Franz Klein (politician)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Franz Klein, around 1919
Franz Klein, bust in the arcade courtyard of the University of Vienna

Franz Klein (born April 24, 1854 in Vienna , Austrian Empire ; † April 6, 1926 there ) was an Austrian lawyer, university professor and politician.

Life

Franz Klein was the son of the trained goldsmith and silversmith Karl Klein (1804–1868), who later worked as an appraiser in the Imperial and Royal Versatzamt , and the carpenter's daughter Theresia Ipold (1825–1905). His education took place in elementary schools in Josefstadt ( Strozzigrund ), in Rodaun and in Neubaugasse . He completed the first four high school classes in the Schottengymnasium , where he was excluded because of a student prank (throwing inkwells at the end of school). Then he attended the academic high school . Classmates ( Matura July 3, 1872) included the later Prime Minister Max Vladimir Beck , the Finance Minister Robert Meyer and the first President of the Czechoslovak Republic Thomas Masaryk . Franz Klein studied law at the University of Vienna from 1872 and was awarded a Dr. iur. PhD. During his studies in 1872 he became a member of the Braune Arminia Vienna fraternity . He worked from 1878 to 1886 as a trainee and passed the judge's examination in 1879 and the lawyer examination in 1883. He completed his habilitation at the University of Vienna in Austrian civil procedural law and in 1891 also in Roman law . From 1885 to 1891 he was the office director at the University of Vienna and from 1887 to 1896 he taught civil procedure, commercial and bill of exchange law as an associate professor at the Consular Academy .

Franz Klein's grave

In 1891 he was appointed to the Ministry of Justice on the basis of his treatises in the legal papers of 1890 "Pro futuro, considerations on plans for civil process reform in Austria" at the suggestion of Emil Steinbach , where he was entrusted with drafting the draft laws for the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) and is accordingly Creator of this law still valid today. Klein saw the civil process not only as a dispute between two private individuals over civil law obligations, but also saw the emergence of a civil process as a social evil that could be quickly eliminated with negative effects on the economy, which is why the process had to be simple, quick and cheap. With his reform, the length of the process due to the written nature of the process was significantly shortened and thus also accessible to parties who could not afford long processes and high legal fees.

In addition to his civil servant career - Section Council (1893), Ministerial Council (1894), Section Head (1895), Real Privy Councilor (1897), Official of the III. Rank class (1900) - he continued his scientific work and was appointed to the manor house in 1905 . Between 1906 and 1908 and in 1916 he was Minister of Justice after he had refused an appointment in 1897. Klein also drafted the Court Organization Act and a Trade Court Act and contributed to the introduction of universal suffrage, the creation of the Building Law Act and modern laws in the areas of youth welfare and youth protection and in the field of commercial law (Check Act, Ges. Mb H. Act) .

After the collapse of the monarchy in 1919, he was a candidate for the bourgeois-democratic party, but missed a mandate by 60 votes. In the same year he became State Secretary of the Foreign Office and was a member of the Austrian peace delegation at the peace negotiations in Saint-Germain .

Klein always advocated an increase in popular education and a positive development of society and the state. He headed the Vienna international university courses, supported the Austrian anti- duel league and other non-profit, artistic or scientific associations.

He rests in a grave of honor in the Vienna Central Cemetery (group 32 C, number 7), the grave monument was created by Otto Hofner .

Works

  • Lectures on the practice of the civil process . Manz, Vienna 1900.
  • With Heinrich Lammasch : The improvement of the protection of honor. Report on the constituent general assembly and status for the honorary council . Manz, Vienna 1903.
  • The recent developments in the constitution and law of the public limited company . Manz, Vienna 1904.
  • The organizational nature of the present . Vahlen, Vienna 1913.
  • The Hague Decisions on the Uniform Check Law . Guttentag, Berlin 1914.
  • America and the European War . Manz, Vienna 1915.
  • Speeches, lectures, essays, letters . Two volumes. Manz, Vienna 1927.

Honors

Memorial plaque for Franz Klein in the community building named after him in Simmering
Commemorative medal for Franz Klein's 60th birthday, designed by Stefan Schwartz

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Peter G. Mayr: Franz Klein's school days between 1859 and 1872. In: Wiener Geschichtsblätter. Published by the Association for the History of the City of Vienna. ISSN  0043-5317 . 64th year 2009, issue 4, pages 31–60.
  2. ↑ Mayr, Schulzeit, page 44.
  3. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 3: I-L. Winter, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-8253-0865-0 , pp. 101-102.
  4. ↑ Lewisch in Lewisch / Rechberger (ed.), 100 years ZPO (1997) 97ff
personal data
SURNAME Klein, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian lawyer, politician and minister
DATE OF BIRTH April 24, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH April 6, 1926
Place of death Vienna