Károly Khuen-Héderváry

Károly Khuen-Héderváry (* 23. May 1849 in Bad Gräfenberg , then Austrian Silesia ; † 16th February 1918 in Budapest ) was longtime Ban of Croatia and the Prime Minister of Hungary in 1903 and a second time from 1910 to 1912, a leading politician Austria- Hungary .

Life

Károly Khuen-Héderváry was born the son of the Hungarian magnate Antal Khuen (1817-1886) and his wife Angelika Izdenczi (1823-1894) as the eldest of seven children. As a member of the Liberal Party, he had been a member of the Hungarian Reichstag since 1875 . Károly grew up in Zagreb , studied law at the University of Zagreb and owned extensive estates in Slavonia . First employed in the county administration, in 1882 he became head team of Raab county .

Ban

His cousin, Prime Minister Kálmán Tisza , appointed him Ban of Croatia and Slavonia on December 4, 1883, an office he held until June 27, 1903. Khuen's goal as governor of the crown land was not to let Croatian autonomy become a challenge for the dominance of the Magyars in Transleithanien . He was quickly regarded by the Croats as an agent of the Viennese court and the Hungarian government. He had civil rights curtailed by legal measures such as restriction of the freedom of the press and jury jurisdiction. He received support from the Catholic Church and the Serbian minority in the country, which meant that he had the Sabor behind him for years. His Hungarian-friendly policy, combined with an authoritarian and repressive style of government, caused serious unrest among Croatians with a national stance in 1902, so that in 1903 he exchanged his office for that of Prime Minister .

Prime Minister

Ethnographic map of the Kingdom of Hungary

As Prime Minister appointed by the king on June 27, 1903 , Khuen took office as a declared hardliner compared to his liberal predecessor Kálmán Széll . Like Széll, however, he failed because of the regular settlement negotiations with Austria and was replaced by his nephew István Tisza on November 3, 1903 .

After his release he was from March 3, 1904 to January 31, 1905 in the government of Tiszas Minister a latere or Hungarian minister at the royal court camp , who had to ensure the constant close connection between the Viennese court and the ministries in Budapest .

Even in Khuen's second term from January 17, 1910 to April 22, 1912, Tisza and his party were the determining force in the background. In order to avoid failure just as quickly as in his first term in office, Khuen ruled wait and see and tried to avoid radicalization. He finally resigned because of controversies about the financing of the Austro-Hungarian Army and Navy . The question of an electoral reform, which Tisza rejected, and mass demonstrations by the workers also led to his overthrow. During his second term in office, Khuen founded the National Labor Party together with Tisza in February 1910. From 1913 to 1918 he was its chairman.

literature

Khuen-Héderváry Károly Count. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 3, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1965, p. 318.
Béla Grolshammer: Khuen-Héderváry von Hédervár, Károly Graf , in: Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichte Südosteuropas. Volume 2, Munich 1976, p. 401 f.

Web links

Commons : Károly Khuen-Héderváry - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Khuen-Héderváry Károly Graf. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 3, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1965, p. 318.
↑ Dalibor Cepulu: Building the modern legal system in Croatia 1848–1918 in the center-periphery perspective . In: Tomasz Giaro (ed.): Modernization through transfer between the world wars . Klostermann Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-465-04017-0 , pp. 47-92, here: pp. 51, 82f. and 89.
↑ Barbara Jelavich: History of the Balkans. Twentieth Century . Cambridge University Press 1983, ISBN 0-521-27459-1 , pp. 67f. And Ivo Banac: The national question in Yugoslavia. Origins, history, politics . Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY 1988, ISBN 0-8014-9493-1 , pp. 92ff.
^ Robert Bideleux, Ian Jeffries: A history of Eastern Europe. Crisis and change . Routledge, London 1998, ISBN 0-415-16111-8 , p. 259.
^ András Gerő: Modern Hungarian society in the making. The unfinished experience. Central European Univ. Press, Budapest 1995, ISBN 1-85866-024-6 , p. 263.
↑ Peter F. Sugar (Ed.): A history of Hungary. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1990, ISBN 0-253-20867-X , p. 288.
^ Robert Bideleux, Ian Jeffries: A history of Eastern Europe. Crisis and change . Routledge, London 1998, ISBN 0-415-16111-8 , p. 261.
^ Keith Hitchins: The nationality problem in Austria-Hungary. The reports of Alexander Vaida to Archduke Franz Ferdinand's chancellery . Verlag Brill, Leiden 1974, ISBN 90-04-03923-6 , pp. 155f.
Ervin Pamlényi (ed.): The history of Hungary. Corvina Publishing House, Budapest 1971, p. 477.
^ András Gerő: Modern Hungarian society in the making. The unfinished experience. Central European Univ. Press, Budapest 1995, ISBN 1-85866-024-6 , p. 263.

personal data
SURNAME	Khuen-Héderváry, Károly
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Khuen de Héderváry, Count Dragutin Károly
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Hungarian politician, Ban of Croatia and Prime Minister of Hungary
DATE OF BIRTH	May 23, 1849
PLACE OF BIRTH	Bad Graefenberg
DATE OF DEATH	February 16, 1918
Place of death	Budapest

[ÖBL-1] Khuen-Héderváry Károly Graf. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 3, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1965, p. 318.

[2] Dalibor Cepulu: Building the modern legal system in Croatia 1848–1918 in the center-periphery perspective . In: Tomasz Giaro (ed.): Modernization through transfer between the world wars . Klostermann Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-465-04017-0 , pp. 47-92, here: pp. 51, 82f. and 89.

[3] Barbara Jelavich: History of the Balkans. Twentieth Century . Cambridge University Press 1983, ISBN 0-521-27459-1 , pp. 67f. And Ivo Banac: The national question in Yugoslavia. Origins, history, politics . Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY 1988, ISBN 0-8014-9493-1 , pp. 92ff.

[4] Robert Bideleux, Ian Jeffries: A history of Eastern Europe. Crisis and change . Routledge, London 1998, ISBN 0-415-16111-8 , p. 259.

[5] András Gerő: Modern Hungarian society in the making. The unfinished experience. Central European Univ. Press, Budapest 1995, ISBN 1-85866-024-6 , p. 263.

[6] Peter F. Sugar (Ed.): A history of Hungary. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1990, ISBN 0-253-20867-X , p. 288.

[7] Robert Bideleux, Ian Jeffries: A history of Eastern Europe. Crisis and change . Routledge, London 1998, ISBN 0-415-16111-8 , p. 261.

[8] Keith Hitchins: The nationality problem in Austria-Hungary. The reports of Alexander Vaida to Archduke Franz Ferdinand's chancellery . Verlag Brill, Leiden 1974, ISBN 90-04-03923-6 , pp. 155f.
Ervin Pamlényi (ed.): The history of Hungary. Corvina Publishing House, Budapest 1971, p. 477.

[9] András Gerő: Modern Hungarian society in the making. The unfinished experience. Central European Univ. Press, Budapest 1995, ISBN 1-85866-024-6 , p. 263.