Herri met de Bles

Procession to Golgotha

Herri met de Bles , also known as Henri de Dinant, Herry Patenier, Hendrick met de Bles , (* around 1500/1510 in Bouvignes-sur-Meuse / Dinant ; † between 1555 and 1560 in Antwerp or Ferrara ) was a Flemish landscape painter of the Renaissance , which is assigned to northern mannerism .

Life

Herri met de Bles was probably the nephew of Joachim Patinir (around 1475 / 1480–1524). He is assigned to a group of Flemish painters in Antwerp with the painters Jan Mandyn (around 1500–1560), Pieter Huys (around 1519 / 1520–1581 / 1584) and Jan Wellens de Cock (around 1475 / 1480–1527 / 28) as the successor to Hieronymus Bosch (around 1450 / 1460–1516) continued the tradition of fantastic painting and thus established a northern mannerism (as opposed to Italian mannerism).

After Karel van Mander (1548-1606) Herri got his nickname met de Bles because of a white forelock, a blaze . Little is known of the life of this painter. A Herry de Patenir which is generally equated with Herri met de Bles, was in 1535 as a master of the Antwerp Guild of St. Luke entered. If he is identical to the painter Il Civetta, who was buried in Ferrara and mentioned in Italian art history , he may have spent the last years of his life as court painter to the Duke of Este .

painting

Bles 'workshop specialized in the image type of the world landscape , which was shaped by patiniers, and was based heavily on Bles' models Joachim Patinir and Hieronymus Bosch . What is striking are the scenes embedded in the detailed landscape, the perspective and atmosphere of which fit exactly into the pictures. One of his best-known works is the painting St. John on Patmos , which was painted around 1535.

Various elements such as the imaginatively worked out mountains , a valley with buildings and trees are repeatedly recombined in Bles' work and provided with a scene in the foreground that serves as a staffage . It is mostly a religious scene, but profane subjects such as a sleeping peddler robbed by monkeys can also be found in Bles' oeuvre . Since the staffage figures vary in their size, elaboration, subject matter and occurrence in the signature , it suggests that the staffage figures were partly made by Bles himself and partly by staffage painters .

Attributed works

The copper mine

• Saint John on Patmos , around 1535
• The temptation of Saint Anthony , around 1540/50, oil on panel, round, diam. 16 cm, Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum
• Landscape with Saint Anthony , undated, oil on panel, round, diam. 24 cm, Paris , Institut Néerlandais
• The copper mine , mid-16th century, oil on panel, 83 × 114 cm, Florence , Galleria degli Uffici
• Christ Carrying the Cross , early 16th century, oil on wood, Vienna , Picture Gallery of the Academy of Fine Arts
• Inferno , around 1540, oil on panel, Venice , Palazzo Ducale, Doge's Palace
• Monkeys plunder the stuff of a trader who fell asleep under a tree, around 1550 , oil on oak , 59.5 × 85.5 cm, Dresden, Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister

Many attempts at Antony are attributed to him. A landscape with a copper mine , there are also similar by Lucas Gassel .

Master with the owl

At the beginning of the 17th century, a biography of Dutch painters stated that Herri met de Bles "put an owl on all of his works ". He was also shown with a little owl in a portrait collection from 1572. Maybe he is identical to the painter, who because of a screech owl in Italy with the nickname Il Civetta ( it. Was named Owl). However, not all pictures by Herris met de Bles have such an artist's mark. Next immersed in many stylistically different images of his time an owl or an owl , so that this feature in an image does not necessarily indicate its authorship can point by Herri.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Walter S. Gibson: "Mirror of the Earth" .: The world landscape in sixteenth-century Flemish painting . Princeton 1989.
2. ↑ Reindert L. Falkenburg: Herri met de Bles . In: Walter de Gruyter (Ed.): General Artist Lexicon - International Artist Database Online . de Gruyter.
3. ↑ Uta Neidhardt, Christoph Schölzel: Two pictures by Herri met de Bles in the Dresden Old Masters Picture Gallery . In: Dresdner Kunstblätter . tape 39 , no. 5 , 1995, p. 144-150 .
4. ↑ K. van Mander: Het Schilder-Boek. Harlem 1604.
5. ^ D. Lampsonius: Pictorium aliquot celebrium Gemaniae inferioris effigies. Antwerp 1572.

literature

• Wilhelm Adolf Schmidt:  Bles, Hendrik met de . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 703 f.
• Norman E. Muller (Ed.): Herri met de Bles: studies and explorations of the world landscape tradition. Brepols, Turnhout 1998, ISBN 0-943012-25-2 . (Supplement to the exhibition Anatomy of painting - the road to Calvary by Herri met de Bles )
• Max J. Friedländer: Early Netherlandish Painting, Vol. XIII, Antonis Mor and his Contemporaries . AW Sijthoff, Leyden and La Connaissance, Brussels 1975.
• C. Koch: The master with the owl. A thought note on the owl depiction in Christ Carrying the Cross by Herri met de Bles. In: News Letter. 18, 2006, pp. 30f.
• Reindest L. Falkenburg: Bles, Herri met de . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 11, Saur, Munich a. a. 1995, ISBN 3-598-22751-5 , pp. 491-493.

Web links

Commons : Herri met de Bles  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

• Henry met de Bles at artcyclopedia.com (engl.)
• Selection of works in the KHM image database (Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna)