Great Berkel
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Great Berkel
Spots Aerzen
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| Height : | 79 m |
| Area : | 16.57 km² |
| Residents : | 3168 (Dec. 1, 2019) |
| Population density : | 191 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1973 |
| Postal code : | 31855 |
| Area code : | 05154 |
 Location of Groß Berkel in Aerzen
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Gross Berkel is a district of the borough Aerzen in the Hamelin-Pyrmont district in Lower Saxony .
Geographical location
The place is about seven kilometers southwest of the district town of Hameln, charmingly embedded in the Weserbergland and the Weserbergland Schaumburg-Hameln nature park . To the north of the village lies the Riepen and south of the Todtenberg . The Humme flows through the place from west to east .
history
Place name
Origin of the place name
The place name appears for the first time in domestic documents in the 13th century, later in the 14th and 15th centuries as "Berkele", "Brackell", "Barkel", "Bercle" and today's "Berkel". The spelling was not fixed at the time. The name has remained unchanged since the 16th century.
It is noticeable that the neighboring village of Klein Berkel was originally called “Barchusen”, later “Berkesen” or “Berkensen”. It was not until the beginning of the Thirty Years' War that a description of the land by the Aerzen office mentioned “Lutken Barckell” and “Great Barckell”. The name alignment is probably due to the Reformation or the strictly structured administration of Duke Julius of Braunschweig and Lüneburg .
In the following years one finds the names "Große Barckhel", "Groten Barkel", "Große Berckell" and in Low German: " Grauten Barkel ".
In the 18th and 19th centuries there was also a written form: "Großenberkel". In 1882, the official name “Grossberkel” was introduced for the postal route. After that, variants with a hyphen also appeared: "Groß-Berkel". Finally, today's spelling “ Groß Berkel ” prevailed.
Meaning of the place name
The meaning of the name “Berkel” is difficult to trace today.
It is possible that the name comes from birch trees , which used to be called “Berken” or “Barken”, but the ending “l” can be explained with the “loh” (= light wood), which was then often ground down.
Another possibility is to split the name into “ber” or “bar” and “kel” or “kele”. Then the meaning of the first syllable would be “water” and that of the second “source”, which would then mean “water source”.
One could also equate the syllable “berk” with mountain, so that with the appended “l” (= loh) one comes to “mountain forest”.
Coat of arms
The local coat of arms is adorned with a silver rifle bird with a silver chain and suspension against a red background. There are also two gold crossbars in the coat of arms.
The history of the local coat of arms begins before the Thirty Years War: some villages that were near Weser, Emmer or Humme regularly took part in a joint shooting festival with bird shooting that took place in Lügde . The rules were simple: On the first three days of the festival, the locals were allowed to try to shoot the shooting bird and thus become the shooting king. The profit consisted of a fat ox and the hay from three Hufen Wiesenland or 35 thalers as an alternative. If the bird was not shot by the locals on the first three days, non-residents were allowed to try their luck on a fourth day. A young carpenter from Groß Berkel also tried his luck and actually shot the bird. He won it over to his village. However, it was tied to the obligation that the future had to be celebrated in Groß Berkel. In the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War, the festival could not always be carried out, the presents had to be dropped out of poverty and the surrounding towns could no longer take part.
From 1732 the electoral ruler ordered the ban on all target shooting , as he was of the opinion that the large profits were pure waste and should rather be made available for social purposes of the village community. The bird was then kept locked for a long time, until the Groß Berkler founded a shooting society in 1797 in order to maintain the old customs again.
When Napoleon occupied Groß Berkel in 1806, the rifle king had safely hidden the silver bird. However, after Napoleon's departure in 1813, it could not be found again. A few years passed before the silver bird was finally discovered under a clapboard of a house near the church. Bird shooting was now possible again.
After 1813 the festival received a new component, namely the maneuver. This maneuver mimicked the dispute that had taken place in 1806 at the foot of the Todtenberg between the French and Prussians and was therefore still freshly remembered.
Even in the revolutionary year of 1848 , which was relatively calm in Groß Berkel, something was done for a shooting festival. At the time there were tall poplars in the church square that were turned over and used to build a dance tent on Todtenberg. After the tent was erected, a festival ball was held after the bird shooting. The festival now had three parts. The dance tent certainly gave the villagers the idea of building a massive dance hall in its place in 1870, which was only demolished in 1968.
From 1909 onwards, there was no longer a “classic” shooting festival. The Schützenvogel was no longer given outside, Groß Berkler could always shoot the bird and harvest the hay from the Schützenwiese on Todtenberg. In addition, the rifle king received a shotgun and a cylinder at the turn of the century.
After the First World War , the Schützenverein Groß Berkel e.V. was re-established in 1922 after 125 years of existence of the old shooting club . V.
At the end of the 1920s, the rural communities were no longer allowed to use the Prussian eagle for their municipal official business . However, they did not have their own coat of arms, as they were previously not entitled to do so. In Groß Berkel, the draft was submitted with today's shooting bird and approved by the community. On October 6, 1933, the Prussian State Ministry allowed the rural community of Groß Berkel to use the Schützenvogel as the local coat of arms.
In 1982 the old tradition was revived. For this purpose, bronze replicas of the bird are made every two years on the occasion of the Altdorf Festival, which are awarded to the winner of the competition by the local mayor.
On January 1, 1973, Groß Berkel was incorporated into the Aerzen district.
church
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In the village is the Protestant church of St. Johannis, built in 1777 , which with its 64 m high steeple can be seen from afar.
The name of St. John's Church has its origins in the opening date of 1777 and the first service after the first major renovation in 1909. Both days fell on the 3rd Sunday in Advent - the memorial day of John the Baptist.
Before the new church was built there was the smaller "St. Laurentius Church", which was probably built in 1548. It is likely to have been destroyed in 1647, towards the end of the Thirty Years' War , by a conflagration that struck almost the entire place. The church tower, which still exists today, was built around 1660, so it is a good 100 years older than the nave, which was built in 1777 .
Culture, sights and leisure activities
Altdorf Festival
Established in 1982, the Altdorffest, which takes place every two years, has become an integral part of village life. On two days in summer, numerous events take place in the old town center and around the church. The highlights are the fire drip races on the Humme and bird shooting (see local coat of arms).
The May Hollow
The "Maikuhle" is a popular destination and event location. It is located above Groß Berkel on the southern slope of the Riepen.
education
Groß Berkel has a primary school which is attended by around 230 students. There is also the Evangelical Lutheran. St. Johannis Kindergarten, which is located directly at the St. Johannis Church.
Sports
TSV 05 Groß Berkel is the sports club based in Groß Berkel for all general sports. Groß Berkel has two sports halls and two soccer fields.
The gym
The first sports hall in Groß Berkel, popularly known simply as the “gym”, was built in 1936 as a home for German youth . In 1961, today's elementary school was added, so that despite the new sports hall, it is still an indispensable sports facility in the town.
health
There is a general practitioner and two dentists in Groß Berkel. The Humme pharmacy is also based in Groß Berkel.
power supply
Electrical power
On February 6, 1905, 14 landowners founded the company: Elektrizitätswerk Gr.Berkel GmbH . With the formation of this company, the E-Werk was built on the Humme below Groß Berkel. The E-Werk went into operation on December 25th, 1906, so electrical energy has been available in town ever since. The energy was gained by damming the humms. Two direct current generators were operated with water power , which together had an output of 34 kW.
This type of power supply existed until 1952, when it was connected to the Wesertal power station. Since then, there has been the usual alternating and three-phase current .
gas
The gas supply has been around since the late 1970s. The supply is also provided by E.ON Westfalen Weser AG.
Drinking water
For the drinking water supply , a 300 m³ high tank was built on the Todtenberg in 1957 . This is supplied with drinking water from another elevated tank in the Laatzen district. The water catchment area with its three wells and the control center is in the field market between Groß Berkel and Laatzen. It is marked as a water protection area.
The water supply is currently the responsibility of Aerzen.
sewage
The entire wastewater is fed through several pumping stations, into a wastewater pressure pipe, to the Hameln sewage treatment plant . Before that, Groß Berkel had a sewage treatment plant on the eastern edge of the town until the end of the eighties.
The sewage disposal is also the responsibility of the aerzen area.
traffic
Road traffic
Groß Berkel is located directly on Bundesstrasse 1 . The next motorway is the federal motorway 2 near Rehren.
Rail transport
From 1897 to 1980 Groß Berkel was connected to the SPNV in the direction of Hameln and Bielefeld via the Begatalbahn . Freight traffic was given up in 1985 and the route was dismantled.
The station
With the opening of the Hameln-Lage railway line (warehouse railway) on October 31, 1897, Groß Berkel finally got its own railway connection. At that time, the station itself was probably just a simple stop with a reception building, a toilet - both Prussian prototypes - and a siding with a loading ramp. It is not known when exactly the extension to the station took place. However, major reconstruction work was carried out in the track field as early as 1912: the loading ramp, which was initially located at the eastern end of the station, was relocated to the western end of the station. Two sidings, one of which even has a second platform, and two new loading tracks (tracks 2, 4, 5 and 6) were also laid. Several pairs of turnouts were also changed.
The next change in the track field took place with the straightening of the barrier curve at Reichsstraße 1 , only around 1935. This gave the street its original and current guidance. In the years after the Second World War, track 2 was removed. Track 3 was also removed by 1976. In 1973 the waiting room was torn down from the reception building due to its disrepair.
With the closure of passenger traffic on September 27, 1980, the other track systems became more and more redundant. Finally, in the autumn of 1985, the entire track dismantling between Hameln and Aerzen took place. This ended the history of the railroad in Groß Berkel after 83 years.
The former reception building, which was recently very dilapidated, has been privately owned since 1985 - and has now been wonderfully renovated. The rest of the station area was built over with a new road and the old route can only be seen in a few places in the village.
Air traffic
The nearest airports are Hannover-Langenhagen Airport and Paderborn-Lippstadt Airport .
Infrastructure
Earth station
The fourth largest earth station in Germany was opened outside of Groß Berkel in 1990 . It can be seen from afar with its three 15-meter- long and three other nine to eleven-meter- long parabolic antennas . After it was opened by the Deutsche Bundespost , the operating company has been changing regularly for several years. It is currently operated by CET Teleport .
Laatzen NATO station
In the period from 1964 to 1995 there was a missile defense station above the Laatzen district, which was set up by NATO and assigned to the Dutch Air Force. During the Cold War, NATO wanted to protect itself against a missile attack from the Warsaw Pact. The HAWK weapon system from the USA was used.
The site has been fallow since 1995 and is used as a training area for helicopter landings by the German Armed Forces.
Road maintenance
Until 1999, a road maintenance department was housed in Groß Berkel , which belonged to the Hameln road construction authority. After its dissolution, its line inventory was divided up to the road maintenance depots in Hameln and Rinteln.
Established businesses
The following companies have their headquarters in Groß Berkel:
- Lenze SE , a global manufacturer of drive and automation technology .
- Gruse Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. KG, Germany's largest manufacturer of lifting tables and full-service machine builder. Former manufacturer of agricultural machinery.
- Kendrion (Aerzen) GmbH, manufacturer of electromagnetic clutches and brakes and magnetic particle clutches and brakes.
Picture gallery
Opening of the first KVG bus line in Ostlandstrasse
The St. John's Kindergarten in the old school building by the church
DGB protest march on May 1st in Dorfstrasse
Former station building - today converted into a residential building (street side)
Older view, from the slope of the Riepen, of the settlement on the freedom
On October 16, 1999, the church tower received a new church tower ball including a weather vane
In 1958 , a lot of manual labor was still required during the harvest, despite the mower binder . The picture was taken in the "tub" between Laatzen and Groß Berkel
literature
- Irmgard Wyrwa: Groß Berkel - A village introduces itself . 1st edition. Published by Flecken Aerzen, Groß Berkel 1993.
- Reinhard Leder: 200 years of St. John's Church in Groß Berkel - 1777-1977 . 1st edition. Published by the parish of Groß Berkel, Groß Berkel 1977.
- Günter Graumann: In small offices and town halls - A handbook of communal self-government in the Hameln-Pyrmont district - 1945 to 1972, Volume 1 . 1st edition. Published by the district of Hameln-Pyrmont, Hameln 1988.
- Wolfgang Halle: A railway line through Lippe . 2nd Edition. Self-published, Lemgo 2008.
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 194 .
Web links
Aerzen (core town) | Boldenkoven | Dehmke | Dehmkerbrock | Harrow | Flakenholz | Gellersen | Semolina | Great Berkel | Groupenhagen | Herkendorf | Königsförde | Laatzen | Multhöpen | Reher | Reinerbeck | Schevelstein | Selxen