Philippseck mine
| Philippseck | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| other names | Münsterbergkh, lead pound | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | before 1459 | ||
| End of operation | 1930s | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Silver, copper, lead | ||
| Silver, copper, lead | |||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 50 ° 23 '6.1 " N , 8 ° 37' 3" E | ||
|
|||
| Location | Muenster | ||
| local community | Butzbach | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Wetteraukreis | ||
| country | State of Hesse | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
The Philippseck mine (also known as the Münsterbergkh or Bleikaute mine ) was a silver , copper and lead mine near Münster on the eastern edge of the Taunus . Mainly galena , copper pyrites and tennantite were mined . After the neighboring Silbersegen mine, it was one of the most important mines in the East Taunus region. It existed before 1459 and was finally shut down in the 1930s after long breaks in operation.
history
Flowering into the 16th century
The mine was already in operation before 1459. In 1517 gave the Countess Anna the "Münsterbergkh" a union consisting of "Pastor Johann Weissze from Osterburken, the mayor Gernant Schwankhern from Butzbach , Michael Kythusen from bleaching Gerlachen , Erhart Weniprenner from Strasbourg , Johann Schmalkalder of Marburg , a man named Mollerhenn from Niederweisel and to Vogtin Bornner from Osthofen near Worms ”. The union was already doing civil engineering work and around 1572 a smelter near Münster belonging to the mine was documented, which had been built by Wolf Wenix.
New beginning in the 17th century
Over the next 40 years, the mining operation was temporarily shut down and the smelter was converted into a mill. Not until 1616 is there new information: Under the Landgrave Philip III. As the mine owner, Hans Münch from Frankenberg asks to restart operations. There is already another interested party for the presumed rich copper deposits: Caspar Fischer from Weilmünster . Landgrave Moritz supports the resumption and offers to send the former Steiger Hans Rudolf von den Richelsdorfer Gruben at Iba as support. After consulting with Count Ludwig von Leiningen , Landgrave Philipp III. from 1625 the driving of a tunnel in a southerly direction in order to reach the old shaft and thus to master the constantly penetrating water masses.
In 1627, samples of the mined ores were brought to Clausthal to be analyzed by the recognized chief miner Illing. He certified a good quality. These positive results motivated the mine owner Landgrave Philipp III. for further investigation. Further ore samples were taken and brought to Kassel by the Countess von Waldeck . The ore analysis is so positive that it must be assumed that the ore samples were tampered with during transport. Landgrave Philip III. therefore ordered that special care should be taken with all ore transports so that no ores are removed or added on the way. The great importance of the Philippseck mine for Landgrave Philipp II can also be seen from a gilded plaque in Philippseck Castle, which hung in the castle at least until 1737:
“In the thousand six hundred and twenty fifth year,
Landgrave Philipps of Hesse took
the Gehberg, bawt Philippseck
to the plague escape house and to the mine.
God graciously protect and protect
your princely grace this house from danger. "
Activity in the 18th century
The mine consisted of a tunnel with a day shaft and two light holes . There were also shafts independent of the tunnel. A mine crack from 1719 documents the situation of the mine, which has already been closed again. This plan of the pit is the oldest surviving mine plan from Hesse, only the rather pictorial representation of the Silbersegen pit from 1544 is older .
The original text describing the historical mine plan is as follows:
- A is of the stud horizontal or sole amassed and against the passage through the cross rock 118-1 / 8 Lachter 3 inches been driven to below the shaft D, the Alwo Segertruße or perpendicularlinie 12-1 / 2 Lachter is 8 inches.
- B Here the first light hole was on the tunnel, the perpendicular line is 5-6 / 8 holes 5 inches. The distance from point A is 55 laughs.
- C Was the 2nd light hole, the perpendicular line of which up to the tunnel can bear 9-1 / 4 laughs 1 inch. From A to here 83-1 / 8 laughs 2 inches.
- D If one day there was a shaft on which the tunnel was directed, and so that it was completely submerged , it is 12-1 / 2 laughs 8 inches deep. It is also the punctal, where the tunnel comes to the passage and brings in its greatest depth, the distance from point A to here is as already thought above, 118-1 / 8 laughs 3 inches.
- E If there is still a day and delivery shaft, which has also been sunk into the corridor, it is at the same depth as shaft D. The distance is 24 pools.
- F The 3rd shaft, so in a straight line with the shafts D and E in the corridor, but by appearance it has not been sunk by then.
- G If this is the 4th shaft, then it is 20 puddles further than the previous shaft in the hanging wall, and so it appears to have not been lowered down to the corridor.
- H Is the dasigen vintage painting , from evening to morning, with the hour of Compasses 8am. Has its going out around midnight, the fall around noon.
- I Is the Linea Hpothenussa or the actual ascent of the mountain from point A to D.
In 1767 the pit was re-lent, "Cabinet Secretary Schwanitz and Stallmeister Susewindt" probably served as the front man for the Prince of Braunfels . A new shaft was down to 40 meters drilled . This mining attempt was soon abandoned because of the heavily clogging water masses.
It was only 13 years later that a new attempt at dismantling was known; Bankhaus Bethmann had a tunnel driven forward that reached a depth of 17.5 m.
Industrialization in the 19th century
In 1838 it was taken over by the German Mining Co. under Henry Mancur. The mine was lent under the name Bleikaute, but the operation was given up again in 1839. After two years of downtime, the mine was lent to Chief Forester Rau from Cleeberg , who was less interested in the ores and more in stealing the pit wood.
In the following decades there were several attempts to resume mining, for example in 1865 by Mr. Vermesser Burk from Butzbach , who cleared the old tunnels and sunk a new weather shaft . In 1884 larger parts of the mine collapsed.
Task in the 1930s
There were further explorations in 1908, 1923 and in the 1930s as part of the National Socialists' attempts at autonomy .
Nowadays only the remains of heaps point to more than 500 years of mining history. Mine buildings are no longer preserved. The only structural witness of the mining past is the mountain church in Münster, which was built from 1628 to 1632 under the influence of Landgrave Philipp III. originated. The original church building consists of the rectangular choir building with a small tower, the nave dates from 1832.
Pit building
Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap
The pit had a 236 m long tunnel that was built in 1625 and was supplied with air through two light holes ( location , location ). There were three crosscuts in the tunnel . Stollenmund : location
Over the centuries 10 shafts were created:
- Main shaft 1517 about 25 m depth layer
- In 1628 a production shaft Lage and two test shafts Lage , Lage
- 1880 the Braunfelser Schacht Lage ,
- 1838 the Mancur shaft location
- 1862 the Burk Schacht location
- 1865 the old shaft location ,
- After 1900 then two more shafts location , location ,
Individual evidence
- ↑ Philipp Engel Klipstein (Ed.): Mineralogical letters - third piece . Krieger, Giessen 1779, p. 179 - 184 (p. 45 ff. in digitized version) ( digitized version [accessed on November 20, 2016]).
- ^ A b c Rainer Slotta: Technical monuments in the Federal Republic of Germany . tape 4 /1 (1983) and 4/2 (1985). German Mining Museum, Bochum, ISBN 3-921533-25-2 , p. 391 .
- ↑ a b c Carl Köbrich: Hessian ore deposits. 1. The non-ferrous ores . Darmstadt 1936, p. Plate 8 .
- ↑ a b c Irmgard Färber: The Philippseck mine near Butzbach / Münster . Ed .: Geo-Zentrum Taunus / Wetterau - The geological working group Bad Homburg. Bad Homburg 1990, p. Annex 2 .
- ^ A b c Rainer Slotta: Technical monuments in the Federal Republic . tape 4 /1 (1983) and 4/2 (1985). German Mining Museum, Bochum, ISBN 3-921533-25-2 , p. 392 .