Securigera

The title of this article is ambiguous. For the locust genus of the same name, see Securigera (animal genus) .

Securigera
Red vetch ( Securigera varia )
Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales) Family : Legumes (Fabaceae) Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae) Tribe : Loteae Sub tribus : Coronillinae Genre : Securigera
Scientific name
Securigera
DC.

Securigera ( Beilwicken or Kronwicken ) is a genus in the subfamily of Schmetterlingsblütler (Faboideae) within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). The twelveor sospecies arewidespread in Eurasia and North Africa.

description

Illustration of the colorful crown vetch ( Securigera varia )

Illustration of the legume of Securigera securidaca

Circular inflorescence with zygomorphic, yellow flowers of Securigera securidaca

Inflorescence of the red vetch ( Securigera varia )

Appearance and leaves

Securigera species are perennial or annual herbaceous plants .

The alternate leaves are stalked or sessile. The imparipinnate leaf blades contain more than five pairs of leaflets. The leaflets are entire. There are more or less membranous, with each free stipules present.

Generative characteristics

In the leaf axils there are gold-like inflorescences with many flowers on clear inflorescence shafts . Under each flower stalk is a membranous cover .

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five bare sepals are fused into a bell-shaped calyx, which is more or less two-lipped. The calyx tube is much shorter than the calyx teeth. The upper lip of the calyx is about as long or much shorter than the lower lip. The three calyx teeth on the lower lip are much longer than the two on the upper lip. The flower crowns have the typical shape of the butterfly flowers . The five bald, horned petals are yellow, purple or pink in color. The flag can be much shorter or much longer than the calyx. The flag is elliptical. The shuttle is more or less curved like a sickle. There are ten stamens . The yellow anthers are egg-shaped. The seated single carpel is cylindrical and bare. The scar is elliptical.

The legumes are elliptical or linear and contain two to twelve seeds.

The basic chromosome number is x = 6.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Securigera was founded in 1805 by Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle in Flore Française. Troisième Édition , 4, p. 609. The genus Securigera belongs to the Unterertribus Coronillinae from the tribe Loteae in the subfamily Faboideae within the family Fabaceae . For a long time Securigera was considered a monotypical genus with the only species Securigera securidaca . Per Lassen worked on the sub- tribus Coronillinae in 1989 , rearranging and delimiting the genera Coronilla , Hippocrepis and Securigera . For example, the red vetch ( Coronilla varia L. ) was placed in the genus Securigera as Securigera varia (L.) Lassen . The generic name Securigera is made up of the Latin words securis for hatchet and gero carry, this refers to the shape of the fruit of the type species Securigera securidaca (L.) Degen & Dörfl.

The genus Securigera occurs in large parts of Eurasia and North Africa . The center of biodiversity is the Mediterranean . Some species are invasive plants around the world .

After Lassen's revision, 12 species, and most recently 13 species (as of 2019), were placed in the genus Securigera :

• Securigera atlantica Boiss. & Reut. : It occurs in Algeria and Tunisia .
• Securigera carinata Lassen : It occurs in Greece and Turkey .
• Securigera charadzeae (Chinth. & Tschuchr.) Czerep. (Syn .: Coronilla charadzeae Chinth. & Tschuchr. ): It occurs in Georgia .
• Securigera cretica (L.) Lassen (Syn .: Coronilla cretica L. ): It iswidespreadin the Mediterranean region in Italy , in Southeast Europe , in the Aegean Sea and in Western Asia.
• Securigera elegans (Pančič) Lassen (Syn .: Coronilla elegans Pančič ): It iswidespreadin Central and Southeastern Europe, from Albania and the Czech Republic to the Ukraine .
• Securigera globosa (Lam.) Lassen (Syn .: Coronilla globosa Lam. ): This endemic occurs only in Crete .
• Securigera grandiflora (Boiss.) Lassen (Syn .: Coronilla grandiflora Boiss. ): It occurs in Turkey.
• Securigera libanotica (Boiss.) Lassen (Syn .: Coronilla libanotica Boiss. ): It occurs in Turkey and Lebanon .
• Securigera orientalis (Mill.) Lassen (Syn .: Coronilla balansae (Boiss.) Grossh. , Coronilla cappadocica Willd. , Coronilla cappadocica var. Balansae Boiss. , Coronilla iberica Steven ex M. Bieb. , Coronilla orientalis Mill. ): She is distributed from Turkey via Transcaucasia to Russia and Iran .
• Securigera parviflora (Desv.) Lassen (Syn .: Artrolobium parviflorum Desv. , Coronilla parviflora Willd. , Coronilla rostrata Boiss. & Spruner ): It is in the Mediterranean area from Albania via Greece and the Aegean Sea, Crete and Cyprus to Turkey and Palestine to Syria spread.
• Securigera securidaca (L.) Degen & Dörfl. (Syn .: Coronilla securidaca L. , Securigera coronilla DC. ): It is in southern Europe (west to France ), in Morocco , in the Aegean Sea, in the Crimea and in Western Asia from Cyprus to Iraq, Iran, Pakistan and ins Asian Russia spread.
• Securigera somalensis (Thulin) Lassen (Syn .: Coronilla somalensis Thulin ): It occurs only in Somalia .
• Colorful Crown Vetch or Colorful Beilwicke, Rosenkronill ( Securigera varia (L.) Lassen , Syn .: Coronilla varia L. ): Its natural range is Eurasia ; it is a neophyte in many areas, for example in North America, New Zealand and Australia .

swell

literature

• F. García Martín, S. Talavera: Securigera DC. nom. cons. , Pp. 891-894 In: Flora Iberica , Vol. 7, 2, 1999: LXXXVIII. LEGUMINOSAE - CORONILLEAE . Full text PDF.
• SI Ali: Securigera. In: SI Ali (Ed.) Flora of West Pakistan 100: Papilionaceae. Stewart Herbarium, Rawalpindi 1977, p. 316, online. Securigera at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis (Eng.)
• Per Lassen: A new delimitation of the genera Coronilla, Hippocrepis, and Securigera (Fabaceae). In: Willdenowia , Volume 19, Issue 1, 1989, pp. 49-62. JSTOR 3996918
• Datasheet at Legumes of the World Online = LOWO by Kew.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} F. García Martín, S. Talavera: Securigera DC. nom. cons. , Pp. 891-894 In: Flora Iberica , Volume 7, 1999: LXXXVIII. LEGUMINOSAE - CORONILLEAE . Full text PDF.
2. ^ Securigera at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved February 22, 2019.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Per Lassen: A new delimitation of the genera Coronilla, Hippocrepis and Securigera (Fabaceae). In: Willdenowia. Volume 19, No. 1, 1989, pp. 49-62. JSTOR 3996918
4. ↑ Data sheet at Legumes of the World Online = LOWO by Kew. ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n} data sheet at International Legume Database Information Service = ILDIS - LegumeWeb - World Database of Legumes , Version 10.38 from July 20, 2010.

Web links

Commons : Securigera  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Securigera in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
• Avinoam Danin: The genus Securigera in the Flora of Israel online. (engl.)

 Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap