Joachim von Pfeil

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Pfeil with his second wife Anna around 1900

Joachim Graf von Pfeil and Klein-Ellguth (born December 30, 1857 in Neurode , Neurode district , Lower Silesia ; †  March 12, 1924 in Friedersdorf , Lauban district ) was a German explorer of Africa .

Life

Joachim Friedrich Graf von Pfeil and Klein Ellguth came from the arrow family . In 1873 he went on a journey, initially with the Hermannsburg Mission to Hermannsburg in Natal in southern Africa . From there he moved inland, settled in the Drakensberg Mountains in the Orange Free State , and ran agriculture and cattle breeding there . With a trip in 1882, Pfeil explored areas of the Limpopo region.

In 1883 he returned to Germany and supported the idea of ​​a German colonization of East Africa .

He went to Zanzibar in 1884 with Carl Peters , Karl Ludwig Jühlke and August Otto . With his companions he passed through Usegua and Usagara on the East African mainland. While Peters and Jühlke returned to the East African coast, Pfeil and Otto initially stayed in Usagara to set up the first German station there. In May 1885 he went from Usegua to Kutu , which he was able to acquire through contracts for the German-East African Society . Then he drove down the Rufiji and a few months later crossed the Rubeho Mountains , penetrated the land of the Wahehe and in December 1885 was the first European to explore the Ulanga , the upper reaches of the Rufiji.

Map of Graf Pfeil's travels through the Useguha area (German East Africa) in 1887

From December 1886 to May 1887 he traveled up the Pangani and crossed Usegua from north to south. He returned in July and then entered the service of the New Guinea Company . He undertook an expedition into the interior of New Guinea and then took a position in the administration of the Bismarck Archipelago , where he crossed New Mecklenburg , among other things . An illness forced him to leave the South Seas . After a longer stay in Java , he returned to Europe in October 1889.

From June to November 1892, Pfeil traveled the country from the Orange River to Windhoek and Walvis Bay on behalf of the Syndicate for the settlement in German South West Africa . 1895 to 1897 was his brother Marcus (1859-1916), with whom he is often confused, imperial consul in the Portuguese colony of Mozambique , based in the capital Lourenço Marques .

1897 and 1899 he took part in some travel agent in Morocco Theodor Fischer's part, which followed 1,901 more trips to Morocco.

Pfeil was married in second marriage to Anna Freiin von Minutoli, the only daughter of Alexander Freiherr von Minutoli-Woldeck . From his first marriage in 1890 to Gertrud Leo, there were twins in 1891, and the mother died when they were born. The sons Toni and Fritz also died in 1908 and 1918, respectively. The second marriage to Anna remained childless, so the couple adopted the nephew Ortwin Graf von Pfeil-Minutoli in 1922 to arrange the succession of the estates. This fell in 1942 in the Caucasus .

Since 1906 he was a member of the Corps Guestphalia Jena .

Joachim Graf von Pfeil and Klein-Ellguth died on March 12, 1924 in Friedersdorf bei Lauban, his widow Anna in 1936.

Fonts

  • Suggestions for practical colonization in East Africa. Rosenbaum & Hart, Berlin 1888, ( digitized ; 2nd edition, ibid. 1890).
  • Studies and observations from the South Seas. F. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig 1899, ( digitized ).
  • The foundation of the Boerenstaat. Meinecke, Berlin 1899.
  • Geographical observations in Morocco. In: Communications from the Geographical Society (for Thuringia) to Jena. Vol. 20, 1902, ZDB -ID 501248-x , pp. 1-105 .
  • Accompanying words to the route map of my travels in Morocco. In: Communications from the Geographical Society (for Thuringia) to Jena. Vol. 21, 1903, pp. 1-60 .
  • Why do we need Morocco? (= Pamphlets of the Pan-German Association. 18, ZDB -ID 1019621-3 ). JF Lehmann, Munich 1904.
  • To acquire German East Africa. A contribution to its history. K. Curtius, Berlin 1907, ( digitized version ).
  • An eventful life. Experiences from his youth told for the youth. Costenoble, Jena 1911.
  • Morocco. Economic possibilities and prospects (= Oceanography. Vol. 6, Issue 2 = No. 62, ZDB -ID 513408-0 ). Mittler, Berlin 1912.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Nationaal Herbarium Nederland: Pfeil (and Klein Ellguth), Joachim Friedrich Graf von . Entry on www.nationaalherbarium.nl (English)
  2. ^ Rochus Schmidt : Germany's colonies. Volume 1. Verlag des Verein der Bücherfreunde - Schall & Grund, Berlin 1898, p. 12 ff. (Reprint by Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1998, ISBN 3-8289-0301-0 ).
  3. Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 70 , 412

Web links

Commons : Joachim von Pfeil and Klein Ellguth  - Collection of images, videos and audio files