HMS Ocean (L12)
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The HMS Ocean (L12) entered service in 1998 as the first of a new generation of amphibious assault ships for the British Navy . It was officially classified as a helicopter carrier (LPH), but could also be used as an aircraft carrier for vertical takeoffs. Her successor in the Royal Navy will be the HMS Prince of Wales (R09)
The ship was decommissioned in late March 2018 and sold to Brazil in February 2018 for £ 84 million. The Marinha do Brasil introduced the PHM Atlantico (A140) end of June 2018 still in England as a replacement of NAe São Paulo into service. Her home port is Rio de Janeiro .
construction
The ship's hull is based on the design of the Invincible- class aircraft carriers . A hangar for up to twelve helicopters or ten planes is located under the continuous flight deck . A total of up to 22 helicopters can be carried, depending on the type of helicopter used, with 18 usually being carried. The ship also has four LCVP landing craft that can be loaded via a ramp at the stern. Unlike Docklandungsschiffen (LPD) it has no Welldeck or LCUs .
The peculiarity of the Ocean is the construction, which is largely carried out according to civil standards. In this way, cost her construction little more than that of a frigate of the Duke class . In addition, it requires around 50 percent less crew compared to other carrier ships. However, it turned out to be disadvantageous that, for reasons of cost, civil technology was integrated into the ship which had not been sufficiently tested and modified for military use. After commissioning, this led to significantly increased costs for maintenance and repair.
history
The Ocean was commissioned in 1993 from Vickers Shipbuilding Ltd., which is now part of BAE Systems , and was built in Barrow-in-Furness , northwest England. After just 15 months of construction, it was launched in 1995. After a three-year trial period, it was put into service in September 1998. On her first mission, she provided humanitarian aid in November of the same year in Honduras , which was devastated by Hurricane Mitch . The following year she supported the landing of British troops in the context of the Kosovo war ; then she provided help after a severe earthquake in Turkey . She was in the Indian Ocean in February 2000 when Mozambique was hit by severe flooding. The Ocean supported the removal of people from the flood areas and the supply of relief supplies. In May of the same year she coordinated the evacuation of foreigners from Sierra Leone and the landing of British troops to secure the capital Freetown as part of "Operation Palliser" .
In March 2002 it replaced the HMS Illustrious as the flagship of "Operation Veritas" in the Indian Ocean and served as a base for the Royal Marines and the Special Air Service in their operations in Afghanistan . In 2003 the Ocean was sent to the Persian Gulf as part of the HMS Ark Royal aircraft carrier association . During the Iraq war it operated as a base for the Royal Marines when they landed in southern Iraq.
In June 2004, successful tests with the then new British attack helicopter WAH-64 Apache took place on the Ocean . It was the first time an Apache had been used from a ship. In early 2005, at the Ocean made some modifications in order in the future not only transport but also the use of up to 15 Harrier - combat aircraft to allow. However, due to the lack of ski jumps , such as those used by the Invincible- class aircraft carriers, the aircraft can only take off with light armament. The reason for the conversion was that the aircraft carrier HMS Invincible was retired in the same year and the Ocean should be available as an auxiliary aircraft carrier in an emergency. The first major overhaul of the ship took place in Devonport from September 2007 to September 2008.
In October 2010, following the publication of the new white paper ( Strategic Defense and Security Review 2010 ), the Ocean was threatened with short-term decommissioning ; in December of the same year, however, it was announced that the ship would remain in service as a helicopter carrier until further notice.
On May 4, 2012, the Ocean moored in Greenwich (London) to take part in safety drills. During the 2012 Olympics she served a. a. as a helicopter landing pad, logistics base and accommodation for 800 soldiers.
Marinha do Brasil
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On November 24, 2015, the British Ministry of Defense announced that it would be decommissioned in March 2018 or sold to the Brazilian Navy . The price is around £ 84 million. On February 19, 2018, the purchase agreement was signed in Plymouth . On March 27, 2018, the Ocean was decommissioned in Plymouth and put into service by the Brazilian Navy on June 29, 2018. The ship was named PHeM Atlantico with the identification A140. The ship will be stationed in the Arsenal do Rio de Janeiro (AMRJ).
See also
literature
- Ministry of Defense (ed.): The Royal Navy Handbook. Conway Maritime Press, London 2003, ISBN 0-85177-952-2 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Brazil prepares Seahawk helos for Atlantico. May 9, 2018. Retrieved June 29, 2018 .
- ↑ UK confirms LPH sale to Brazil, Janes, February 20, 2018
- ^ Matthias Thibaut: With security into chaos , Potsdamer Latest News. Retrieved May 4, 2012.
- ↑ HMS Ocean to be decommissioned in 2018, MoD announces (en) , BBC. Retrieved November 25, 2015.
- ↑ Jane's Information Group - Brazilian government authorizes purchase of UK's HMS Ocean ( Memento of the original dated December 12, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English), accessed December 23, 2017
- ^ HMS Ocean 'Sold To Brazil For £ 84 Million', Say Reports. January 2, 2018, accessed January 4, 2018 .
- ↑ https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/la-royal-navy-officiellement-retire-du-service-le-hms-ocean
- ↑ Brazil Commissions helicopter carrier. (No longer available online.) June 29, 2018, archived from the original on July 22, 2018 ; accessed on June 29, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
