Josef Mühlberger

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Josef Mühlberger (born April 3, 1903 in Trautenau in Bohemia , Austria-Hungary , † July 2, 1985 in Eislingen / Fils ) was a Sudeten German writer , translator and journalist .

Life

Josef Mühlberger grew up in Trautenau and joined in the 1920s with his older brother Alois Mühlberger (born July 14, 1891 in Marschendorf near Trautenau; † May 7, 1965 in Göppingen ), who was named Dr. phil. tried to reform the school system in Czechoslovakia , the Jungvölkischer Bund . As the sons of a German father and a Czech mother, an understanding between Germans and Czechs was important to them all their lives . Joseph studied at the Charles University in Prague German and Slavic Studies and a doctorate in 1926 in August Sauer on the seal of the Sudeten Germans in the last 50 years Dr. phil. He then spent a year at Uppsala University in Sweden, where he studied art history and philosophy.

In 1928 Josef Mühlberger founded the art and literary magazine Witiko , named after Adalbert Stifter 's novel of the same name , which he edited together with Johannes Stauda until 1930 and which was continued in the association magazine of the Witikobund . In 1930 he toured Dalmatia with some friends , the folklore of which was to play an essential role in his stories several times. Mühlberger was friends with Max Brod . He also worked on the Sudetenland magazine . He was a high school teacher in his hometown Trutnov .

The National Socialists attacked Mühlberger for his connections with Czech and Jewish authors as well as for the choice of his motifs from the Czech cultural area; In 1938 he became a member of the Sudeten German Party , probably to come to terms with the new rulers. However, he was arrested for homosexuality . As a volunteer, he took part in World War II , which he ended as a US prisoner of war.

In 1934 Mühlberger's well-known book Die Knaben und der Fluß was published , in 2003 it was re-edited from his estate in the Insel-Bücherei . In this youth drama, the friendship of two boys is destroyed by the love for a girl; one chooses suicide so that the other can have the girl, a story which Hermann Hesse interprets appreciatively with the words "like a bird's melody, the most beautiful and simplest young poetry I've read in a long time" . Josef Mühlberger's linguistic art is convincing in this text to this day, but later found criticism in the choice of topics and their presentation. Contrary to a popular assertion, which, by the way, was not drawn up by Mühlberger himself, his books were not banned in National Socialist Germany , but they were no longer printed. In 1936 and 1937 further small works by Mühlberger appeared in Inselschiff and Insel Almanach .

After the Second World War, Josef Mühlberger and his brother Alois Mühlberger were forced to leave his native town of Trautenau ( Trutnov ) during the expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia in 1946 as a result of the Beneš decrees . Josef found a new home in Eislingen / Fils in Baden-Württemberg and worked as an editor, journalist, translator of Czech- language literature and writer. His two stories from this time "The Expulsion" and "Autumn Leaves" give a harrowing insight into the time he lived through. One of his well-known works is the novel Light above the Mountains , published in 1956 , which is set in the Giant Mountains .

Josef Mühlberger received numerous prizes and honors. Susanne Lange-Greve and the writer Tina Stroheker supported the somewhat forgotten man in the last years of his life. Since 1995, the Mühlberger Days of the "Association of Friends of Josef Mühlberger and His Literary Works eV" have been held every two years in Eislingen in honor of the poet, with awards ceremonies. His estate has come down to us in the East Wuerttemberg document archive .

Honors and prizes

Works

  • The boys and the river . Epilogue v. Peter Härtling . NA in der Insel Bücherei, Frankfurt 2003, ISBN 3-458-08581-5 .
    • Chlapci a řeka. (Czech edition). Translation v. Zdeněk Mareček. Publishing house Barrister & Principal, Brno / Brünn, and German Cultural Forum Eastern Europe, Potsdam 2003, ISBN for the Czech Republic: ISBN 80-86598-38-1 , for Germany: ISBN 3-936168-02-4 .
  • Selected works in 2 volumes. Ed. V. Frank-Lothar Kroll, Bonn 2004, ISBN 3-88557-211-7 .
  • Stories from the estate. eislinger edition, Eislingen 1995, ISBN 3-929947-09-9 .
  • The Hohenstaufen. A symbol of German history 1050–1900. Ullstein, Frankfurt / M. 1993, ISBN 3-548-34965-X .
  • Where I was at home. Stories from the Bohemian Giant Mountains. Preussler, Nuremberg 1983, ISBN 3-921332-57-5 .
  • Konradin von Hohenstaufen. The last of a great sex. Biography. Bechtle, Esslingen 1982, ISBN 3-7628-0421-4 .
  • The paradise of the heart. Memories of a childhood in Bohemia. Ascent, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-7612-0171-0 .
  • Famous and infamous women. Ullstein, Frankfurt / M. 1981, ISBN 3-548-34068-7 .
  • History of German literature in Bohemia 1900–1939. Langen Müller, Vienna 1981, ISBN 3-7844-1879-1 .
  • Visit to Kafka. Writings by Josef Mühlberger on Franz Kafka. 1928-1988. Einhorn, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2005, ISBN 3-936373-06-X .
  • Sudeten German fateful path. A reading and source book on the history of the Sudeten Germans. Ascent, Munich 1976, ISBN 3-7612-0131-1 .
  • Autumn leaves. Thoughts and shapes. Bechtle, Esslingen 1963
  • Life path and fate of the Hohenstaufen women. Bechtle, Esslingen 1977
  • Written on yellow leaves. Stories from the estate. Selected and provided with an afterword by Susanne Lange-Greve. Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2009.

literature

  • Helga Abret: Two Prague stories from “dark times”. Josef Mühlberger's “The Gallows in the Vineyard” (1951) and Friedrich Torberg's “Golems Wiederkehr” (1968). In: Stifter Jahrbuch. New series, Volume 15, 2001, pp. 42-69.
  • Wolfgang Albers: The reconstruction of a bulky life. In: “ Stuttgarter Zeitung ” from March 25, 2003
  • Peter Becher (Ed.): Josef Mühlberger. Contributions from the Munich Colloquium. Munich: Adalbert-Stifter-Verein 1987. (With contributions by: Peter Becher, Michael Berger, Jürgen Born, Peter Demetz , Cornelia Fritsch, Wynfrid Kriegleder , Margarita Pazi and Ernst Schremmer.)
  • Peter Becher:  Mühlberger, Josef. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 272 ​​f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Germanoslavica. Journal of Germano-Slavic Studies. On behalf of the Slavic Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic ed. v. Václav Bok and Siegfried Ulbrecht. 20th year edition 1/2009. Themed edition on Mühlberger. Table of contents (PDF file; 46 kB) .
  • Walter Hinck: triangular relationship with landscape. In: " FAZ " of April 3, 2003
  • Susanne Lange-Greve: Life at Limits. Josef Mühlberger 1903-1985. A publication for his 100th birthday. Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2003, ISBN 3-927654-97-3 .
  • Susanne Lange-Greve: Visit to Kafka. Writings by Josef Mühlberger on Franz Kafka 1928-1978. Einhorn, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2005, ISBN 3-936373-06-X .
  • Susanne Lange-Greve: Winter sowing. Josef Mühlberger as a translator. An insight into the estate. Einhorn, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2006, ISBN 3-936373-05-1 .
  • Tina Stroheker : Measuring a distance. Records in the vicinity of Josef Mühlberger. eislinger edition, Eislingen 2003, ISBN 3-929947-31-5 .
  • Tina Stroheker (ed.): My chapter Mühlberger. Memories of an author. Eislinger Edition, Eislingen 1999, ISBN 3-929947-24-2 .
  • Tina Stroheker: Josef Mühlberger in Eislingen. Deutsche Schillergesellschaft , Marbach am Neckar 2011 (= series traces 94), ISBN 978-3-937384-73-3 .
  • Written on yellow sheets of paper: Stories from the estate. Selected and provided with an afterword by Susanne Lange-Greve, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2009, ISBN 978-3-936373-52-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Heribert Sturm : Biographical lexicon for the history of the Bohemian countries , published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) , Volume II, page 701, R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich 1984.
  2. ↑ See Mühlberger's entry in the German biography .
  3. ↑ Here quoted from: Franz Lennartz: German writers of the 20th century in the mirror of criticism. Volume 2. Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-520-82101-X , pp. 1243-1244.
  4. ↑ Michael Berger: Of knowledge and semi-science. An addendum to the new rediscovery of a writer. In: Klaas-Hinrich Ehlers (Ed.): Bridges to Prague. German-language literature in the cultural context of the Danube Monarchy and Czechoslovakia . Frankfurt / M. 2000, p. 407.
  5. ↑ The expulsion. and autumn leaves. In: Walli Richter (Ed.): Last days in the Sudetenland . Munich 2002, ISBN 3-7844-2223-3 , pp. 369-377 and 404-407.
  6. ^ Tina Stroheker: Measuring a distance. Records in the vicinity of Josef Mühlberger. Kunstverein Eislingen, 2003, ISBN 3-929947-31-5 .
  7. ^ Susanne Lange-Greve: Life at Limits. Josef Mühlberger 1903-1985. A publication for his 100th birthday. Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2003, ISBN 3-927654-97-3 .
  8. ↑ See Eislingen. ( Memento of the original from March 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.josef-muehlberger.de
  9. ↑ Irene Ferchl: At home with the poets . In: Stuttgarter Zeitung No. 122 of May 28, 2020.
  10. ↑ Office of the Federal President.
personal data
SURNAME Mühlberger, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer and journalist
DATE OF BIRTH April 3, 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH Trautenau , Bohemia
DATE OF DEATH 2nd July 1985
Place of death Eislingen / Fils