Saint-Sulpice NE

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NE is the abbreviation for the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries of the name Saint-Sulpicef .
Saint-Sulpice
Coat of arms of Saint Sulpice
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of NeuchâtelCanton of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel (NE)
District : No district divisionw
Municipality : Val-de-Traversi2
Postal code : 2123
former BFS no. : 6509
Coordinates : 533 364  /  196084 coordinates: 46 ° 54 '45 "  N , 6 ° 33' 50"  O ; CH1903:  533 364  /  196084
Height : 754  m above sea level M.
Area : 13.09  km²
Residents: 644 (December 31, 2007)
Population density : 49 inhabitants per km²
map
Saint-Sulpice NE (Switzerland)
Saint-Sulpice NE
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Parish before the merger on January 1st, 2009

Until December 31, 2008, Saint-Sulpice (NE) was a municipality in the Val-de-Travers district of the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel .

Since January 1, 2009 Saint-Sulpice belongs together with Boveresse , Buttes , Couvet , Fleurier , Les Bayards , Môtiers , Noiraigue and Travers to the newly formed municipality of Val-de-Travers .

geography

Saint-Sulpice lies at 754  m above sea level. M. , 29 kilometers west-southwest of the canton capital Neuchâtel ( linear distance ). The village extends along the Areuse in an almost completely closed valley basin, which has a narrow exit to the east into the Val de Travers , surrounded by the heights of the southwestern Neuchâtel Jura .

The area of ​​the 13.1 km² former municipal area includes the entire basin of Saint-Sulpice, at the western end of which the Areuse ( Source de l'Areuse ) rises in a karst spring (Vauclusetyp). The basin is sunk around 400 m into the surrounding Jura heights. The eastern border runs at the narrow point at the Chapeau de Napoléon viewing platform , where the Areuse leaves the valley and enters the broad Val de Travers. In the south, the communal soil extended to the anticline of the Montagne de Buttes (up to 1184  m above sea level ). To the north, the area extended over open plateaus to the ridge that accompanies the Vallée de la Brévine in the south. In the Bois de la Baume is at 1241  m above sea level. M. reached the highest point of Saint-Sulpice. Especially in the northern former municipal area there are extensive Jura high pastures with the typical mighty spruce trees , which either stand individually or in groups. In 1997, 4% of the municipal area was in settlements, 57% in forests and woodlands, 38% in agriculture and around 1% was unproductive land.

The hamlets of Les Parcs ( 1058  m above sea level ) and La Place Jeannin ( 1170  m above sea level ) on the Jura heights north of the village, as well as some individual farms, belonged to Saint-Sulpice . Neighboring municipalities to Saint-Sulpice were Les Bayards , La Brévine , Boveresse , Fleurier and Buttes .

population

With 644 inhabitants (at the end of 2007), Saint-Sulpice was one of the smaller communities in the canton of Neuchâtel. 90.7% of the residents are French-speaking, 2.7% Italian-speaking and 2.5% German-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Saint-Sulpice rose to 1243 inhabitants by 1900, after which it halved by emigration by 1990 (569 inhabitants), since then a slightly increasing trend has been observed again.

economy

Millstones on the Areuse

Since the end of the Middle Ages , the Areuse's water power has been used by mills, sawmills, tanneries, foundries and forges, which shaped the livelihood structure of the village. There was a Portland cement factory from 1879 to 1945. Mushrooms have been cultivated since 1945 . On the Jura heights, livestock and dairy farming as well as the timber trade dominate. Many workers are now commuters who work in the larger villages of the Val de Travers.

traffic

The former community is well developed in terms of traffic. It is located below the main road from Neuchâtel via the border crossing Les Verrières to Pontarlier in France . This bypasses the village on the northern slope of the valley basin of Saint-Sulpice in order to overcome the steep slope from the valley floor of the Val de Travers to the height at Les Verrières. The railway line from Auvernier to Les Verrières, which opened on July 25, 1860, is also located high above Saint-Sulpice and never had a stop. The village was only connected to the railway network on September 24, 1883 with the inauguration of the Travers - Saint-Sulpice valley line. In the meantime, however, the last section from Fleurier to Saint-Sulpice has been closed and replaced by the bus route from Fleurier to Les Verrières (and in some cases further to Pontarlier).

history

The area of ​​Saint-Sulpice was already settled in the Iron Age. A necropolis with 86 burials was uncovered, which contained rich grave goods. The first written mention of the place was in 1228 under the name Sanctus Surpicius , around 1300 the name Saint Sulpis appears . Until the 14th century, Saint-Sulpice belonged to the Saint-Pierre priory in Môtiers , after which it was subject to the Kastlanei Val-de-Travers until 1848 . During this time, the county of Neuchâtel had sovereignty over the area. From 1648 Neuchâtel was a principality and from 1707 it was linked to the Kingdom of Prussia through personal union. In 1806 the area was ceded to Napoleon I and came to the Swiss Confederation in the course of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 , whereby the kings of Prussia until 1848 (formally until the Neuchâtel trade in 1857) also remained princes of Neuchâtel.

Attractions

The current building of the reformed church with an oval nave dates from 1821. In Saint-Sulpice there is the Ecomusée de la Haute-Areuse, founded in 1994, which deals with the industrial development of the village. The karst spring of the Areuse is a natural attraction .

literature

  • Eric-André Klauser: Saint-Sulpice (NE). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Jean Courvoisier: The art monuments of the canton of Neuchâtel. Volume III: Les districts du Valde-Travers, du Val-de-Ruz, du Locle et de La Chaux-de-Fonds. (=  Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 56). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1968.

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