Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Hadzi Ahmet Dukatar's mosque in Livno

The Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina next to Christianity one of the two dominant religions. The number of Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina is around two million, which, according to an estimate in 2012, made up 50.7 percent of the country's population and represents the largest religious community in the country. The Muslims in Bosnia are almost exclusively Bosniaks , whose ancestors converted to Islam mainly in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries (see also Slavic Muslims ). Smaller minorities of immigrant Muslim Albanians , Macedonians and Turks live in the country . General religiosity is increasing.

history

Bosnian War

During the massacre in Ahmici in 1993 destroyed mosque

In the Bosnian War , most of the mosques and almost all historically important ones were deliberately destroyed, mostly small and unimportant mosques were spared. The aim was to remove Islamic culture from the cityscape. In the course of this policy, ethnic cleansing and the targeted destruction of archives, museums and libraries took place (for example the national library by Serbian troops).

Destruction of Islamic Buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1995)
building Destroyed Damaged All in all
of Serbs of Croatians All in all of Serbs of Croatians All in all All in all Before the war proportion of
Friday mosques 249 58 307 540 80 620 927 1,149 81%
Mosques 21st 20th 41 175 43 218 259 557 47%
Madrasahs 14th 4th 18th 55 14th 69 87 954 9%
Tekken 4th 1 5 3 1 4th 9 15th 60%
Türbe 6th 1 7th 34 3 37 44 90 49%
other Waqufs buildings 125 24 149 345 60 405 554 1,425 39%
All in all 419 108 527 1,152 201 1,353 1,880 4,190 45%

Religious identity

The flag of the Muslim Bosniaks that can be found inside or outside of any mosque.

In Bosnia, a national and religious awakening can be observed, particularly among the youth, in the course of increased identification with ethnic heritage, largely as a result of the Bosnian War . This development is favored by multimillion-dollar investments made by some Gulf states such as Saudi Arabia, which primarily promote a strictly conservative or fundamentalist interpretation of Islam, which is increasingly displacing the traditionally rather tolerant Bosnian Islam.

Many Muslim women now - especially in the cities - follow the Islamic dress code , which was mostly ignored before the war. On the other hand, the religion enjoys the greatest support from the rural areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and less popularity in urban centers such as the capital Sarajevo or Banja Luka .

Islamic Faith Community

Mustafa Cerić has headed the Islamic Faith Community of Bosnia-Herzegovina ( Islamska zajednica , IZ BiH) for 19 years since the Bosnian War . Cerić was replaced in this capacity as Reisu-l-ulema ( Grand Mufti ) of Bosnia and Herzegovina in November 2012 by Husein Kavazović , formerly Mufti of Tuzla. Sejad Mekić , who initially trained at the Elči-Ibrahim-Pascha-Medresa in Travnik , was one of the Muslim delegation participants in the 2nd seminar of the Catholic-Muslim Forum in Rome in 2008 .

Islamic buildings

There are over a thousand mosques in Bosnia and Herzegovina, many of them among the oldest in Europe.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Popis 2013 and BiH. In: www.statistika.ba. Retrieved August 1, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Rezultati popisa: U BiH živi 3.531.159 stanovnika. June 29, 2016, accessed August 1, 2016 .
  3. ↑ a b USA Department of State: International Religious Freedom Report 2007 - Bosnia and Herzegovina
  4. ↑ U BiH sanjaju islamsku Bosnu
  5. ↑ The government's Census Bureau does not collect data on religious affiliation. The percentages relate to the estimates in the UN Development Program's Human Development Report 2002 quoted by the US Department of State
  6. ↑ Maya Shatzmiller: Islam and Bosnia: Conflict Resolution and Foreign Policy in Multi-Ethnic States . Queens University School of Policy, 2002, pp. 100 .
  7. ↑ a b "Bosnia and Herzegovina: International Religious Freedom Report 2006". U.S. Department of State Offices for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, September 15, 2006, accessed January 4, 2011 .
  8. ↑ Islamization in Sarajevo: Metropolis of Minarets by Walter Mayr, Spiegel, December 24, 2009
  9. ^ New religious leader for Muslims in Bosnia Zoran Arbutina, Deutsche Welle, October 19, 2012
  10. ↑ see also rijaset.ba ( Islamske zajednice u Bosni i Hercegovini )
  11. ↑ acommonword.com: Delegations to the 'Second Catholic-Muslim Forum' ( A common word between us and you )