La Chaux-du-Milieu

La Chaux-du-Milieu
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Neuchâtel (NE)
District :	No district division
BFS no. :	6435
Postal code :	2405
Coordinates :	544 093  /  207370 coordinates: 47 ° 0 '54 "  N , 6 ° 42' 12"  O ; CH1903:  five hundred forty-four thousand and ninety-three  /  207370
Height :	1081  m above sea level M.
Height range :	1036–1298 m above sea level M.
Area :	17.31  km²
Residents:	492 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	28 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.chaux-du-milieu.ch
Location of the municipality

La Chaux-du-Milieu is a municipality in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland .

geography

La Chaux-du-Milieu is 1081  m above sea level. M. , 6 km southwest of the district capital Le Locle (linear distance). The farming village extends in the northeast of the high valley Vallée de la Brévine in the Neuchâtel Jura , at the north foot of the anticlines of the Grand Som Martel .

The area of ​​the 17.3 km² municipal area covers the entire eastern section of the Vallée de la Brévine, which here has a 500 to 1000 m wide flat valley floor. This forms moorland in various places, including the Marais Rouge . In the far east, the communal soil extends to the heights of Petit Calirou ( 1155  m above sea level ) and Grand Som Martel, on which 1300  m above sea level. M. the highest point of La Chaux-du-Milieu is reached. In the south, the area extends to the anticline, which separates the Vallée de la Brévine from the Vallée des Ponts (in the Haut des Joux 1275  m above sea level ). The ridge is partly wooded, partly it is taken up by extensive Jura high pastures with the typical mighty spruce trees , which either stand individually or in groups. In 1997, 3% of the municipal area was accounted for by settlements, 49% for forests and woodlands and 48% for agriculture.

La Chaux-du-Milieu includes the hamlets of Le Cachot de Vent ( 1074  m above sea level ), Le Cachot ( 1073  m above sea level ), Le Cachot de, slightly elevated from west to east on the southern edge of the Vallée de la Brévine Bise ( 1070  m above sea level ), the central town of La Chaux-du-Milieu, La Forge ( 1069  m above sea level ), La Clef d'Or ( 1069  m above sea level ) and Le Quartier ( 1089  m above sea level) . M. ), which lies at the west foot of the Grand Som Martel. There are numerous individual farms scattered across the high valley and over the Jura heights. Neighboring municipalities to La Chaux-du-Milieu are La Brévine , Les Ponts-de-Martel , Le Locle and Le Cerneux-Péquignot .

population

With 492 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), La Chaux-du-Milieu is one of the small communities in the canton of Neuchâtel. 97.7% of the residents are French-speaking, 1.0% German-speaking and 0.5% speak Serbo-Croatian (as of 2000). The population of La Chaux-du-Milieu increased to 954 inhabitants by 1860, after which a strong emigration was registered (only 336 inhabitants in 1970). Since then there has been a slight increase again after the municipality created new building zones.

politics

The voting shares of the parties in the 2015 National Council election were: SVP 27.5%, PdA 21.2%, FDP 20.4%, SP 19.7%, GPS 4.5%, CVP 2.6%, List du vote blanc 1.5%, glp 1.4%, BDP 0.5%.

economy

La Chaux-du-Milieu is still a village dominated by agriculture , with cattle and dairy farming predominating. Cheese production and forestry also have a certain importance. Peat was cut in the Marais Rouge since the 18th century ; In 1991 peat mining was stopped. Towards the end of the 19th century, La Chaux-du-Milieu experienced an economic boom when two watch factories offered numerous jobs and replaced the previously widespread home-based spinning and lace making.

traffic

The community is located off the main thoroughfares on a cantonal road from La Brévine to Le Locle. La Chaux-du-Milieu is connected to the public transport network by the Neuchâtel - Les Ponts-de-Martel - Le Locle and Le Locle - La Brévine postbus lines .

history

The first written mention of the place was in 1310 under the name calvum de Escoblon , derived from the Latin word calvus (bald) . Later names for the place were La Chaux de Cachot and Chaux Baussan . In the early 14th century, the Counts of Neuchâtel lent land in La Chaux-du-Milieu to the residents of Morteau in France , who subsequently reclaimed the area. Settlers from Le Locle also immigrated in the 16th century.

The area of ​​La Chaux-du-Milieu has been under the sovereignty of the County of Neuchâtel since it was first mentioned. From 1648 Neuchâtel was a principality and from 1707 it was linked to the Kingdom of Prussia through personal union. In 1806 the area was ceded to Napoleon I and came to the Swiss Confederation in the course of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 , whereby the kings of Prussia until the Neuchâtel trade in 1857 also remained princes of Neuchâtel. La Chaux-du-Milieu has had its own political municipality since 1825.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in La Chaux-du-Milieu

The church of La Chaux-du-Milieu was consecrated in 1716. Since then, the village, which previously belonged to the parish of Le Locle, has been its own parish. In the village and in the hamlets there are numerous characteristic farmhouses of the Upper Jurassic from the 17th to 19th centuries.

Personalities

• Alphonse Jeannet (1883–1962), geologist and paleontologist

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 . 
2. ^ Election du Conseil National du October 18, 2015, Résultats des partis - Les suffrages. (aspx) (No longer available online.) Chancellerie d'État neuchâtelois, October 18, 2015, archived from the original on November 1, 2015 ; Retrieved October 30, 2016 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  

Web links

Commons : La Chaux-du-Milieu  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of La Chaux-du-Milieu
• Myriam Volorio Perriard: Chaux-du-Milieu, La. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .