Local government in Sabah

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kota Kinabalu City Hall
Papar District Office

The local government in Sabah is the lowest level of government in Sabah , Malaysia . It ranks third in the Malaysian government system, after the federal and state governments. Local governments have the authority to collect property taxes, pass local laws and regulations, and issue licenses and permits for any type of business in their area. In addition, however, it is also obliged to provide basic supply facilities, to regulate waste collection and waste disposal and to guarantee city and regional planning .

The municipal constitution in Sabah is based on the Local Government Ordinance 1961 . This ordinance also regulates the responsibilities and functions of the municipal bodies . A state ministry, the Ministry of Local Government and Housing , first established after the state elections in 1963, regulates the activities of local authorities in the state of Sabah.

Basis of local administration

Sabah is divided into administrative districts. The administrative districts are composed of cities and specified areas. These administrative districts, generally referred to as LAA ( local authority area ), are classified according to the status of the administrative district of

  • the "Dewan Bandaraya" or "City Hall" ,
  • the "Majilis Perbandaran" or "Municipal Council" ,
  • the "Majilis Daerah" or "District Council"

ruled.

This structure is based on the Local Government Ordinance 1961 . This ordinance authorizes the Yang di-Pertua Negeri by decree, among other things, to give the districts certain powers and to determine the names and boundaries of the districts. The structure of the administrative districts was first established in 1961 with this ordinance and then changed if necessary by decree (Administrative Divisions Proclamation) .

District Name of the local executive put into effect Council members underlying decree
Beaufort Beaufort District Council January 1, 1962 20th Beaufort District Council Instrument
Beluran Beluran District Council July 1, 1968 11 Labuk / Sugut District Council Instrument 1968
Keningau Keningau District Council January 1, 1962 20th Keningau District Council Instrument
Kota Belud Kota Belud District Council January 1, 1962 18th Kota Belud District Council Instrument
Kinabatangan Kinabatangan District Council July 1, 1968 11 Kinabatangan District Council Instrument
Kota Kinabalu Kota Kinabalu Municipal Council 1st January 1979 20th Kota Kinabalu Municipal Council Instrument 1978
Kota Marudu Kota Marudu District Council January 1, 1983 18th Kota Marudu District Council Instrument
Kuala Penyu Kuala Penyu District Council January 1, 1962 18th Kuala Penyu District Council Instrument
Kudat Kudat Town Board January 1, 1983 20th Kudat Town Board Instrument 1982
Kunak Kunak District Council June 1, 1994 18th Kunak District Council Instrument 1994
Lahad Datu Lahad Datu District Council January 1, 1962 18th Lahad Datu District Council Instrument
Papar Papar District Council January 1, 1962 20th Papar District Council Instrument
Penampang Penampang District Council January 1, 1962 20th Penampang District Council Instrument
Nabawan Nabawan District Council January 1, 1964 11 Pensiangan District Council Instrument 1964
Pitas Pitas District Council June 8, 2010 18th Pitas District Council Instrument 2009
Putatan Putatan District Council June 8, 2010 18th Putatan District Council Instrument 2010
Ranau Ranau District Council January 1, 1962 18th Ranau District Council Instrument
Sandakan Sandakan Municipal Council January 1, 1982 20th Sandakan Municipal Council Instrument
Semporna Semporna District Council January 1, 1962 18th Semporna District Council Instrument
Sipitang Sipitang District Council January 1, 1962 18th Sipitang District Council Instrument
Tambunan Tambunan District Council January 1, 1962 18th Tambunan District Council Instrument
Tawau Tawau Municipal Council January 1, 1982 24 Tawau Municipal Council Instrument
Tenom Tenom District Council January 1, 1962 18th Tenom District Council Instrument
Tongod Tongod District Council
Tuaran Tuaran District Council January 1, 1962 20th Tuaran District Council Instrument 1961

Division into districts

Sabah administrative areas and districts

Sabah is initially divided into five administrative areas - Interior Division , West Coast Division , Kudat Division , Sandakan Division and Kudat Division . Districts are assigned to these administrative areas.

A district officer is responsible for managing a district . An Assistant District Officer is assigned to him . The administrative seat of the district is the District Office (Pejabat Daerah) .

Usually the districts are named after the largest city within the respective area or after the seat of the administration; for example, the city of Tawau is the largest city in the Tawau district and at the same time namesake of the Tawau Division .

Districts can be further divided into sub-districts (daerah kecil, lit. "small district") . These do not represent a separate administrative level, but are to be understood as an “extended arm” of the district office , which perform certain administrative tasks in the municipalities. Subdistrict status is an important step in a borough's path to full district status.

In 2012 there were 11 sub-districts in Sabah:

Banggi Kemabong Matunggong Membakut
Menumbok Pagalungan Paitan Sook
Tamparuli Telupid Tungku

State of administrative districts

There are three different types of administrative districts in Sabah. The lowest level of an administrative district is the district administered by a district council . Certain criteria are set for upgrading:

Dewan Bandaraya
(City Hall) 		Majilis Perbandaran
(Municipal Council) 		Majilis Daerah
(District Council)
population from 500,000 inhabitants from 150,000 inhabitants fewer than 150,000 inhabitants
Tax income sustainable secured income of at least 100 million ringgit sustainable secured income of at least 20 million ringgit less than 20 million ringgits
Applicable to Kota Kinabalu Sandakan, Tawau Beaufort, Keningau, Kinabatangan / Tongod, Kota Belud, Kota Marudu / Pitas, Kuala Penyu, Kunak, Lahad Datu, Nabawan, Papar, Penampang / Putatan, Ranau, Semporna, Sipitang, Tambunan, Tenom, Tuaran, Kudat

The criteria for the status of an administrative district set by the Local Government Department of the State of Malaysia comprise a whole catalog of requirements. For example, Kota Kinabalu had to prove, among other things, for its status as a City Hall :

  • sustainable urban development,
  • the presence of an industrial center, a financial and commercial center and hotels geared towards tourism and business,
  • a fully developed infrastructure including local public transport,
  • a public perception of the city on a national and international level,
  • a full range of educational institutions such as university, college, museum and public library,
  • an international center for sporting and cultural activities and
  • the organization of national and international congresses.

Others

Differences from other states

In contrast to other states in Malaysia, there is no administrative level of the mukim in Sabah . In the context of the municipal administration in Sabah, mukim are a collection of different settlements and villages, which, however, are again subject to the district offices as a whole .

Dependency relationships

In contrast to the situation in Germany, where the municipal councils always represent the citizens of the municipality, even in their different forms (communal people's representation), the members of the "City Hall" , the "Municipal Council" and the "District Council" are not democratic People elected, but are installed in their office by the Minister of State for Local Government and Housing (Ministry of Local Government and Housing) . The effectiveness of local laws and ordinances is also only established through ratification by the Minister of State.

Common abbreviations

The following abbreviations are often found in the administrative literature for Sabah:

Abbr. Meaning in Malay official English expression German translation
LAA Local Authority Area municipal administrative area
DB Dewan Bandaraya City Hall City Hall, City Council
MP Majilis Perbandaran Municipal Council Municipal council
MD Majilis Daerah District Council District council
LB Lembaga Bandaran Town Board

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Full text of the Local Government Ordinance 1961 , last amended on May 2, 1996 in the version of July 2010; Accessed February 20, 2012
  2. ↑ Local Government Ordinance, No. 3
  3. ^ Administrative Divisions Proclamation 2009
  4. ↑ Beaufort District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  5. ↑ Labuk / Sugut District Council Instrument 1968 of May 27, 1968
  6. ↑ Keningau District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  7. ↑ Kota Belud District Council Instrument 1961, December 16, 1961
  8. ↑ Kinabatangan District Council Instrument 1961, May 27, 1968
  9. ^ Kota Kinabalu Municipal Council Instrument dated December 30, 1978
  10. ↑ Kota Marudu District Council Instrument 1983  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated January 27, 1983@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.lawnet.sabah.gov.my  
  11. ^ Kuala Penyu District Council Instrument 1961, December 16, 1961
  12. ^ Kudat Town Board Instrument 1982, May 23, 1994
  13. ↑ Kunak District Council Instrument 1994 of May 23, 1994
  14. ^ Lahad Datu District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  15. ^ Papar District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  16. ^ Penampang District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  17. ^ Pensiangan District Council Instrument 1964, January 14, 1964
  18. ↑ Pitas District Council Instrument 2009  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated December 23, 2009@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.lawnet.sabah.gov.my  
  19. ↑ Putatan District Council Instrument 2010  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. dated June 8, 2010@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.lawnet.sabah.gov.my  
  20. ^ Ranau District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  21. ^ Sandakan Municipal Council Instrument, January 27, 1983
  22. ↑ Semporna District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  23. ^ Sipitang District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  24. ^ Tambunan District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  25. ^ Tawau Municipal Council Instrument of March 8, 1983
  26. ^ Tenom District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  27. ^ Tuaran District Council Instrument 1961 of December 16, 1961
  28. ↑ Chapter 63 of the Interpretation Ordinance , amended by the Administrative Divisions Ordinance of November 1, 1954, last amended on January 1, 1979.
  29. ↑ Ministry for Rural Development: Senarai Pejabat Daerah Kecil ( Memento of the original from March 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Accessed July 9, 2012 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sabah.gov.my
  30. ↑ 60th State Council Meeting for Local Government (MNTK)  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , June 3, 2008, accessed February 20, 2012@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www2.epbt.gov.my  
  31. ↑ Local Government Department: Criteria Status for Local Authority ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / jkt.kpkt.gov.my
  32. ^ Department of Statistics, Malaysia: Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas and Mukims, 2010 , p. 440

Remarks

  1. ↑ The initially obvious translations into German ("City Hall" = City Council, "Municipal Council" = Municipal Council and "District Council" = District Administrator) are deliberately not used, as they suggest that the responsibilities and structures of Sabah's local government are similar to those in Germany would be comparable. Since this is in no way the case, the terms used in the English and Malay languages ​​have been retained as technical terms.
  2. ↑ By decree of December 2nd, 2004 it was ordered, among other things, that in future the word "Labuk / Sugut" should be replaced by the word "Beluran".
  3. ↑ By decree of December 2, 2004 it was ordered, among other things, that in future the word "Pensiangan" should be replaced by the word "Nabawan".
  4. ↑ around EUR 250 million
  5. ↑ balanced housekeeping is a requirement
  6. ↑ about 5 million EUR