senn von Münsingen, who had a silver post and a silver head in the red shield.

Tribe list

The counts of Buchegg and the barons of Buchegg from the family of the Senn von Münsingen as women.

  1. Hugo I. (el. 1130), Count of Buchegg
    1. Arnold (exp. 1175–1180), Count von Buchegg ( comes de Bovccecca )
      1. Peter I (adult 1218; † 1276), Count von Buchegg, Landgrave of Burgundy (after 1250), Mayor of Bern (1253)
        1. Ulrich (adult 1243–1261), Count von Buchegg
        2. Heinrich (adult 1250; † 14 August 1320), Count von Buchegg, Landgrave of Burgundy ⚭ Adelheid von Neuenburg-Strassberg
          1. Hugo II (adult 1273; † 1347), salaried entrepreneur, mayor of Solothurn ⚭ 1. Margarita Galarda; ⚭ 2. 1337 Margaret of Neuchâtel
          2. Peter II (adult 1273–1288), monk in Murbach
          3. Hartmann (ext. 1273)
          4. Elisabeth (II.) (Adult 1273–1341) ⚭ 1st Baron Ulrich II. Von Aarburg († before 1305); ⚭ 2nd Count Egino II of Freiburg († 1317); ⚭ 3rd? of blades
          5. Berthold (adult 1279; † November 24, 1353 in Molsheim), Knight and Commander of the Teutonic Order , Bishop of Speyer and Strasbourg
          6. Cuno II. (Ext. 1302)
          7. Matthias (adult 1303; † September 9, 1328 in Miltenberg , buried in Mainz Cathedral ), monk and curator in Murbach, provost in Lucerne, Archbishop of Mainz and Imperial Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire
          8. Anastasia (adults 1313–1362) ⚭ Ulrich III. von Signau (adults 1313-1362)
          9. Judenta (adult 1326; † 1348), abbess of Fraubrunnen
          10. Johanna († before March 19, 1338), heir daughter ⚭ Burkhard I. Senn (ext. 1308; † before September 13, 1337), knight, founder of the line of the barons of Buchegg
        3. Elisabeth (I.) (exp. 1250–1302) ⚭ 1. 1276 Freiherr Heinrich von Jegenstorf (exp. 1276); ⚭ 2. 1282 Knight Ulrich I. von Bubenberg (exp. 1267–1293), Schultheiss von Bern; ⚭ 3rd perhaps 1302 Heinrich Schriber von Solothurn
      2. Daughter ⚭ Walfried von Sumiswald
    2.  Cuno I. (adult 1180)

Barons of Buchegg

  1. Burkhard I. Senn von Münsingen (adult 1308; † before September 13, 1337), knight ⚭ Johanna von Buchegg († before March 19, 1338), heiress
    1. Johann II. Senn von Münsingen (approx. 1308; † June 30, 1365 in Basel, buried in the cathedral ).
    2. Konrad II. Senn von Münsingen (adult 1337; † before June 10, 1365), provost of Moutier-Grandval
    3. Burkhard II. Senn von Münsingen (adult 1337; † after June 10, 1365), from 1360 Freiherr von Buchegg ⚭ Agnes von Baden-Hachberg († around 1405), daughter of Margrave Rudolf II. Von Hachberg-Sausenberg (* 1301; † 1352) and Countess Katharina von Thierstein († March 21, 1385)
      1. Elisabeth (III.) Von Buchegg (adult 1365–1418) ⚭ 1. Henmann von Bechburg , (adult 1371; † November 15, 1386 in the battle of Sempach ), knight; ⚭ 2. after 1418 with Hans named Schulthess von Grünenberg (exp. 1406–1418), Junker and "sat in Solothurn"

More people

  • Franz Senn von Münsingen (adult 1364; † 1398), Baron von Buchegg, Commander of Köniz and Beuggen
  • Heinrich von Buchegg, † before November 27, 1380

Significant descendants

Anastasia von Signau, daughter of Anastasia von Buchegg and Ulrich III. von Signau, was married on December 30, 1325 in Burgdorf to Count Eberhard II of Neu-Kyburg (* 1299; † April 17, 1357).

From the second marriage of Elisabeth (I) von Buchegg with Ulrich I von Bubenberg came knight Johannes II the Younger von Bubenberg (* 1291; † 1369/1370), the most important aristocratic mayor in medieval Bern .

literature

  • Jakob Käser: The old Twing manor castles and news from the old Twing mansions . In: Topographical, historical and statistical representation of the village and district of Melchnau in its relationship to the past, present and future . J. Konrad, Langenthal 1855, Chapter XIII, p. 183 to 194 ( online [accessed October 20, 2015] with two lithographic explanatory panels).
  • Ambros Kocher: Solothurn document book . First vol. 762-1245. State Chancellery of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1952, family table 3.
  • Max Jufer: The noble families of Oberaargau . In: Yearbook of the Oberaargau . tape 6 . Merkur Druck AG, Langenthal 1963, p. 39 to 61 ( online [PDF; accessed October 20, 2015]).
  • Max Jufer: The barons of Langenstein-Grünenberg . In: Yearbook of the Oberaargau . tape 37 . Merkur Druck AG, Langenthal 1994, p. 109 to 214 ( online [PDF; accessed October 20, 2015]).
  • August Plüss: The barons of Grünenberg in Kleinburgund . Inaugural dissertation to obtain a doctorate submitted to the high philosophical faculty of the University of Bern. In: Archives of the Historical Association of the Canton of Bern . Volume XVI, Issue 1. Stämpfli, Bern 1900 ( online [accessed on October 20, 2015]).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Thomas Bitterli-Waldvogel: Castle Map of Switzerland - West . Object description and detailed maps. Ed .: Swiss Castle Association. Federal Office for Topography swisstopo, Wabern 2007, ISBN 978-3-302-09801-2 , p. 42 (coordinates 599 090/221 830).
  2. ↑ Jufer 1994, p. 137; Plüss 1900, p. 33.
  3. ↑ Tina Maurer: Senn von Münsingen. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . Various documents in the Bern State Archives, for example a document dated June 10, 1365 , accessed on July 7, 2010.
  4. ^ Helvetia Sacra, Monasteries and Dioceses, Fraubrunnen and Judenta von Buchegg , accessed on December 14, 2009.
  5. ↑ Hans Bloesch: Book of arms of the civil families of the city of Bern . Ed .: Burgergemeinde Bern. Publishing house Benteli A.-G., Bern 1932 (coat of arms based on the originals by Bernhard von Rodt and Paul Boesch).
  6. ↑ For example, used for Berthold von Buchegg as the quartered coat of arms of the Landkomturen (1311) in the large coat of arms from the 18th century in the choir of the castle church in Altshausen . Bernhard Peter: Gallery: Photos of beautiful old coats of arms No. 344. In: Introduction to heraldry. March 14, 2007, accessed December 10, 2010 (first coat of arms top left). The helmet covers according to Bloesch 1932: Coat of arms are reversed: outside gold, inside red.
  7. ↑ Ludwig von Wurstemberger: Buchegg, the empire-free rule, its counts and barons and the Landgraviate of Little Burgundy processed in a document . Jenni, Bern 1840, p. 160 ( Google Books [accessed December 10, 2010]).
  8. ↑ Kocher 1952: Family table 3.
  9. ↑ Käser 1855: p. 192.
  10. ↑ Certificate for a donation from Margaretha, widow of Heinrich von Buchegg, for the monastery Fraubrunnen. Bern State Archives, November 27, 1380, accessed on October 26, 2011 .
  11. ↑ Plüss 1900: p. 57.

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