Hermann Gumpel

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" Kommerzienrat Hermann Gumpel";
Drawing by August Heitmüller , around 1929

Hermann Gumpel (born 4 February 1862 in Lindhorst , died 7. January 1935 in Aswan , Egypt ) was a German banker , industrialist in the mining , Commerce , art collector and patron .

Life

Family (incomplete)

Hermann Gumpel came from a Jewish family. He was the son of the grain and timber merchant Gustav Gumpel (1829–1889) and Emilie, née Franck (1837–1911). His younger brother Max Gumpel (1863–1913), who later became an authorized signatory and partner in the family business, was one of his siblings. His other brother, the banker Julius Gumpel , father of Kurt Gumpel , was murdered in 1942 in the Treblinka extermination camp .

With his wife Sophie Franck (born 1861) he had two children: Hedwig Friedländer and Gustav Gumpel . Sophie died at a young age on September 27, 1907. She was buried in the Jewish cemetery at An der Strangriede .

Career

Born in the small town of Lindhorst in 1862, Hermann Gumpel first attended the Israelite School and then from 1872 to 1878 the Adolfinum grammar school in Bückeburg . After completing a commercial apprenticeship, he joined the business "ZH Gumpel" founded by his father on April 1, 1878, during the founding period of the German Empire, and in 1886 became a partner in the company.

In 1894 the business was relocated to Hanover and expanded into a modern bank as the ZH Gumpel bank . After his brother Julius had gone into the management of the bank, the house engaged in the potash industry of the region . Initially involved , the bank by the two brothers to companies for deep drilling , then founded and took it mines for potash, about 1906, the potash plant Siegfried-Giesen , 1909 Rossing Barnten , 1918, the Aces and 1921 Heldburg AG . At the suggestion of Hermann Gumpel and under his leadership, the "Gumpel-Kali group " was created as the leading group in its branch.

The Villa Seelhorststrasse 22 at the corner of Eichendorffstrasse in the Zoo district

In the meantime, Hermann Gumpel had a villa built by the architect Wilhelm Mackensen in 1907 at what was then Eichendorffstrasse 14 , today's Seelhorststrasse 22 ; the building in Hanover's zoo district is now a listed building .

Also at the time of the German Empire , Gumpel was awarded the title of Kommerzienrat in 1911 .

During the First World War , Gumpel was awarded the Iron Cross, Second Class .

In 1920, in the still young Weimar Republic , Hermann Gumpel brokered the acquisition of the shares - the majority of the Hanoverian tram to the Prussian state . In addition, he made "[...] acquisitions that were important for the Prussian state, [...] which later formed the basis of the Prussian electricity company ".

Hermann Gumpel and the family company participated in numerous industries, such as mining, as well as the electrical and asphalt sectors. He himself was the chairman or at least a member of 35 supervisory and mining boards . So he was a member of the supervisory board, later of the board of directors of the German potash indicator , fought for an understanding with the French potash industry (1925/26), "supported the foreign loan of the German potash industry" in 1926. Significantly as well as the export agreement with the French potash industry.

In 1926 the brothers sold their Kaliwerke to Burbach - Group , as a progressive and economically ever more powerful cartels had formed in the Kaliwirtschaft.

Prepared tomb for Hermann Gumpel at the Jewish cemetery at An der Strangriede

Hermann Gumpel was temporarily a member of the "Landeseisenbahnrat". His influence as a financial expert also extended to the asphalt, rubber and iron industries.

Hermann Gumpel was a private collector and patron of the arts and was considered a "[...] quiet benefactor".

In 1927 Hermann Gumpel left “moving goods” in Kreuzlingen, Switzerland ( Canton Thurgau ). On January 6, 1930, he acquired around 5,000 square meters of "Wiesland on Säntisstrasse and Bahnhofstrasse and 240 square meters of driveway" in Kreuzlingen.

Before the end of the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933, Hermann Gumpel decided to emigrate to Switzerland. He died in Aswan, Egypt, in 1935.

The bank ZH Gumpel, however, was liquidated in 1938.

Jewish cemetery on the Strangriede

Only Gumpel's wife Sophie Franck, who died in 1907, was buried in the grave prepared for him in the Jewish cemetery at An der Strangriede . The grave slab in Hebrew and German script contains information about Sophie on the right side - the left side has so far remained unlabeled. The actual place of his burial could not be determined until today (as of August 2012) in Hanover.

literature

  • Kommerzienrat Hermann Gumpel. 50th professional anniversary on April 1, 1928 , Hanover 1928 (not published).
  • August Heitmüller (draftsman), Wilhelm Meztig (concept): Hanoverian heads from administration, business, art and literature , 2 volumes, printer and publisher Heinrich Osterwald, Hanover [without year: 1929], p.
  • Siegmund Kaznelson (ed.): Jews in the German cultural area. A compilation , 2nd, greatly expanded edition, Jüdischer Verlag, Berlin 1959, pp. 754–755.
  • Erika Thiemann: Hermann and Julius Gumpel. In: Life and Destiny. For the inauguration of the synagogue in Hanover , with photos by Hermann Friedrich a. a., Hrsg .: Landeshauptstadt Hannover, press office, in cooperation with the Jüdische Gemeinde Hannover eV, Hannover: [Beeck in commission], [1963], pp. 110–115
  • John F. Oppenheimer (Editor-in-Chief), Emanuel BinGorion (Mithrsg.): Lexikon des Judentums , Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1967, Sp. 263.
  • Ernst G. Lowenthal: Jews in Prussia. Biographical directory. A representative cross section , ed. from the Bildarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz, with a foreword by Roland Klemig, Bildarchiv Preuss. Kulturbesitz, Berlin 1981, p. 81
  • Biographical handbook of German-speaking emigration after 1933 , vol. II, 1 A - K, The Arts, Sciences and Literature , ed. from the Institute for Contemporary History, Munich, and from the Research Foundation for Jewish Immigration, Inc., New York under the overall direction of Werner Röder and Herbert A. Strauss , Saur, Munich / New York / Paris / London 1983, ISBN 3-598- 10089-2 , pp. 253-254.
  • Walther Killy , Rudolf Vierhaus (ed.): Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie , Vol. 4, Munich 1996, pp. 254-255.
  • Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945. Edited by the Leo Baeck Institute, Jerusalem. Saur, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 , p. 131.
  • Peter Schulze : Gumpel, (1) Hermann. In: Dirk Böttcher, Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 141 online via Google books .
  • Ingo Köhler: The "Aryanization" of private banks in the Third Reich. Repression, elimination and the question of reparation (= series of publications on the journal for corporate history , vol. 14), Munich 2005: Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2005, 2nd edition 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-53200-9 , passim online about Google books .
  • Peter Schulze: Gumpel, (1) Hermann. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 242.

Web links

Commons : Hermann Gumpel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Peter Schulze: Gumpel, (1) Hermann. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , 2002, p. 141 online via Google books
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g August Heitmüller (draftsman), Wilhelm Meztig (concept): Hanoverian heads from administration, business, art and literature , 2 volumes, printer and publisher Heinrich Osterwald, Hanover [without year: 1929] (without page number )
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h Werner Röder , Herbert A. Strauss (ed.), Dieter Marc Schneider, Louise Forsyth (collaborators), Jan Foitzik et al. : Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933 (= International biographical dictionary of Central European émigrés 1933 - 1945 ), ed. from the Institute for Contemporary History, Munich, and from the Research Foundation for Jewish Immigration, Inc., New York under the overall direction of Werner Röder and Herbert A. Strauss, Part 1: Politics, Economy, Public Life , Munich: KG Saur, 1980, ISBN 978-3-598-10087-1 and ISBN 3-598-10087-6 and ISBN 0-89664-101-5 , p. 253; limited preview in Google Book search
  4. ↑ a b Peter Schulze: Gumpel, (2) Julius. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 141.
  5. ↑ a b see photo of the grave plaque.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Peter Schulze: Gumpel, (1) Hermann. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , 2009, p. 242
  7. ↑ Reinhard Glaß: Mackensen, Wilhelm on the page glass-portal.privat.t-online.de , last accessed on November 22, 2016
  8. ↑ Wolfgang Neß : Structural development between Seelhorststrasse, Scharnhorststrasse and Plathnerstrasse. In: Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, City of Hanover (DTBD), part 1, volume 10.1, ed. by Hans-Herbert Möller , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - Institute for Monument Preservation , Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Braunschweig 1983, ISBN 3-528-06203-7 , pp. 149–152; as well as zoo in the addendum to part 2, volume 10.2: List of monuments according to § 4 ( NDSchG ) (except for architectural monuments of the archaeological monument preservation ), status: July 1, 1985, City of Hanover , Lower Saxony State Administration Office - publications of the Institute for Monument Preservation, p. 10f.
  9. ↑ E6351E # 1000/1043 # 5955 * Hermann Gumpel, Kreuzlingen: Umzuggut, 1927 , online access to the Swiss Federal Archives , last accessed on March 17, 2020
  10. ↑ 3'25'41, 4/568 sales contract: The canton sells to Hermann Gumpel, Kommerzienrat in D-Hannover, 4'976 square meters of meadow land on Säntisstrasse and Bahnhofstrasse and 240 square meters of driveway, 01/30/06 , page from the Thurgau State Archives , last accessed on August 11, 2012
  11. ^ Information from and with thanks to Peter Schulze .
personal data
SURNAME Gumpel, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German banker and entrepreneur, Jewish emigrant in 1933
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Lindhorst
DATE OF DEATH January 7, 1935
Place of death Aswan