Herat (province)

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هرات
Herat
Iran Turkmenistan Usbekistan Tadschikistan China de-facto Pakistan (von Indien beansprucht) de-facto Indien (von Pakistan beansprucht) Indien Pakistan Nimrus Helmand Kandahar Zabul Paktika Chost Paktia Lugar Farah Uruzgan Daikondi Nangarhar Kunar Laghman Kabul Kapisa Nuristan Pandschschir Parwan Wardak Bamiyan Ghazni Baglan Ghor Badghis Faryab Dschuzdschan Herat Balch Sar-i Pul Samangan Kundus Tachar Badachschanlocation
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Basic data
Country Afghanistan
Capital Herat
surface 54,778 km²
Residents 1,890,200 (2015)
density 35 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2 AF-HER
Districts in Herat Province (as of 2005)
Districts in Herat Province (as of 2005)

Coordinates: 34 ° 18 '  N , 62 ° 0'  E

Herat ( Persian هرات) is a province ( velayat ) in western Afghanistan in the valley of the Hari Rud . The province borders Iran to the west and Turkmenistan to the north ; its capital is the eponymous city of Herat . The province has about 1.9 million inhabitants, most of them are of the Tajik ethnicity. The variety of Persian spoken in Herat is similar to the dialect spoken in Mashhad , Iran . Herat is conveniently located on the trade routes between Iran, India , the People's Republic of China and Europe . The roads to Turkmenistan and Iran are still of strategic importance.

history

Friday mosque in Herat

In ancient times the region was called Aria and was inhabited by the Iranian people of the same name . Later it was conquered by the Persians and incorporated into the Persian Empire . Along with this, Herat was conquered by Alexander the Great . With the triumph of Islam , Herat became a center of the Persian-Muslim culture. In the middle of the 19th century, in the course of the British-Russian rivalry in Central Asia, the region became part of the British sphere of interest, and thus the Afghans. Herat was territorially larger at that time, i.e. This means that today's western Afghanistan (Farah, Nimrouz) belonged to Herat and the province of Farah, for example, was a city of Herat. It has been part of Afghanistan since then.

language

The majority language of the province is the Persian language . The local dialect in Herat is known as "Herati". Besides Herat, this dialect is also spoken in the provinces of Farah , Nimrus and Ghor , and a related variety also exists in the Iranian region of Khorasan . For example, a Herati says in greeting: eschtani (“how are you”). This word eschtani is correctly called chetori in the written language . The Pashtuns in the province speak a Pashto dialect similar to that in Iran , Kandahar and Farah .

Administrative division

The province of Herat is divided into the following districts:

photos

  • Kushk district

  • Farms

  • farm

  • Village

  • rock

Web links

Commons : Herat Province  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Afghanistan. In: citypopulation.de. Retrieved January 8, 2016 .