János Kardos

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János Kardos (born February 13, 1801 in Norsincz, Kingdom of Hungary , † August 12, 1873 in Hodos , ibid) was a Protestant clergyman , educator , writer and translator .

Live and act

Tomb of János Kardos and his granddaughter Sarolta in the local cemetery of Hodoš in Slovenia.

János Kardos ( Janoš Kardoš in Slovenian ) was born as the son of a simple farmer family who ran a small farm in Norsincz (today Noršinci, Moravske Toplice municipality in Slovenia ) as landholders of Count Batthyány . His parents György (Georg) and Magdolna Kardos, née von Kercsmár (she came from a small aristocratic family), were " Wenden ", as the Slovene population of today's Übermur area was called at the time and belonged to the Protestant religious community in the Tótság district, which numbered around eleven thousand souls of the Eisenburg County .

First Kardos attended the evangelical parish school in neighboring Puczincz (today Puconci in Slovenia) and later those in Hodos (today Hodoš / Örihodos in Slovenia) and Senyeháza (today part of Bajánsenye in Hungary ). In 1817 he moved to Ödenburg (today Sopron in Hungary) and continued his education there at the Protestant Lyceum . He then began studying theology , which he completed in Vienna in 1827 .

On August 15, 1830, Kardos was ordained a Protestant priest and then provided pastoral care in the Protestant parish of Szepetnek in the Zala County for three and a half years. After the death of the priest György Czipott he took over as his successor on February 2, 1835, the pastor of Hodos in the Eisenburger County.

In this ethnically mixed Protestant parish in the hill country of the upper Kerka , where the Tótság and the Örség meet , Kardos developed his energetic work as a priest and teacher. In addition, as an excellent expert on the Hungarian literature of the time and the dialects of his compatriots, he began to work with extensive translations from the areas of church doctrine, religious instruction , school education and beautiful literature .

In 1845, Kardos was appointed dean of the Protestant elementary schools in the area of ​​the Eisenburg county populated by Slovenia. This enabled him to significantly alleviate the pressure of deethnization on the "Wendish population" that was already beginning at that time, which was particularly evident in language teaching and the school books used for this purpose.

After Kardos received relief in the parish area through his son Adam, who was active as an assistant priest in the parish of Hodos from around 1860, he was able to turn increasingly to literature. During this time, his translations of respected contemporaries such as: János Arany , Mór Jókai , Sándor Kisfaludy , Sándor Petőfi and Mihály Vörösmarty from Hungarian into Tótság dialect, today's Prekmurian (Prekmurščina in Slovene) were made.

In 1873 János Kardos died at the age of 72 in Hodos and was buried in the cemetery of his parish.

Works (selection)

  • Krátki návuk krsztsansztva , 1837 (Short Christian Doctrine )
  • Mála historia bibliszka , 1840 ( Short Biblical Story)
  • Krsztsanszke czerkevne peszmi , 1848 (Christian hymns )
  • Krsztsanszke mrtvecsne peszmi , 1848 (Christian funeral songs )
  • Mrtvecsne nove molitvi , 1850 kézirat (New Burial Prayers)
  • Pobo'zne molítvi za poszebno csészt bo'zo , 1853 (Pious prayers for the special glory of God)
  • ABC ali Návuk na píszajocs-cstenyé za szlovenszke vucsevnice vödáni , 1867 (New Abecedarium)

Awards and honors

  • In the center of Moravske Toplice the church square bears his name: "Janoš Kardoš trg".

literature

  • Franc Šebjanič: The Protestant Movement of the Pannonian Slovenes , Pomurska založba, Murska Sobota, 1979.
  • Franc Šebjanič: Protestantsko gibanje panonskih Slovencev (Od začetkov reformacije do obdobja dualistične ureditve Avstro-Ogrske) Pomurska založba, Murska Sobota, 1977.
  • JC von Thiele: The Kingdom of Hungary , Volume 2, Košice, 1833.
  • Johann von Csaplovics : Croats and Wends in Hungary , Pressburg, 1829.
  • Johann Matthias Korabinsky : Geographical-historical and product lexicon of Hungary , Preßburg, 1786

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Geographical names and place names see Thiele p. 41ff. and Korabinsky.
  2. ↑ On ethnology, see Csaplovics, p. 49 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Kardos, János
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kardoš, Janoš
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Slovenian writer and translator
DATE OF BIRTH February 13, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Norsincz, Kingdom of Hungary
DATE OF DEATH August 12, 1873
Place of death Hodos, Kingdom of Hungary