Hippocrepis
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Common horseshoe clover ( Hippocrepis comosa ) |
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| Hippocrepis | ||||||||||||
| L. |
Hippocrepis is a genus in the subfamily of Schmetterlingsblütler (Faboideae) within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). Some species are called horseshoe clover.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Hippocrepis species are annual or perennial herbaceous plants or shrubs that reach very different heights. The imparipinnate leaves have three to many pairs of entire leaflets . Stipules are present.
Generative characteristics
The umbellate inflorescences contain small bracts , but no bracts . The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope .
Flat legumes are formed, often with horseshoe-shaped limbs.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Hippocrepis was established by Carl von Linné in 1753 . Type species is Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L. A synonym of Hippocrepis L. is Emerus Mill.
The species of the genus Hippocrepis are distributed in large parts of Europe , in the Mediterranean , in North Africa , on the Canary Islands , on the Cape Verde Islands , on the Arabian Peninsula and in Pakistan .
Per Lassen worked on the sub- tribus Coronillinae in 1989 , rearranging and delimiting the genera Coronilla , Hippocrepis and Securigera . For example, the crown vetch ( Coronilla emerus L. ) was placed in the genus Hippocrepis as Hippocrepis emerus (L.) Lassen .
After the revision of 1989 there are 32 species in the genus Hippocrepis , these are in detail:
Persistent species:
- Hippocrepis atlantica Durieu ex Munby : It occurs only in Morocco , Algeria and Tunisia .
- Hippocrepis balearica Cav. ex Nyman : She is endemic to the Balearic Islands .
- Hippocrepis bourgaei Font Quer : Your home is Spain .
- Hippocrepis carpetana Lassen : The home is Spain.
- Hippocrepis commutata Pau : Your home is Spain.
- Common horseshoe clover ( Hippocrepis comosa L. ): The home is Europe, as a neophyte it also occurs in North America.
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Red vetch ( Hippocrepis emerus (L.) Lassen ): It is widespread in Europe, North Africa , the Middle East and occurs as a neophyte in North America and Mauritius, for example. There are two subspecies:
- Hippocrepis emerus subsp. emeroides (Boiss. & Spruner) Greuter & Burdet ex Let (Syn .: Coronilla emeroides Boiss & Spruner. , Coronilla emerus subsp. emeroides (Boiss. & Spruner) Holmboe )
- Hippocrepis emerus subsp. emerus (Syn .: Coronilla emerus L. )
- Hippocrepis eriocarpa Boiss. : The home is Spain.
- Hippocrepis fruticescens Sennen : The home is Spain.
- Hippocrepis glauca Ten. : The homeland is the Balkan Peninsula and Italy including Sicily and Sardinia .
- Hippocrepis liouvillei Maire : It occurs only in Morocco.
- Hippocrepis monticola Durieu ex Lassen : The home is Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya.
- Hippocrepis rupestris Laza : The home is Spain.
- Hippocrepis scabra DC. : The home is Spain.
- Hippocrepis scorpioides Req. ex G.Bentham : The home is Spain and France .
- Hippocrepis squamata Coss. : The home is Spain.
- Hippocrepis toletana Pau : The home is Spain.
- Hippocrepis valentina Boiss. : The home is Spain.
Annual species:
- Hippocrepis areolata Desv. : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia , Libya , Egypt and Israel .
- Hippocrepis biflora Spreng. : It occurs in southern Europe , northern Africa and western Asia .
- Hippocrepis bornmuelleri Hausskn. ex Bornm. : Its home is Iran .
- Hippocrepis brevipetala (Murb.) E. Dominguez : It occurs in Morocco and Tunisia.
- Eyelashed horseshoe clover ( Hippocrepis ciliata Willd. ): It occurs in southern Europe, south-eastern Europe , North Africa and the Middle East.
- Hippocrepis constricta Kunze : Home is North Africa, Cape Verde , Israel, the Arabian Peninsula , Iran and Pakistan .
- Hippocrepis cyclocarpa Murb. : The homeland is Crete , Tunisia, Libya and Egypt.
- Hippocrepis minor Munby : Their home is Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.
- Polished horseshoe clover ( Hippocrepis multisiliquosa L. ): It is native to southern and southeastern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.
- Hippocrepis neglecta Lassen : It occurs only in Morocco.
- Hippocrepis salzmannii Boiss. & Reut. : It occurs only in Spain and Morocco.
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Single-pod horseshoe clover ( Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L. ): It occurs in Greece , Crete and Sicily, in the Aegean Sea , on Cyprus , in Western Asia, in Tunisia, Egypt, on the Sinai Peninsula , in Iraq and in Iran. There are the subspecies:
- Hippocrepis unisiliquosa subsp. armena Lassen
- Hippocrepis unisiliquosa subsp. bisiliqua (Forssk.) Bornm.
- Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L. subsp. unisiliquosa
literature
- Syed Irtifaq Ali: Hippocrepis. s.str., p. 318 - at efloras online , Hippocrepis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis In: Syed Irtifaq Ali (ed.): Flora of West Pakistan 100: Papilionaceae. Stewart Herbarium, Rawalpindi 1977. (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Linnaeus scanned in at biodiversitylibrary.org in 1753 .
- ^ Hippocrepis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 20, 2015.
- ↑ Per Lassen: A new delimitation of the genera Coronilla, Hippocrepis and Securigera (Fabaceae). In: Willdenowia. Volume 19, No. 1, 1989, pp. 49-62, JSTOR 3996918 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Data sheet at International Legume Database Information Service = ILDIS - LegumeWeb - World Database of Legumes , Version 10.38 from July 20, 2010.
Web links
- Hippocrepis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
Map with all linked sites: