Hofbräu Kaltenhausen
| Hofbräu Kaltenhausen
|
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| legal form | Brand of Brau Union Österreich AG |
| founding | 1475 |
| resolution | 1921 |
| Seat | Hallein , Austria |
| Branch | brewery |
| Website | www.kaltenhausen.at |
The Hofbräu Kaltenhausen was an Austrian beer brewery that was built in 1475 by the Salzburg mayor and businessman Hans Elsenheimer in the Kaltenhausen district of Hallein . Today the brand belongs to the Heineken Group . There is a restaurant and a microbrewery on the company premises.
history
founding
.JPG)
.JPG)
In the heyday of the city of Hallein at the turn of the Middle Ages to the modern age, new branches of business developed, including beer brewing. The oldest source about the brewery in Hallein, however, dates back to 1439. The Salzburg mayor and city judge (from 1469 to 1483) Hans Elsenheimer (also: Johann Elsenhaimer ) built the so-called Kaltes Bräuhaus in 1475 . The construction took place on a farmstead near Hallein, which Prince-Archbishop Bernhard von Rohr loaned to build a "prewstadl and cellar" . The name Kaltes Bräuhaus refers to the cold air tubes that were used for storage. The location under the Barmsteinen had a particular advantage over all other breweries from that time: so-called wind tubes (wind holes) in the mountain offered an air exchange between indoor and outdoor air, which resulted in natural thermodynamic cooling. Wind tunnels are caves at different altitudes in the mountain with several entrances that allow the natural draft and thus the cooling.
Archbishop's time
After the death of Johann Elsenhaimer (1483), his son Hans sold the Elsenheimerische Brauerei zu Kaltenhausen to Prince-Archbishop Leonhard von Keutschach in 1489 and the brewery thus became the property of the Prince-Archbishop's Court Chamber . Hofbräu Kaltenhausen developed into the largest brewery in Salzburg and the greatest competition for the bourgeois breweries in Hallein. The Salzburg archbishops enlarged and promoted the brewery, which, thanks to the secured sales, represented an important source of income due to a general ban on serving beer from the archbishop's breweries. This earned the archbishop the nickname Lindl-Wirt among the Salzburg population.
150 years later, in 1646, 12,800 buckets of beer were brewed in two brew pans . In the same year, the Märzenbier, which is still known today, was brewed for the first time . The brewery was also always a special favorite with the following Salzburg archbishops. In 1648 there was a branch in the city of Salzburg in the Kalten Brauhaus in the quay (at the Nonntaler Tor).
The position of the Hofbräuhaus Kaltenhausen was strengthened by the beer monopoly (1652–1681), which prevented the bourgeois breweries from delivering beer outside the city area. In 1712 there was a considerable expansion of the business under Archbishop Franziskus Antonius Prince of Harrach.
The development of the Kaltenhausen brewery from 1800 to 1900
With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803, the secular power of the prince archbishops fell as imperial princes. The brewery now became the property of the new sovereign, first Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (until 1806) and then to Emperor Franz I of Austria (until 1809). In 1809 it was placed under French administration as part of the coalition wars. In 1811 it became the property of the Bavarian Crown .
In 1815 the Electress Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este bought the brewery for 150.00 guilders. She and her son Maximilian von Arco-Zinneberg turned the brewery into one of the leading industrial companies of the 19th century. In the course of its economic activity, it focused, among other things, on modernizing the breweries. In the Kaltenhausen brewery, the first steam engine in the province of Salzburg was installed to break the malt. The Kaltenhausen brewery was transformed into a large brewery. The increasing production increases in the context of industrialization went hand in hand with an expansion of the sales area to Upper and Lower Austria and Tyrol . In 1860, sales were limited to the surrounding towns of Salzburg and Hallein.
With the introduction of freedom of trade (1860) and the dissolution of the brewers' guild (1873), the decline of the artisanal breweries in Hallein became apparent. Part of the reason was the overwhelming competition from Kaltenhausen. In addition to Kaltenhausen, there were five other breweries that could brew over 10,000 hl per year, one of which was the Stiegl brewery in Salzburg , which is still known today . However, Kaltenhausen produced more than all five together and had a market share of 35.1% in the province of Salzburg. The brewery has been located in the city of Hallein since 1896.
In 1898, the "Gräflich Arco-Zinneberg'sches Brauhaus Kaltenhausen" was sold to the Bavarian branch of Deutsche Bank in Munich . Three years later, in 1901, it was converted into the “Aktiengesellschaft Brauerei Kaltenhausen”.
20th century
The early years of the young stock corporation were marked by an economic depression. Despite the poor ability of the population to consume and rising raw material prices, it was possible to generate profits through investments in rationalization and savings. The constantly necessary conversion to modern generation plants, but also the expansion and securing of sales, were associated with high capital requirements. As early as 1903, a mortgage loan of 400,000 kroner was taken out. Shortly before the beginning of the First World War , however, things went uphill and the position was also strengthened by the completion of the Tauern Tunnel in 1906. Sales were also promoted through the purchase and simultaneous closure of some breweries. Despite the increase in sales, losses in profits had to be accepted from 1907–1912 due to rising raw material prices and wage increases as well as reduced working hours.
In 1916 another loan was taken out to acquire the “United Salzburg Breweries”. The breweries taken over were closed and production relocated to Kaltenhausen.
The First World War initially had no impact on Kaltenhausen's sales development. Only the longer duration of the war and increasing scarcity of raw materials led to quantitative and quality-related restrictions, which then fell to a fraction of the pre-war production towards the end of the war. In 1917, in cooperation with the Stiegl brewery in Salzburg and the Salzkammergut brewery in Gmunden, a limited company was founded to rent the cold storage rooms to the army administration.
In 1921 the brewery was founded by the former "Braubank AG". This was a merger of the Gmunden brewery, Linzer Aktienbrauerei, Poschacher brewery in Linz and the Wieselburger Aktienbrauerei . The basic idea was to achieve uniform commercial management and to eliminate uneconomical competition through joint planning and equipping of the breweries and joint purchasing. In 1925 the company name was changed to "Österreichische Brau Aktiengesellschaft", which expresses the legal merger of the breweries. After 300 years of dominant position in the Salzburg brewing industry, it was overtaken by the Stiegl brewery after the First World War.
The poor economic conditions and the high taxation on beer caused the production of the Kaltenhausen brewery to fall by 47% from 1929/30 to 1936. In 1932 the Gmunden brewery was temporarily shut down due to the economic crisis in order to better utilize the capacity of the sister breweries Kaltenhausen and Poschacher brewery. This explains the stable utilization of the Kaltenhausen brewery.
In 1998 the “Austrian Brewery AG” merged with Steirerbrau to form Brau Union Österreich AG . Until the summer of 2010, however, the beers "Kaiser" and "Edelweiß" were brewed on the site of the former Hofbräu Kaltenhausen.
21st century
In 2011 the large-scale brewery in Kaltenhausen was founded under the last master brewer, Dr. Günter Seeleitner hired. Production was then stopped and 8 of the 128 employees who were employed at the Kaltenhausen site had to be laid off. The systems were dismantled and the buildings are demolished on the brewhouse in summer 2016. Production was relocated to the Zipf brewery (Upper Austria) and the Wieselburg brewery (Lower Austria). However, beer is still brewed in a newly built, fully automatic small system (approx. 12 hectoliters per brew, which corresponds to a microbrewery) and an "event catering" is operated.
Brewery inn
The Hofbräu also has a large restaurant, the Hofbräu Kaltenhausen brewery . From 1989 to summer 2011 it was run by the tenant couple Edith and Anton Haas. This restaurant was reopened on November 22, 2011 by Hopfen + Malz Kaltenhausen GmbH, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sternbräu GmbH from the city of Salzburg, as a new tenant after a renovation.
The Ruperti-Gwölb is a vaulted hall whose walls and high halls are made of red bricks. Its architecture is reminiscent of Gothic vaults. It can accommodate around 150 people. The Ruperti-Gwölb has its own entrance and belongs to the Hofbräu Kaltenhausen. The Braugasthof takes care of the catering at events.
There is also the specialty factory Hofbräu Kaltenhausen, a microbrewery with seminars. The total investment amounts to approx. EUR 1 million.
Container
Like most other breweries, Hofbräu Kaltenhausen converted a large part of its production to bottling in the 20th century. In addition to the returnable bottles with a bottle deposit that are common in Austria , certain types of beer were also filled in aluminum cans. Edelweiss beer was also bottled in 4-liter kegs for home dispensing systems. In addition to the barrels commonly used in gastronomy, there was also a self-cooling 20-liter barrel for end consumers.
Edelweiss Beertender
Kaiser beer crates
Products
The hops for the Kaltenhausen beers came from Saaz , the Mühlviertel , Hallertau and Slovenia , the malt from the malt house in Liesing .
Former beers:
- Kaltenhausen warehouse
- Ruperti Gold Hell
- Bischofsbräu double malt
- Festbock
In 1967 the brands and varieties of the Brau Union were streamlined. The above-mentioned beers fell victim to this streamlining of the range.
The following beers were brewed in the brewery until 2010:
Kaiser beer
Edelweiss
- Edelweiss Hofbräu
- Edelweiss yeast cloud
- Edelweiss chamois buck
- Edelweiss dark
- Edelweiss alcohol-free
Awards
DLG awards
- Edelweiss Hofbräu
- Edelweis yeast cloudy
- Awarded with DLG gold awards in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011
- Edelweiss chamois buck
- Awarded with DLG Gold 2010 and 2011 awards and the European Beer Star Bronze 2010.
European Beer Star
European Beer Star in bronze 2009 and in silver 2010 and 2011.
World Beer Cup
World Beer Cup for
- Edelweiss Hefetrüb (1996)
- Edelweiss Hefetrüb (2000)
- Edelweiss Dark (2000)
literature
- W. Watteck: The Halleiner brewing. Salzburg 1928.
- R. v. Freisauff: The Count's Arco-Zinneberg'sche Brewery near Hallein, a historical sketch.
- Sepp Kaufmann: The Hofbräu Kaltenhausen. In: The Halleiner Heimatbuch. “Heimat Österreich”, episode 16-20, Hallein 1954.
- Review of the development of the Austrian Brau-Aktiengesellschaft. Self-published d. Society, Linz 1961.
- E. Jalowetz, H. Lichtenblau (Ed.): Österreichischer Brauerkalender. Born 1.1924-6.1929, 1.1931-15.1938, Vienna 1924.
- C. Seidl: Our beer. Trips to Austria's breweries. Vienna 1992.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Salzburg.info Hofbräu Kaltenhaus. Retrieved November 18, 2011 ( Memento of May 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b orf.at end of the industrial brewery Kaltenhausen. Retrieved January 14, 2012.
- ↑ a b Wattek, W., The Halleiner Brewing, Salzburg 1928
- ↑ a b Seidl, C., Our beer. Travels to Austria's breweries, Vienna 1992
- ↑ Freisauff, R. v., The Count's Arco-Zinneberg'sche Brewery near Hallein, a historical sketch
- ↑ Das Hofgräu Kaltenhausen, in: The Halleiner Heimatbuch by Sepp Kaufmann, "Heimat Österreich", episode 16-20, Hallein 1954
- ↑ Austrian Brau Union: The home of Edelweiss. Retrieved on November 18, 2011. ( Memento from October 18, 2007 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Statistical report on the economic conditions in the duchy of Salzburg, submitted by the Chamber of Commerce and Industry 1871–1880
- ^ Annual report of the Kaltenhausen brewery 1901/02 to 1914/15
- ↑ Industrie-Compass, Austria-Hungary, ed. Compass-Verlag , Vienna, year 1903/04
- ^ Annual report of the Kaltenhausen brewery 1916/17
- ↑ Review of the development of the Austrian Brau-Aktiengesellschaft, publisher. self-published d. Society, Linz 1961
- ↑ Österreichischer Brauerkalender, Ed .: E. Jalowetz u. H. Lichtenblau, born 1.1924-6.1929, 1.1931-15.1938, Vienna 1924-
- ↑ Krone.at Brewery in Kaltenhausen relies on new strategies. Accessed on January 14, 2012.
- ↑ a b Kaiser beer. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
- ↑ Annual report of the Austrian Brau AG 1967/68
- ↑ Detailed description of the test provisions and criteria (PDF file) ( Memento of the original from September 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 47 ° 41 ′ 46.9 " N , 13 ° 4 ′ 45.7" E