Karl Rudolf von Buol-Schauenstein

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Karl Rudolf von Buol-Schauenstein (1760–1833) Prince-Bishop of Chur 1794–1833
Coat of arms of the Prince-Bishop of Chur

Karl Rudolf von Buol-Schauenstein (born June 30, 1760 in Innsbruck , Tyrol ; † October 23, 1833 in St. Gallen ) had been Roman Catholic bishop of the diocese of Chur since 1794 and also bishop of the diocese of St. Gallen from 1824 . He was the last spiritual prince of the empire .

Life

His father, Johann Anton Baptist von Buol- Schauenstein (* 1729, † 1797), turned to the clergy, was canon of Chur, after his resignation he was imperial envoy to the Three Leagues , kuk real chamberlain and privy councilor . His mother was Johanna Reichsgräfin von Sarentheim (* 1732, † October 7, 1791), Lady of the Star Cross of Innsbruck, daughter of Johann Gottfried David Virgil Graf von Sarnthein (1692–1758) and Veronica Secunda Countess von Thun and Hohenstein (1699–1758) . Karl Rudolf attended grammar school in Feldkirch , studied philosophy at the University of Innsbruck , moved to the Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum in Rome in 1778 , in order to continue studying theology at the University of Dillingen on the Danube in 1779 . Already in 1777 he was appointed canon and in 1781 cathedral cantor in Chur. He was ordained a priest on June 14, 1783.

At the age of 34 he was elected bishop by the cathedral chapter in Chur on January 22nd, 1794 . Pope Pius VI confirmed this choice on September 12, 1794. He was ordained bishop on October 5th of the same year in the Cathedral of Mariae Admission to Heaven and St. Kassian zu Brixen by the Prince-Bishop of Brixen , Karl Franz von Lodron . In 1796 he was the last ecclesiastical prince to receive the regalia from Emperor Franz II. During his tenure, the most radical transformation in the nine-hundred-year history of the diocese took place. In the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, the prince-bishopric was dissolved, the former Austrian parts of the bishopric (Vorarlberg, Vinschgau) came to Bavaria . When the Bavarian government wanted to apply its system of state church sovereignty, in particular the regulation of priestly formation and the filling of clerical posts, to the newly acquired area, Bishop von Buol, together with the bishops of Brixen and Trento , offered resolute resistance; They also found support from the clergy affected by the state interference. The government initially reacted by canceling the episcopal salary, summoned him to Innsbruck and, due to his unbroken resistance, had him expelled from the country in 1807 and deported to Graubünden . The seminary in Merano , newly founded by Bishop von Buol in 1801, was closed. The bishop began training as a diocesan priest in 1807 in the former Premonstratensian monastery of St. Luzi in Chur , which is still the diocese's seminary today. In 1808 Buol-Schauenstein renounced the new Bavarian diocese parts to Pope Pius VII , which were provisionally added to the dioceses of Brixen and Trento.

Karl Rudolf von Buol-Schauenstein was suspected of having supported the Tyrolean people's uprising in 1809 ; he withdrew to Solothurn by the end of 1814. As thanks for his support, Emperor Franz II awarded him the Vyšehrad provost near Prague and the rule of Schüttenitz on the Elbe in 1810 . However , Buol turned down an appointment as Archbishop of Lemberg .

In 1819 the diocese, which only consisted of Graubünden and Liechtenstein, received all areas of the fourths from the diocese of Constance, which was being dissolved . While the Schwyz estate joined the Chur diocese in 1824, negotiations with the other original cantons never led to success. Uri (without Ursern Valley), Obwalden , Nidwalden , Zurich and Glarus are still provisionally assigned to the Chur district. The cantons of Bern, Lucerne, Zug and Solothurn fell to the diocese of Basel in 1828, Thurgau and Aargau in 1830 .

After the abbey of St. Gallen was abolished in 1805, the Holy See created a double diocese of Chur-St. Gallen, with the seat of its own vicar general ; due to growing resistance, however, separated again in 1847 and St. Gallen raised to its own diocese.

His death ended an eventful period of reign and office (decline of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, loss of secular power, reorganization of the Catholic dioceses ). He was buried in the burial place of the bishops in the south aisle of the Assumption Cathedral in Chur.

literature

Web links

Commons : Karl Rudolf von Buol-Schauenstein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Geneanet - Graf von Sarnthein
  2. ^ Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi et Recentioris. Volume 7, p. 201
  3. ^ Albert Fischer: Karl Rudolf von Buol-Schauenstein 1794–1833
predecessor Office successor
Franz Dionysius Freiherr von Rostl Bishop of Chur
1794–1823
Bishop of Chur and St.Gallen
1823–1833 		Johann Georg Bossi
personal data
SURNAME Buol-Schauenstein, Karl Rudolf von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Chur
DATE OF BIRTH June 30, 1760
PLACE OF BIRTH Innsbruck , Tyrol
DATE OF DEATH October 23, 1833
Place of death St. Gallen