Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda

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Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda (by Gustav Schlick )
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Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda - also Jan Křtitel Václav Kalivoda (born February 21, 1801 in Prague , † December 3, 1866 in Karlsruhe ) was a composer , conductor and violinist .

Life

Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda (1801–1866) Kapellmeister, monument, unveiled on August 3, 1902, erected by Max Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg (1863–1941), location: Donaueschingen in the Fürstlich Fürstenbergischen Park. 47 ° 56'52.6 "N 8 ° 30'21.6" E, 47.947947, 8.506000
Monument, unveiled on August 3, 1902, erected by Max Egon , Fürst zu Fürstenberg (1863–1941), location: Donaueschingen in the Fürstlich Fürstenbergischen Park.

Kalliwoda is a typical child of the Habsburg multi-ethnic state. His father Anton came from Moravia , his mother Theresia (née Kolni) from Hungary , both apparently belonging to the German-speaking minority, and he was born in the Bohemian city of Prague. In 1811 he began studying at the Prague Conservatory a . a. with Friedrich Dionys Weber (theory and composition) and Friedrich Wilhelm Pixis (violin). He remained a student at the conservatory for five years; because of excellent performance he was one of four students who received a scholarship of 50 guilders for the final year of study. His first public appearances as a solo violinist also fell during this last year of apprenticeship: On March 26, 1816, he performed two movements of a violin concerto by Pierre Rode in a concert by the Conservatory students . In October 1816 he left the conservatory; and director Friedrich Dionys Weber wrote in his graduation certificate that his violin playing showed "in addition to a beautiful mechanical skill also a spirit in the performance", but above all he revealed "a decisive talent for instrumental composition", in which he "excelled in front of everyone". He immediately found a job as a violinist in the Prague Theater Orchestra, of which he was a member until the end of 1821. From 1818 he appeared in public with compositions, initially with overtures, from 1820 also with orchestral compositions for the violin, which he performed himself.

In January 1822 he embarked on a concert tour through Austria and southern Germany, which took him a. a. led to Linz , Munich and Donaueschingen , where Prince Karl Egon II offered him the position of court conductor, which Conradin Kreutzer had held until his departure . Kalliwoda accepted, but initially returned to Prague, where he married the singer Therese Brunetti (1803-1892) in October . At the end of 1822 he took up the post in Donaueschingen, which he held until 1866.

He composed, directed the court opera, performed as a soloist and taught the prince's children. For four decades he organized a rich musical life at the Fürstenberg court . Not only were numerous own compositions from all genres performed, but also works by other composers. He invited Clara and Robert Schumann as well as Franz Liszt to Donaueschingen. While the prince not only gave his conductor a Stradivarius , but also granted him generous vacations for concert tours through Europe, the latter thanked his employer by declining tempting offers from Cologne, Mannheim, Dessau, Leipzig and Prague.

Kalliwoda's activity in Donaueschingen was interrupted by the German Revolution of 1848/49 , the dissolution of the princely court orchestra and the fire of the 18th century theater in 1850. He went to his children in Karlsruhe and was only in 1857 by Karl Egon III. recalled to the small residence on the Baar, where he was unable to rebuild the concert business.

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In 1866 Kalliwoda retired and moved permanently to Karlsruhe, where he died of a heart attack that same year. There is a memorial plaque on the house where he died at Amalienstraße 39, and Prince von Fürstenberg had a memorial erected for him in the Donaueschingen palace gardens.

Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda was the father of the Badischer Hofkapellmeister Wilhelm Kalliwoda (1827-1893).

Works (selection)

Kalliwoda left behind more than 500 works, 243 of which have opus numbers. His work includes operas , sacred and secular vocal works, symphonies , overtures , concert works, chamber music and piano compositions. The extensive musical legacy of Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda is now kept in the Badische Landesbibliothek in Karlsruhe.

The uncommented year numbers in brackets indicate the year the composition was completed; if this is not known, the year of the first printing is given with a preceding "ed." and without brackets. Works with opus numbers appeared in print during Kalliwoda's lifetime; Works counted as WoO (= work without opus number) remained unprinted.

Stage works

Operas

  • Princess Christine, Singspiel in three acts WoO V / 01 (World premiere: November 4, 1828, Donaueschingen)
  • Billibambuff's honeymoon, carnival game in three acts WoO V / 07 (Pasticcio; first performance March 2, 1840, Donaueschingen)
  • Blanda, the silver birch, Romantic opera in three acts WoO V / 02 (World premiere: November 29, 1847, Prague)
  • Four opera fragments
  • Numerous insert numbers to operas, e.g. B. on Mozart's La clemenza di Tito and Don Giovanni , on Rossini's La gazza ladra and L'inganno felice ,

Vocal music

Spiritually

  • 11 mass settings in different formations; in print appeared: Große Festmesse in A major for soli, choir and orchestra op. 137 (first performance April 19, 1843, Donaueschingen), Mainz 1845, as well as Missa a tre for 3-part mixed choir with Carus
  • 5 individual mass movements for a voice with organ / piano
  • 7 Requiems and funeral settings
  • 6 Te Deum settings (5 for choir and orchestra; 1 for a cappella choir)
  • Approx. 20 hymns in different formations

Worldly

  • 15 cantatas, hymns and New Year's songs
  • Over 60 chants for a cappella choir

Instrumental music

Orchestral works

  • 7 symphonies: No. 1 in F minor, Op. 7 (1824); No. 2 in E flat major, op.17 (1826/27; rev. 1829); No. 3 in D minor, Op. 32 (1830); No. 4 in C major op. 60 (1835); No. 5 in B minor, Op. 106 (1840); No. 6 in F major op. 132 (1843); No. 7 in G minor WoO I / 01 (1841)
  • 24 [concert] overtures, 19 of them numbered by Kalliwoda: No. 1 in D minor, op. 38, ed. 1833; No. 2 in F major op.44 (1832); No. 3 in C major op. 55 (1832); No. 4 in E major, Op. 56 (1835); No. 5 in D minor, Op. 76, ed. 1838; No. 6 in E flat major op. 85 (1838); No. 7 in C minor, Op. 101 (1839); No. 8 in A major op. 108 Ouverture pastorale (approx. 1842); No. 9 in C major op. 126 Ouverture solenelle (approx. 1843); No. 10 in F minor, Op. 142 (1842); No. 11 in B flat major op. 143 (1846); No. 12 in D major op.145 (1843?), Ed. 1848; No. 13 in E flat major WoO I / 02 (1849); No. 14 in C minor, Op. 206 (1854); No. 15 in E major, Op. 226 (1858); No. 16 in A minor, Op. 238, ed. 1863; No. 17 in F minor, Op. 242, ed. 1864; No. 18 in F major WoO I / 03 (approx. 1865); No. 19 in E minor WoO I / 04 (1865); five further overtures (WoO I / 5–9, probably before 1822)
  • Some marches, fantasies, waltzes etc. for orchestra

Works for one or more solo instruments with instrumental accompaniment

With orchestra, unless otherwise stated.

  • 3 violin concertos: E major op. 9 (1821), ed. 1828; E minor WoO II / 01 (approx. 1829); D major WoO II / 02 (lost)
  • 8 concertini for violin, 6 of which were counted by Kalliwoda: No. 1 in E major op. 15 (1829); No. 2 in A major op. 30 (1831); No. 3 in D major op. 72 (1835); No. 4 in C major, Op. 100, ed. 1840; No. 5 in A minor, Op. 133 (approx. 1844, from a violin concerto written in 1840); No. 6 in D major op. 151, ed. 1848; E major WoO II / 04 (approx. 1843); F major WoO II / 05 (approx. 1843)
  • Numerous individual pieces (variations, divertissements, fantasies, potpourris, rondos etc.) for violin and orchestra
  • 6 individual pieces for two violins: Variations brillants in E major op. 14 (1826); Concertante in A major op.20 (1830); Concert Variations in E major op. 83 (1838); Introduction and Rondo in E major op. 109 (approx. 1842); Introduction and Polka in A major op.196 (approx. 1854)
  • 4 individual pieces for piano: Rondo in E flat major op. 16 (1829); Variations and Rondo in B flat major op. 71 (approx. 1837); Introduction and Rondo in F major op. 82, ed. 1838; Fantasy in E major WoO II / 16 (1863)
  • 4 individual pieces for flute: Divertissement in G major op. 52 (1831 or 1833); Divertissement for flute and strings in A major op. 80 (1837); Rondo in A major II / 20 (1832); Variations in G major WoO II / 23 (1829/31)
  • 3 individual pieces for oboe: Concertino for oboe in F major op. 110, ed. 1841; Allegro brilliant for oboe and wind instruments in F major WoO II / 14 (unknown); Variations in C major WoO II / 24 (1828/30)
  • 2 individual pieces for clarinet: Introduction and Variations in B flat major op. 128 (1844); Variations in E flat major WoO II / 25 (1863)
  • 2 individual pieces for bassoon: Variations and Rondo in B flat major op. 57 (approx. 1835); Rondo in B flat major WoO II / 21 (= WoO II / 20 in the version for bassoon, 1832 or later)
  • 3 individual pieces for horn: Introduction and Rondo in F major op. 51 (1833); Adagio in F major WoO II / 12 (unknown); Rondoletto in F minor WoO II / 22 (1834)
  • 2 individual pieces for two horns: Divertissement in F major op. 59 (approx. 1835); Potpourri in B flat major WoO II / 18 (1826)
  • Concertino for flute and oboe in F major WoO II / 07 (1827)
  • Duo for violin, violoncello and strings in G minor WoO III / 15 (1832?)
  • Concertante for flute, violin and violoncello in A major op.48 (1833)

Chamber and piano music

  • Divertissement for piano quintet in C major op.66 (ca.1835)
  • Fantasia for two violins, two pianos and harmonium in D major WoO III / 20 (unknown)
  • Concert Variations for Piano Quartet in G major, Op. 129 (ca.1843)
  • 3 string quartets: No. 1 in E minor, op. 61 (approx. 1835); No. 2 in A major op. 62 (c. 1835); No. 3 in G major, op.90, ed. 1838
  • Approx. 10 individual movements for string quartet and quintet
  • Approx. 30 violin duos; 2 duos for violin and viola; Etudes for solo violin
  • Approx. 50 unique pieces for violin and piano; individual pieces for viola and piano or violoncello and piano
  • Sonata in G minor for piano four hands op.135, ed. 1845 (arrangement of the unprinted Symphony No. 7 in G minor WoO I / 01)
  • Approx. 20 unique pieces for piano four hands
  • Fantasia in E major for piano op.33, ed.1833
  • Piano Sonata in E flat major op 176 (1851)
  • Over 100 unique pieces for piano; some unique pieces for harmonium

Discography

  • Symphonies No. 5 in B minor, Op. 106 and No. 6 in F major, Op. 132; Pilsen Radio Orchestra, conductor: Jiří Malát (CRC 2123), 1992
  • Music for piano four hands (Symphony No. 1 in F minor, op. 7 arr. By Carl Czerny , Divertissement in F major, op. 28, 3 Grandes Marches, op. 26, Grande Sonate in G minor, op. 135); Duo Takezawa-Sisschka (Ars Produktion Schumacher FCD 368 408), 2001
  • Symphonies No. 5 in B minor, Op. 106 and No. 6 in F major, Op. 132; Hofkapelle Stuttgart, conductor: Frieder Bernius ( Orfeo C 677 061 A), 2006
  • Symphonies No. 5 in B minor, Op. 106 and No. 7 in G minor, WoO / 01, Overture No. 16 in A minor, Op. 238; The new orchestra, conductor: Christoph Spering ( cpo 777 139–2), 2006
  • Overture No. 12 in D major op. 145, Introduction and Variations in B major for clarinet and orchestra op. 128, Introduction and Rondo in F major for horn and orchestra op. 51, Symphony No. 3 in D minor op. 32; Dieter Klöcker , clarinet; Radovan Vlatkovic, horn; Hamburger Symphoniker , conducted by Johannes Moesus ( MDG 3291387-2), 2006
  • String Quartets No. 1 in E minor, Op. 61, No. 2 in A major, Op. 62, No. 3 in G major, Op. 90; Le Quatuor Talich (cal 9357), 2006
  • Overture No. 17 in F minor, Op. 242; Symphonies No. 2 in E flat major, Op. 17 and No. 4 in C major, Op. 60; The Cologne Academy, Head: Michael Alexander Willens (cpo 777 469-2), 2010
  • Overtures No. 3 in C major, Op. 55, No. 7 in C minor, Op. 101 and No. 10 in F minor, Op. 142; Concertini for violin and orchestra No. 1 in E major op 15 and No. 5 in A minor op. 133; Ariadne Daskalakis , violin; Cologne Academy, Head: Michael Alexander Willens (cpo 777 692-2), 2015

Documents

Letters from Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda are in the holdings of the Leipzig music publisher CF Peters in the Leipzig State Archives .

literature

  • Robert Schumann : Overtures by JW Kalliwoda op. 38 and op. 44 (1838), in: Collected writings on music and musicians , Volume 1, p. 240
  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Kalliwoda, Johann Wenzel . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 10th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1863, pp. 396–400 ( digitized version ).
  • Moritz Fürstenau :  Kalliwoda, Johann Wenzel . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 15, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1882, p. 39 f.
  • Karl Strunz, Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda (1801–1866). On the German-Austrian music history of the first half of the 19th century , Vienna 1910 ( lectures and treatises of the Austrian Leo Society 32, ZDB -ID 567200-4 ).
  • Jan Bušek, Leopold Jansa, Jan Václav Kalivoda, Jan Vaňhal. Trojice slavných českých mistrů houslí. Jejich život a působení , Prague 1926, pp. 13–42, (with catalog raisonné ).
  • Hugo Kaller: Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda on his 150th birthday , in: Musica 5, 1951, ISSN  0027-4518 , pp. 160-161.
  • Ulrich Feldhahn: Creator of the "Fürstenberger Hymne". A memorial commemorates the court composer Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda , in: Almanach 2001. Heimatjahrbuch des Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis, 25th episode, Vöhrenbach 2001, pp. 195–199.
  • László Strauss-Németh: Art. Kalliwoda, Johann Wenzel , in: The music in past and present . Second, revised edition, ed. by Ludwig Finscher, person part vol. 9, Kassel a. a. 2003, col. 1404-1410.
  • László Strauss-Németh, Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda and the music at the court of Donaueschingen , 2 volumes, Hildesheim et al. 2005 (also: Freiburg im Br., Univ., Diss., 2003).
    • Volume 1: Cultural-historical and analytical investigation . ISBN 3-487-12975-2 , ( Studies and Materials for Musicology 38, 1).
    • Volume 2: Complete catalog of works . ISBN 3-487-12976-0 , ( Studies and Materials for Musicology 38, 2).
  • Marianne Binz: Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda (1801-1866): Life picture of a princely court music director with a catalog raisonné , Göttingen: Hainholz, 2012, ISBN 978-3-86988-213-0

Web links

Commons : Jan Kalivoda  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Name form according to: Strauß-Németh (2003). Kalliwoda was baptized as "Johann Wenzel" and he drew with "Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda" throughout his life. According to his descendants, he did not speak a word of Czech.
  2. ↑ See Strauss-Németh (2005), Vol. 1, p. 46.
  3. ↑ Cf. Max Maria von Weber, Carl Maria von Weber. A picture of life , 3 volumes; Leipzig 1864–1866, Vol. 3, p. 107.
  4. ↑ Quotations from: Karl Strunz, "Kalliwoda", (1904), p. 276; László Strauss-Németh (2005), vol. 1, p. 49.
  5. ↑ See a retrospective concert report from Prague, in: Allgemeine Musikische Zeitung 22 (1820), Sp. 288–294; esp. Col. 289.
  6. ↑ Numbering, title and dates according to Strauss-Németh (2005), Vol. 2, passim; Data that deviate from the information provided by Strauss-Németh have been identified individually.
  7. ^ According to a correspondence report from Mannheim in the Allgemeine musischen Zeitung 26 (1824), Sp. 507, Kalliwoda already performed his F minor symphony in the first half of 1824; it did not have its world premiere in December 1825, as many have claimed. The work is likely to have been composed in the course of Kalliwoda's first year of service (1823) in Donaueschingen and to have been completed by early 1824 at the latest.
  8. ↑ Bert Hagels: "Foreword"; in: Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda, Symphony No. 2 in E flat major op. 17 , Berlin 2010, p. XIVff.
  9. ↑ Bert Hagels: "Foreword"; in: Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda, Concertino for violin and orchestra No. 5 in A minor, op. 133 , Berlin 2010, pp. III – VI.
personal data
SURNAME Kalliwoda, Johann Wenzel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kalliwoda, Johann Baptist Wenzel; Kalivoda, Jan Křtitel Václav; Kalivoda, Jan Václav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer, conductor and violinist
DATE OF BIRTH February 21, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH December 3, 1866
Place of death Karlsruhe