Yakovlev Yak-15
| Yakovlev Yak-15 | |
|---|---|
 Replica of the Jak-15 in the Wadim Sadoroschny Technical Museum |
|
| Type: | Fighter plane |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
April 24, 1946 |
| Commissioning: |
1947 |
| Production time: |
1947-1948 |
| Number of pieces: |
280 |
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The Jakowlew Jak-15 ( Russian Яковлев Як-15 , NATO code name "Type 2" ) was, together with the MiG-9, the first Soviet jet fighter aircraft that was mass-produced and used by the air force .
development
When designing the machine, Alexander Jakowlew largely relied on the Jak-3 , from which he also took over most of the assemblies. Only the bow had to be changed due to the new drive. The first rolling tests on the ground took place from December 5th to 10th. On April 24, 1946, Mikhail I. Ivanov flew the prototype equipped with an RD-10 engine, a Jumo-004 replica, for the first time . Subsequently, 19 flights with a total flight time of 6 hours and 34 minutes were carried out up to June 22nd. Shortly thereafter, Ivanov presented the Yak-15 to the public for the first time on August 3rd during the Tushino Air Parade. The first flight tests of twelve pre-production machines began on October 5th of the same year with an RD-10 engine. In May 1947, all tests were completed and series production began, with 280 machines leaving the production halls in the same year as the following year.
The main purpose of the Jak-15 was to familiarize pilots , who are used to piston-engine aircraft, with the new propeller-free jet propulsion system and the handling of the machines equipped with it. During the annual air parade in 1948, a group of Jak-15 performed some figures of higher aerobatics , which demonstrated the capabilities of this new type. A prototype built as Jak-154 or Jak-15U was later called Jak-17 and marked the beginning of the further development of the Jak-15. The two-seater trainer variant Jak-21 , implemented in only one prototype , was not pursued any further due to the success of the Jak-17UTI.
construction
The Jak-15 was a composite construction, the fuselage consisted of a welded tubular steel construction and was clad with sheet metal in the bow area and covered with fabric in the rear. The wings, arranged in a middle-decker configuration, were made of wood with spars made of metal. The main wheels of the landing gear could be retracted into the wings. The tail wheel, which had to be made entirely of steel because of the hot jet of exhaust gas from the engine, was pulled into the rear of the fuselage. The engine was built into the nose of the fuselage at a slight incline, which is why the continuous wing main spar was given a horseshoe-shaped curvature and a fireproof steel cladding in the area of the turbine.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| crew | 1 pilot |
| span | 9.20 m |
| length | 8.78 m |
| height | 2.20 m |
| Wing area | 14.80 m² |
| Empty mass | 2,350 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 2,638 kg |
| Engine | an RD-10A turbine air jet engine |
| Starting power | 8.92 kN |
| Top speed | 700 km / h near the ground, 805 km / h at an altitude of 5,000 m |
| Rate of climb | 17.6 m / s |
| Rise time | 4.8 min at 5,000 m altitude 17.5 min at 10,000 m altitude |
| Summit height | 13,350 m |
| Range | 510 km |
| Armament | two 23-mm - automatic cannons Nudelman-Suranow NS-23 in the bow with 60 grenades |
See also
literature
- Wilfried Copenhagen : Soviet fighters . Transpress, Berlin 1985, p. 166/167 .
- Wolfgang Sellenthin: Jet- powered aircraft of the war and post-war period . In: Aviator Calendar of the GDR 1982 . Military Publishing House of the GDR, Berlin 1981, p. 220/221 .
- Heinz A. F. Schmidt: Soviet planes . Transpress, Berlin 1971, p. 97 .
- Wolfgang Counting: Jakowlew Jak-15. The first Soviet jet trainer . In: FLiEGERREVUE X . No. 74 . PPV Medien, 2018, ISSN 2195-1233 , p. 76-83 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ulf Gerber: The great book of Soviet aviation 1920–1990. Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2019, ISBN 978-3-95966-403-5 , p. 611
- ↑ Nikolai Jakubowitsch: Jak-15/17. In: Aviation Classics. No. 01/2016, pp. 28-35.
- ^ Karl-Heinz Eyermann , Wolfgang Sellenthin: The air parades of the USSR. Central Board of the Society for German-Soviet Friendship, 1967. S. 37/38.