Hyacinthe Sigismond Gerdil
Hyacinthe Sigismond Gerdil B , baptized Jean-François Gerdil (born June 23, 1718 in Samoëns , Savoy ; † August 12, 1802 in Rome ) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church .
Life
Origin and early years
He was born the son of the notary Pierre Gerdil and his wife Françoise Perrier from Taninges . In 1743 he joined the regular clergy of the Congregation of St. Paul and was ordained a priest for this congregation on June 11, 1741 . In 1764 he became a religious provincial in Piedmont and Savoy, before he rose to the position of superior general of the Barnabites in 1768. Pope Pius VI appointed him in August 1775 as consultor of the Roman Inquisition .
Church career
Pius VI appointed him on February 17, 1777 titular bishop of Dibona . He was ordained bishop by Cardinal Marcantonio Colonna on March 2, 1777; Co-consecrators were Archbishop Orazio Mattei and the Bishop of Montalto Francesco Antonio Marcucci . The Pope called him cardinal on June 23, 1777 in pectore and published his name as such on December 11, 1780. First cardinal priest of San Giovanni a Porta Latina , he moved to the titular church of Santa Cecilia on September 20, 1784 . From 1786 to 1787 Gerdil Camerlengo was a member of the College of Cardinals . Together with the cardinals Gian Francesco Albani , Leonardo Antonelli , Filippo Campanelli and Francesco Saverio de Zelada he formed the cardinals commission, which formulated the answer of the curia to the Emser punctuation . This reply was published by the Pope in Rome in 1790 under the title Sanctissimi domini nostri Pii papae sexti responsio ad metropolitanos Moguntinum, Trevirensem, Coloniensem et Salisburgensem super nunciaturis apostolicis . From 1790 to 1794 he was a member of another cardinals commission which drew up a final version of the Bull Auctorem fidei , which was issued on August 28, 1794 and which rejected the decisions of the Synod of Pistoia . He was also a member of a special congregation during this period that was concerned with the preparation of the papal documents condemning the French civil constitution of the clergy , the oath on this civil constitution and other requirements of the French Revolution . From February 27, 1795 Gerdil was prefect of the Propaganda Congregation , for which he also took over the leadership of the Index Congregation as prefect in 1801 .
Due to the financial difficulties of the war against France, the cardinal's income dried up and he was forced to sell books from his library and other personal effects. So King Viktor Amadeus III granted him . of Sardinia-Piedmont, although the country itself was in great difficulty, received the income of the Santo Stefano monastery in Ivrea . On February 10, 1798, French troops entered Rome, and on February 20, Pius VI. to Siena. Cardinal Gerdil set out for Piedmont on March 21 of the same year and received extraordinary authority from the Pope in Siena to maintain ecclesiastical discipline. He found support from the cardinals Francisco Antonio Lorenzana y Butrón , Archbishop of Toledo, and Antonio Despuig y Dameto , Archbishop of Seville. On April 23, he arrived in Turin and was received by King Charles Emmanuel IV , his former pupil. When the king was forced to abdicate and left the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont, Cardinal Gerdil withdrew to the Abbey of San Michele della Chiusa.
When Pope Pius VI. died in France on August 29, 1799, Cardinal Gerdil went to Venice and took part in the conclave 1799–1800 , from which Pius VII emerged as Pope; During the conclave, Cardinal Franziskus Herzan von Harras had expressed the rejection of an election of Gerdil by Emperor Franz II . On August 23, 1800, he and the newly elected Pope set out for Rome, which they reached on September 12, 1800.
Last years and death
Cardinal Gerdil enjoyed two years of physical health and spiritual freshness until he died in August 1802 after a brief illness. He was buried in the Church of the Barnabites San Carlo ai Catinari in Rome.
Act
Hyacinthe Sigismond Gerdil acted as educator of the kings Karl Emanuel IV. And Viktor Emanuel I of Piedmont-Sardinia .
Works
His works, written in Latin, Italian and French, cover a wide range of topics: dogmatics , moral theology , canon law , philosophy , pedagogy , history , physics and natural science . They were published in Rome in twenty quarto volumes between 1806 and 1821 .
literature
- Pietro Stella: Gerdil, Giacinto Sigismondo. In: Mario Caravale (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 53: Gelati – Ghisalberti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1999.
Web links
- Gerdil, CRSP, Hyacinthe Sigismond. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed April 5, 2017.
- Entry on Hyacinthe Sigismond Gerdil on catholic-hierarchy.org ; Retrieved April 5, 2017.
Individual evidence
- ↑ See on this John Bertram Peterson: Synod of Pistoia . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Volume 12, Robert Appleton Company, New York 1911.
- ↑ Michael J. Walsh: Cardinals. Canterbury Press Norwich, 2009, p. 48, excerpt from the source
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Leonardo Cardinal Antonelli |
Prefect of the Congregation De Propaganda Fide 1795–1802 |
Stefano Cardinal Borgia |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gerdil, Hyacinthe Sigismond |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gerdil, Jean-François (original name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Roman Catholic clergyman, cardinal |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 23, 1718 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Samoëns , Savoy |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 12, 1802 |
| Place of death | Rome |