Gustav Marchet

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Gustav Marchet

Gustav Marchet (born May 29, 1846 in Baden near Vienna , † April 27, 1916 in Schlackenwerth , Bohemia ) was a politician and legal scholar in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy.

Life

Marchet was born in Baden near Vienna in 1846 as the son of a pharmacist. After completing high school in Kremsmünster , he studied law at the Universities of Graz and Vienna. In 1869 he joined the Lower Austrian Lieutenancy as an intern (see Landeschef (Austria-Hungary) ) and taught economics and law at the Mariabrunn Forest Academy near Vienna.

In 1875 he was appointed associate professor at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna, to which he had been a member since it was founded in 1872, and in 1883 professor for administrative and agricultural law. In 1884/1885, 1892/1893 and 1905/1906 he was rector of the university.

Gustav Marchet's political career, who in the first years of his political activity was committed to the socially committed wing of the old liberal and upper-class dominated party of the " United German Left ", began in 1891 with the election to the House of Representatives of the Reichsrat , which he held from 1891 to 1897 and belonged from 1901 to 1906. When this party lost influence and the " German Progressive Party " was formed in the crown lands in 1896 , Marchet was entrusted with the leadership of the new party in Lower Austria. Marchet lived in Vienna in 1907 in the 3rd district, Jacquingasse 4, where he appeared until his death in 1916.

When the Imperial and Royal Beck Ministry (that was the name of the entire government at the time) was formed on June 2, 1906, Emperor Franz Joseph I appointed Marchet as Minister of Culture and Education. In the almost two and a half years in which he held the ministerial office, he developed a lively activity. He introduced the Realgymnasium as a middle school with equal rights to the grammar school (today: higher educational institution) and made it easier for the school leaving examination and performance assessment. During this time, the Conservatory was nationalized and he was its curator until his death. Under his ministry, the Ministry of Education bought Gustav Klimt's painting The Kiss in 1908 , which is still the showpiece of the Belvedere .

On November 7, 1908, Minister-President Freiherr von Beck presented the Kaiser with the resignation unanimously decided by the cabinet; the monarch accepted. As a Tyrolean newspaper reported, according to Christian social party correspondence, Gustav Marchet's behavior in university issues (in particular the aftermath of the so-called Wahrmund affair ) was also the decisive factor in this step. Marchet had not clearly positioned itself and was therefore criticized by Christian socials. In the same year the Kaiser appointed Marchet a member of the manor house of the Imperial Council .

Gustav Marchet was a man of many interests. He wrote several papers with legal and agricultural policy content. He was an honorary citizen of several cities, such as Baden or Gottschee , honorary professor of the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, leading member of the Grillparzer Society and the Goethe Society , member of the Society of Friends of Music in Vienna and a senior official of the Urania educational institute in Vienna. He died of a stroke that happened to him while hunting black grouse. He would have turned 70 on May 29, 1916. (Franz Joseph I died in November 1916)

His daughter Ludovica Hainisch-Marchet ran as a non-party candidate for the office of Federal President of Austria in 1951 and was the first woman to apply for this office.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lothar Höbelt in: Kornblume und Kaiseradler. The German Freedom Parties in Old Austria, 1882–1916 , p. 121.
  2. ^ Lehmann, 1907 edition, Volume 2, p. 668
  3. ^ The resignation of the Beck cabinet. In:  Innsbrucker Nachrichten , November 9, 1908, p. 1 (online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / ibn

Fonts (selection)

  • The task of commercial legislation . 1877
  • Via Agricultural Credit . 1878
  • Studies on the development of administrative theory in Germany from the second half of the 17th century to the end of the 18th century . 1885 ( digitized version )
  • The right of the farmer . 1890
  • The provision of war invalids and their survivors , in: Pamphlets for Austria-Hungarian awakening . 1915

Literature (selection)

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Marchet, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian politician and legal scholar
DATE OF BIRTH May 29, 1846
PLACE OF BIRTH Baden near Vienna
DATE OF DEATH April 27, 1916
Place of death Schlackenwerth , Bohemia