Johann Arnold Anton Zwicke

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Johann Arnold Anton Zwicke (born December 27, 1722 in Lippstadt ; † September 8, 1778 in Königslutter ) was a German Evangelical Lutheran theologian and reform pedagogue .

Life

Johann Arnold Anton Zwicke was born in 1722 in Lippstadt, Westphalia, as the son of the preacher at the local Nicolaikirche , M. Stephan Zwicke († 1729). He attended the grammar school in his hometown until 1736 and then received further lessons until 1738 in Bielefeld and until 1740 in Osnabrück. Here the rector of the Ratsgymnasium and later Braunschweig superintendent Johann Christoph Köcher was one of his teachers. From 1740 Zwicke studied philosophy and oriental languages as well as Protestant theology at the University of Halle with Siegmund Jakob Baumgarten , Benedikt Gottlieb Clauswitz and Johann Georg Knapp . Zwicke worked from 1743 to 1746 in Halle (Saale) as a teacher ( informator ) at the Pedagogy of the Francke Foundations , which were founded on the Pietistic ideas of August Hermann Francke († 1727). There he became adjunct of the inspector in 1746 and after his death from 1747 to 1750 inspector of the pedagogy .

In 1750, Duke Karl I called him to Braunschweig , where Zwicke was appointed pastor at St. Marien and St. Leonhard and director of the orphanage school . This was fundamentally redesigned by him. The model for him was the economic-mathematical secondary school of pastor Johann Julius Hecker in Berlin, which had existed since 1747 . On the basis of a new canon of subjects, natural sciences and modern languages, among other things, were taught. The orphanage school, which later became very respected, was soon regarded as a model school in Braunschweig and was not only accessible to orphans, but also to external students. In 1751, at Zwicke's suggestion, a teachers' seminar and the orphanage printing house were set up. A second teacher training college was established in Wolfenbüttel in 1753 . He was involved in the creation of the rural school regulations of the Duchy of Braunschweig from 1753, as well as the Holzminden school regulations of 1756. In 1753 he visited several rural schools on behalf of the ducal, whose poor condition he criticized. In 1755 he drafted a reform plan for the school system in Braunschweig, which was rejected by the magistrate. In 1754, Zwicke was appointed superintendent of the Camping Inspection , which he held until his death. In 1759 he moved to Königslutter, where he took over the pastoral position at the town church in March of that year and was promoted to general superintendent . In Königslutter he continued his educational reform work. Zwicke died in Königslutter in September 1778 at the age of 55.

literature

Fonts (selection)

  • Preliminary news of the current condition of the school in the lordly large Waysenhaus in Braunschweig for the sake of those who inquire about it . Orphanage printing house, Braunschweig 1754. ( digitized version )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Mark Opalka: Zwicke, Johann Arnold Anton . In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 759 .
  2. ^ Zwicke, (Johann Arnold Anton). In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 64, Leipzig 1750, column 1600-1602.
  3. ↑ Hans-Georg Aschoff : The Welfs. From the Reformation to 1918 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2010, p. 103.
personal data
SURNAME Zwicke, Johann Arnold Anton
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian and reform pedagogue
DATE OF BIRTH December 27, 1722
PLACE OF BIRTH Lippstadt
DATE OF DEATH September 8, 1778
Place of death Königslutter