Yakovlev Yak-42
| Yakovlev Yak-42 | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Type: | Three-engine airliner |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
March 7, 1975 |
| Commissioning: |
1980 |
| Production time: |
1979 to 2003 |
| Number of pieces: |
183 |
The Jakowlew Jak-42 ( Russian Яковлев Як-42 ) is a three-engine , civil airliner produced from 1979 to 2003 for up to 126 passengers, which was developed by OKB Jakowlew in the Soviet Union .
history
The Jak-42 took over the concept of its predecessor Jak-40 in the mid-1970s , but was a lot bigger. The straight wing of the machine with the registration number СССР-1974, which was still installed at the beginning of development, gave way to an arrow on the second prototype. All prototypes had main landing gear with two wheels each, with the first series machine main landing gear with four wheels each was introduced. The Jak-42 was built in Saratov and Smolensk and began flight operations in 1980. 188 units had been delivered by 1993. Shortly after flight operations began, there were a number of accidents due to vibrations in the tail section of the aircraft. As a result, flight operations were suspended until Yakovlev had made the necessary modifications in 1985. Another temporary cessation of flight operations occurred after the accident of a Jak-42 on YAK service flight 9633 in September 2011. The NATO code name of the aircraft type is "Clobber" .
construction
The Jak-42 is designed as a narrow-fuselage aircraft in low-wing design and serves the short and smaller medium- haul routes . It has certain similarities with the Boeing 727 (for example in fuselage diameter, engine configuration and range), even if it is significantly shorter and therefore has a lower capacity.
variants
The Jak-42D with a higher payload has been built since 1990.
Only a prototype was built of the improved version, initially called Jak-42A , later called Jak-142 or Jak-42D-100 , with new Iwchenko Progress D-436T1 engines and digital western avionics from Allied Signal and an EFIS cockpit. which was exhibited at the Aerosalon 1993 in Paris. This machine is used by Lukoil as a company jet.
The project of a Jak-42D with only two Perm-PS-90A12 engines with 117 kN thrust each under the wings was called Jak-242 . The Irkut MS-21 later emerged from this project .
Incidents
The exact number of accidents of Soviet aircraft types is difficult to determine compared to Western types. There is no reliable information about accidents before the turning point. An incomplete comparison is, however, possible via the Aviation Safety Network websites. Accordingly, there were 9 total losses from the first flight in 1975 to March 2020 with Yakovlev Jak-42. In 8 of them 570 people were killed. Extracts:
- On June 28, 1982, 132 people died in the crash of an Aeroflot Yak-42 ( aircraft registration number СССР-42529 ). Flight operations with this type were discontinued until the end of 1984 and the construction of the horizontal stabilizer trim changed (see Aeroflot flight 8641 ) .
- On July 31, 1992, a Jak-42D from China General Aviation (B-2755) crashed back onto the runway after an unsuccessful abortion at Nanjing-Dajiaochang Airport ( China ) and slid around 600 meters behind the end of the runway because the horizontal stabilizer trim was incorrectly set prevented a normal flight condition. 108 of the 126 occupants died (see also China General Aviation Flight 7552 ) .
- On November 20, 1993, a Yak-42D of the Russian Saravia (RA-42390) was flown into a mountain near Ohrid Airport (Macedonia). In this CFIT ( Controlled flight into terrain ) all 116 occupants were killed (see also Avioimpex flight 110 ) .
- On September 7, 2011, a Yak-42D of the Russian YAK Service (RA-42434) crashed shortly after taking off from Yaroslavl Airport . The machine did not take off until 400 meters past the end of the 3000 meter long runway, as one of the pilots kept his feet on the brake pedals. Of the 45 occupants, only one crew member survived. The machine was on the flight from Yaroslavl to Minsk (see YAK service flight 9633 ) .
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Yakovlev |
| Type | Medium-haul airliner |
| crew | 2 |
| Passengers | 90-126 |
| length | 36.38 m |
| span | 34.88 m |
| height | 9.83 m |
| Wing area | 150 m² |
| Wing extension | 8.1 |
| Empty mass | 34,500 kg |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 57,000 kg |
| Cruising speed | 750 km / h ( Mach 0.69) |
| Service ceiling | 9,600 m |
| Range | 2,800 km |
| Engines | three Lotarev D-36 - turbofan engines , depending 63.7 kN |
See also
Web links
- Manufacturer's website (Russian)
- Information on all types
- List of registered incidents of the Yakovlev Yak-42 at the Aviation Safety Network, September 10, 2011
Individual evidence
- ↑ Як-42 Скорость. Размеры. Вместимость. Расход топлива. История. Дальность полета. oruzhie.info, accessed August 10, 2020 (Russian).
- ↑ Jefim Gordon , Dmitri Komissarow, Sergei Komissarow: OKB Yakovlev: A History of the Design Bureau and Its Aircraft . ISBN 978-1-85780-203-0 .
- ↑ David Kaminski-Morrow: Yak-42 flights suspended after fatal Yaroslavl crash. In: flightglobal.com. September 7, 2011, accessed September 27, 2011 .
- ↑ RA-42424 Yakovlev Yak-42D Lukoil-Avia. (JPG) In: jetphotos.com. Retrieved July 30, 2018 .
- ^ Airliners.net. (JPG) In: airliners.net. Retrieved October 29, 2017 .
- ^ Yakovlev Yak-142. Photo. The history and properties. In: de.avia.pro. April 1, 2015, accessed July 30, 2018 .
- ↑ Yakovlev Yak-142 production list. In: rzjets.net. Retrieved October 29, 2017 .
- ↑ Jakowlew Jak-242 (Sukhoi)
- ↑ Accident statistics Yakovlev Yak-42 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on April 3, 2020.
- ^ Accident report Jak-42 B-2755 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on December 14, 2018.
- ^ Accident report Jak-42 RA-42390 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on April 3, 2020.
- ↑ Airplane crashed with ice hockey team on board , Der Standard , September 7, 2011
- ↑ Russia: 44 people die in plane crash , Focus , September 7, 2011
- ^ Accident report Jak-42 RA-42434 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on April 3, 2020.
- ↑ Yak-42D Passenger Aircraft on the Jakowlew website (English)
- ↑ Calculator for the speed of sound and Mach number, on cactus2000.de