Kump (fountain)

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Kump is a common regional name for ( well ) troughs or cisterns . Mostly it is a water basin made of metal or stone, which is often located in public places ( market fountain ) and serves to supply drinking and industrial water, to water animals and as a fire-fighting water reservoir.

As a running fountain , a kump was filled with water from springs or rivers through wooden (later also clay or metal) pipes. Today it is also fed from deep wells or the public water supply.

The word comes from the Middle High German " Kumpf " = deep round vessel.

Examples of preserved bowls

Altenbüren: village square with Kump
Brilon: Marketplace with Kump
Fritzlar: Kump in front of the cathedral
  • Altenbüren : In today's Brilon district of Altenbüren,a wall wasbuilt around the source of the Aa and the spring water was dammed in the “Möhnekump” created in this way. Two extraction points enabled separate water supplies for humans and livestock.
  • Brilon : The Petrusbrunnen on the market square of Brilon is still popularly known today as "Kump". Since 1360 at the latest, it was the end point of the first urban aqueduct, although its origin, perhaps as a contained spring, is probably further back.
  • Büren : In Büren in Westphalia the water has been routed from the municipal springs in the Mertenstal through wooden pipes to the Kump on the market square and to other Kümpe distributed throughout the citysince 1588.
  • Butzbach : The Kump on the market square in Butzbach, Hesse, was built in 1575. It was the only well in the city whose water flowed continuously, and was fed by a water pipe that was probably fed by several springs located to the west or northwest above the city and small watercourses flowing there. After the Thirty Years War the Kump was so dilapidated that a new one had to be built. This remained the focal point of the market place until it was removed as a traffic obstacle in 1894 and replaced by a low basin with a lattice fence; only the column remained. A donation campaign by the local history association financed the restoration of the old well in 1927. In 1987 the fountain basin was largely renewed and the fountain figure restored.
  • Fritzlar : In Fritzlar in northern Hesse, water has been pumped for almost 500 years, since the 14th century, at the monastery mill from the mill ditch built in the 12th century, first to Fleckenborn in Neustadt, then with a piston pumping station to the Kump in front of the west portal of the cathedral . A total of 60 m difference in altitude was overcome. From there, the water was conveyed via underground wooden pipes to the Rolandsbrunnen in the market, as well as to two breweries and the wedding house.
  • Germerode : When a new convent building was being built in the Germerode monastery, the remains of a mate from the late 16th century were uncovered and archaeologically examined. The 4.12 m by 2.9 m large container was made of stone slabs and glued to make it watertight with a mixture of pitch and sulfur.
  • Korbach : Four of the Kümpe, which secured the water supply in the north Hessian town of Korbach in the Middle Ages, are still preserved today: in Lengefelderstraße (the so-called Feldhühnerchenbrunnen), at the Kilian Church, at the town hall and on the old market.
  • Landau : The first Kump on the market square in the Hessian mountain village of Landau (today part of Bad Arolsen ) was built in 1555 and, like the following Kümpe of this town, wasfedby the Landau Wasserkunst . In the meantime dilapidated, it was rebuilt in 1984 in a simple cuboid geometry.
  • Paderborn : Kümpe were used in Paderborn for general water supply until 1888; only then did the city receive a central water supply. The oldest was the Kump am Kamp from 1586 (which was converted into a fountain in1894), but a predecessor had existed since at least 1523, which was fed by a mill-driven pumping station on the Börnepader. In 1604 the Jesuits builtanother water art (pumping system) on the Börnepader to supply water to their college. Two bowls of the city water supply stood in the market place; one of the two fell into disrepair in 1715, the second (in front of today's Diocesan Museum) was unusable in 1721 and replaced in 1730 by the Neptune Fountain, which had previously stood in the courtyard of the Neuhauser Palace . More Kümpe stood in front of the town hall, on Marienplatz, in Kasseler Strasse and in the Giersstrasse / Am Busdorf area. The Paterskump, built in 1626 and at its current location in front of the Franciscan monastery since 1828, wasfedby a water art from the floorboard via an originally wooden, later iron and, from 1731, lead pipeline. The water then flowed from the kump into the monastery, especially into the kitchen, brewery and remter (dining room). Renewed in 1828, the Kump is 2.70 m deep and 3.80 m in diameter. In 1924 the Paterskump became a memorial for the 3,316 who died in the First World War of the Paderborn Infantry Regiment 158. After repairing thedamage sufferedin the Second World War , the Paterskump was fully operational again at Easter 1955.
  • Steinheim : The 7 m wide and 2.90 m deep Kump in Steinheim in the Westphalian district of Höxter is the town's landmark. It was built in 1855 and fed by the first Steinheim aqueduct from a higher spring outside the city. Until 1933 it served as an extinguishing water storage tank, service water and drinking water withdrawal point.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archeology in Germany, Issue 3/2011

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