Judicial Committee of the Privy Council

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The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC), founded in 1833, is the supreme appellate court for the crown possessions and overseas territories of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , the Commonwealth countries that have left the highest appellate body to the British Crown, and several others domestic courts.

The Judicial Committee moved on August 13, 2009 and has since been located, together with the Supreme Court , in the Supreme Court Building in Parliament Square , London . The procedure is based on its own provisions.

Role and structure

Up until the end of August 2009, the role of the Supreme Court in the UK was carried out by two separate bodies: within the UK the Appellate Committee of The House of Lords and outside the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. Since October 1, 2009, the role of the Supreme Court of Appeals in the United Kingdom has been performed by the Supreme Court. This eliminated the role of the Appellate Committee of The House of Lords as the highest court.

The responsibilities of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, however, remained largely in place and are structured as follows:

Appeal process in the UK

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council is responsible:

  • In addition, the King or Queen has the authority, in accordance with Section 4 of the Judicial Committee Act 1833, to refer any matter to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council for discussion and reporting.

According to the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (Constitutional Reform Act of 2005), devolution ( transfer of political competence of the United Kingdom in the regions now heard by the Supreme Court).

Crown possessions of the British Crown

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council is responsible for the Crown dependencies of the British Crown :

Overseas territories

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council is following 14 overseas territories (overseas territories) responsible:

Commonwealth

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council is the following, in personal union affiliated with the British Crown Commonwealth -Staaten ( Commonwealth realm ) in charge:

With the establishment of its own Supreme Court , New Zealand abolished the Privy Council in London in 2004, which was previously responsible for itself . However, this change did not affect the jurisdiction of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council for the associated countries Cook Islands and Niue.

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council is also responsible for the following Commonwealth countries:

Former area of ​​responsibility

Formerly the area of ​​responsibility included numerous other areas, including:

literature

  • William Francis Finlason: The History, Constitution, and Character, of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council . Ed .: Stevens and Sons, and George Bell and Sons. London 1878 (English, full text in Google Book Search).
  • Geoffrey Rivlin: Understanding the Law . 6th edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012, ISBN 978-0-19-960880-5 , pp. 164–165 (English, full text in Google Book Search).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Judicial Committee Act 1833. The National Archives, accessed September 23, 2012 .
  2. ↑ a b Judicial Committee - Overview. Privy Council Office, accessed September 23, 2012 .
  3. ^ The Judicial Committee (Appellate Jurisdiction) Rules Order 2009 , SI 2009/224 , 2013/246 , Schedule
  4. ↑ a b c d e Role of the JCPC. Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, accessed February 9, 2016 .
  5. ^ Veterinary Surgeons Act 1966 , section 17
  6. ^ Mission and Pastoral Measure 2011 , section 12, Schedule 2
  7. ^ Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction and Care of Churches Measure 2018 , section 21
  8. ^ Naval Prize Act 1864 , section 6
  9. ^ House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 , section 7
  10. ^ A b Order in Council regulating appeals to His Majesty in Council from Jersey and Guernsey (1835) , SR & O. 1835/715
  11. ^ The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Appeals to Privy Council) Order in Council 1961 , SI 1961/59
  12. ^ The Anguilla (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1983 , SI 1983/1109
  13. ^ The British Antarctic Territory Court of Appeal (Appeal to Privy Council) Order 1965 , SI 1965/592
  14. ^ The British Indian Ocean Territory (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1983 , SI 1983/1888
  15. ^ The Virgin Islands (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1967 , SI 1967/234 , 1983/1108
  16. ^ The Cayman Islands (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1984 , SI 1984/1151
  17. ^ The Falkland Islands (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1985 , SI 1985/445
  18. ^ The Gibraltar (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1985 , SI 1985/1199
  19. ^ The Montserrat (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1967 , SI 1967/233 , 1983/1108
  20. ^ The Pitcairn (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 2000 , SI 2000/1816
  21. ^ The St. Helena Court of Appeal (Appeal to Privy Council) Order 1964 , SI 1964/1846 , 1990/991
  22. ^ The South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1985 , SI 1985/450
  23. ^ The Turks and Caicos Islands (Appeals to Privy Council) Order 1965 , SI 1965/1863
  24. ^ Antigua and Barbuda Constitution Order 1981 , SI 1981/1106 , Schedule 1, section 122
  25. ^ Bahamas Independence Order 1973 , SI 1973/1080 , Schedule, Articles 104 (2) and 105
  26. ^ Jamaica (Constitution) Order in Council 1962 , SI 1962/1550 , Schedule 2, section 110
  27. ^ St. Christopher and Nevis Constitution Order 1983 , SI 1983/881 , Schedule 1, section 99
  28. ^ St. Lucia Constitution Order 1978 , SI 1978/1901 , Schedule 1, section 108
  29. ^ The St. Vincent Constitution Order 1979 , SI 1979/916 , Schedule 1, section 99
  30. ^ The Tuvalu Independence Order 1978 , Schedule, section 84
  31. ^ Brunei (Appeals) Order 1989 , SI 1989/2396 , 1998/255
  32. ^ The Kiribati Appeals to Judicial Committee Order 1979 , SI 1979/720
  33. ^ The Mauritius Appeals to Judicial Committee Order 1992 , SI 1992/1716
  34. ^ The Trinidad and Tobago Appeals to Judicial Committee Order 1976 , SI 1976/1915
  35. ↑ cf. JCPC Jurisdiction Map , 1937 jurisdiction