Cressier NE

NE is the abbreviation for the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Cressier .

Cressier
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Neuchâtel (NE)
District :	No district division
BFS no. :	6452
Postal code :	2088
UN / LOCODE :	CH CRR
Coordinates :	569416  /  211230 coordinates: 47 ° 3 '5'  N , 7 ° 2 '10 "  O ; CH1903:  569416  /  211230
Height :	436  m above sea level M.
Height range :	429–1066 m above sea level M.
Area :	8.57  km²
Residents:	1887 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	220 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.cressier-ne.ch
Cressier from the Landeron vineyard
Location of the municipality

Cressier is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel . The German name Grissach is hardly used today.

geography

refinery

Cressier is 436  m above sea level. M. , 10 km northeast of the canton capital Neuchâtel (linear distance). The village extends at the southern foot of the Jura , on both sides of the Dorfbach Ruhaut, on the northern edge of the Zih plain between Lake Neuchâtel and Lake Biel .

The area of ​​the 8.6 km² municipal area includes a section of the Zih plain in the southeastern part. The Zihl Canal forms the southern border . From here the area extends northwards over the refinery site and the agricultural plain, in which there is still an arm of the former Zihl. In the north, the area of ​​the municipality extends up the largely wooded southern slope of the Jura (Forêt de l'Eter), which is divided by the notches of the Ruhaut and Mortruz brooks . In a corner, Cressier extends west to the edge of the Chaumont , where at 1070  m above sea level. M. the highest point of the municipality is located. In 1997, 15% of the municipal area was in settlements, 54% in forests and woodland, 29% in agriculture and around 2% was unproductive land.

The hamlet of Frochaux , 627  m above sea level, belongs to Cressier . M. on the southern slopes of the Jura by the Mortruz brook, and some individual farms. The neighboring municipalities of Cressier are Cornaux , Saint-Blaise , Neuchâtel , Enges and Le Landeron in the canton of Neuchâtel and Gals in the canton of Bern .

Historic aerial photo by Werner Friedli from 1965

population

With 1,887 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), Cressier is one of the medium-sized communities in the canton of Neuchâtel. 79.9% of the residents are French-speaking, 5.5% Italian-speaking and 5.2% German-speaking (as of 2000). The population has increased continuously since 1850 (then 607 inhabitants).

politics

The voting shares of the parties in the 2015 National Council election were: FDP 40.1%, SP 21.3%, SVP 15.7%, CVP 7.2%, PdA 5.7%, GPS 5.0%, BDP 2.6 %, glp 1.3%.

economy

Cressier was mainly an agricultural village until the 1960s , but has since developed into an industrial and residential community. Viticulture is of particular importance in agriculture today . In the community area, vines are planted on the slopes above the village. In the years 1964-66, the Cressier refinery was built in the Zih level, which receives the oil via a pipeline from Fos-sur-Mer near Marseille . Some of the tanks are located in the municipality of Cornaux.

traffic

The community has good transport links. It is located on the main road 5 from Biel / Bienne to Neuchâtel and on the A5 motorway . On November 7, 1859, the railway line from Neuchâtel to Le Landeron was opened with a station in Cressier.

history

The first written mention of Cressier took place in 1180 under the name Crisciaco, which goes back to the Gallo-Roman personal name Criscius . The area of ​​Cressier was settled much earlier. 1936-37 a burial mound from the Middle Bronze Age was uncovered near La Baraque on the southern slope of the Jura , which was also used for burials in the Iron Age and contained rich grave goods.

Cressier had belonged to the county of Neuchâtel since the 13th century and was part of the Le Landeron castle bailiwick. In 1449 it concluded a castle rights contract with Solothurn . Under the influence of Solothurn and the local noble family Vallier, Cressier stayed with the Catholic faith during the Reformation and was for a long time a refuge for people who did not want to accept the Reformation. From 1648 Neuchâtel was a principality and from 1707 it was linked to the Kingdom of Prussia through personal union. In 1806 the area was ceded to Napoleon I and came to the Swiss Confederation in the course of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 , whereby the kings of Prussia remained princes of Neuchâtel until 1848 (formal renunciation after the Neuchâtel trade in 1857).

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Cressier NE

The Catholic Church of Saint-Martin was built between 1873 and 1875 in neo-Gothic style on the site of a rosary chapel and contains parts of the interior of the former church of Cressier, which is now integrated into the Jeanjaquet Castle. This was created at the end of the 19th century through the expansion of the former rectory (Cure) . Archaeological investigations from 2014-2016 showed that the former parish church of St. Martin stands on the site of a Roman temple.

The castle of Cressier, flanked by rectangular towers, was built 1610-1616 and is surrounded by a wall. Today the building houses the municipal administration and a school. In the center of the town is the Maison Vallier, which was built in 1572 for Pierre Vallier, governor of Neuchâtel. It has a corner turret and portal and windows in the Renaissance style . Next to it are a stone cross from 1654 and the lion fountain from 1584. In the center of Cressier, numerous patrician houses from the 15th to 18th centuries have been preserved.

Web links

Commons : Cressier (NE)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Cressier (French)
• Hervé Miéville and Germain Hausmann: Cressier (NE). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 . 
2. ^ Election du Conseil National du October 18, 2015, Résultats des partis - Les suffrages. (aspx) (No longer available online.) Chancellerie d'État neuchâtelois, October 18, 2015, archived from the original on November 1, 2015 ; Retrieved October 30, 2016 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ Swisscastles
4. ^ Excavation report University of Lausanne ( Memento of the original from January 9, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.