Haplogroup K (mtDNA)
Haplogroup of mitochondrial DNA | |
---|---|
Surname | K |
Possible time of origin | 22,000 to 40,400 years ago |
Possible place of origin | Northern Italy |
predecessor | U8b'K |
successor | K1, K2 |
Mutations | 3480 10550 11299 14798 16224 16311 |
carrier | Europeans , Ashkenazim |
The haplogroup K is a haplogroup of the mitochondria in human genetics (mtDNA denotes the mitochondrial DNA ). It is the most common subgroup of haplogroup U8 and is estimated to be around 12,000 years old.
In Europe, it is particularly common around the Alps and on the British Isles; the glacier mummy Ötzi belonged to a subgroup of the mtDNA - haplogroup of K1 to the currently known no survivors. The haplogroup occurs with low frequency in North Africa , the Middle East and South Asia , furthermore approx. 32% of the haplotypes of the Ashkenazi Jews have the haplogroup K.
In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve , Bryan Sykes names the first mother of this haplogroup Katrine.
family tree
This phylogenetic family tree of the subgroups of haplogroup K is based on a publication by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser and subsequent scientific research.
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U8b'K
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U8b
-
K
-
K1
-
K1a
-
K1a1
-
K1a1a
- K1a1a1
-
K1a1b
-
K1a1b1
- K1a1b1a
- K1a1b1b
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K1a1b2
- K1a1b2a
-
K1a1b1
-
K1a1a
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K1a2
- K1a2a
- K1a2b
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K1a3
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K1a3a
- K1a3a1
- K1a3a1a
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K1a3a
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K1a4
-
K1a4a
-
K1a4a1
- K1a4a1a
- K1a4a1b
- K1a4a1c1
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K1a4a1
-
K1a4b
- K1a4b1
- K1a4c
- K1a4d
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K1a4a
- K1a5
- K1a6
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K1a7'8
- K1a7
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K1a8
- K1a8a
- K1a9
- K1a10
- K1a11
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K1a12
- K1a12a
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K1a1
-
K1b
-
K1b1
-
K1b1a
- K1b1a1
- K1b1b
- K1b1c
-
K1b1a
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K1b2
- K1b2a
- K1b2b
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K1b1
-
K1c
-
K1c1
- K1c1a
- K1c1b
- K1c2
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K1c1
- K1ö
-
K1a
-
K2
-
K2a
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K2a1
- K2a1a
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K2a2
- K2a2a
- K2a3
- K2a4
- K2a5
- K2a6
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K2a1
-
K2b
-
K2b1
- K2b1a
-
K2b1
- K2c
-
K2a
-
K1
-
K
-
U8b
See also
Evolution Tree Haplogroup Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Web links
- Biology Center Austria on Haplogroup K ( Memento from December 20, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ^ A. González et al .: The mitochondrial lineage U8a reveals a Paleolithic settlement in the Basque country . BMC Genomics, 2006.
- ↑ Richards et al. : Tracing European Founder Lineages in the Near Eastern mtDNA Pool . AJHG, 2000. PMID 11032788
- ↑ haplogroup K. Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz, archived from the original on 20 December 2007 ; Retrieved April 28, 2009 .
- ↑ Phillip Endicott et al .: Genotyping human ancient mtDNA control and coding region polymorphisms with a multiplexed Single-Base-Extension assay: the singular maternal history of the Tyrolean Iceman , June 19, 2009
- ↑ Mannis van Oven, Manfred Kayser: Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. In: Human Mutation. 30, 2009, pp. E386-E394, doi : 10.1002 / humu.20921 .