Kunstpalast (Düsseldorf)

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Art palace and restaurant (today Ehrenhof No. 3), built between 1900 and 1902
Kunstpalast (right) in the ensemble with government building (center) and Düsseldorf Higher Regional Court (left) at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Park on a colored postcard, 1917
Map section of the Düsseldorf industrial and commercial exhibition , 1902
Map section of the International Art and Horticultural Exhibition in Düsseldorf , 1904; with No. 40 Kunst-Palast, No. 41 Restaurant Schievelbusch "Zum Kunst-Palast"
Restoration building, Ehrenhof 3 (2018)

The Kunstpalast in Düsseldorf , also an exhibition palace since 1912 , was built south of today's Rheinpark Golzheim in the area of ​​today's Ehrenhof and the courtyard garden for the Düsseldorf industrial and commercial exhibition together with the restoration building and inaugurated on May 8, 1902. The German National Art Exhibition took place here until October 20, 1902 . Today the Museum Kunstpalast is housed in its rooms .

history

The association for the organization of art exhibitions, which was additionally founded in 1900 by the members of the Association of Düsseldorf Artists for mutual support and assistance . V. (VzVvK), who resided in the Malkasten House , built the Kunstpalast with his own funds and by issuing share certificates on the banks of the Rhine south of Golzheim Island . This was opened in 1902 for the Düsseldorf industrial and commercial exhibition , and the Association for the Organization of Art Exhibitions was granted the privilege of holding art exhibitions in this building at any time.

The Kunstpalast was created in the rivalry between Düsseldorf and other German exhibition and art centers, especially Berlin and Munich , as well as under the impression of the World Exhibition of 1900 in Paris ; a " Little Paris on the Rhine " was to be created based on the model of the Petit Palais in Paris. Further motives for the construction of a large exhibition building were seen in overcoming “the unfortunate division of the artists”, a certain artistic “backwardness” and the economic “decline” by giving Düsseldorf art the opportunity to “den to show the full extent of their skills ”( Paul Clemen , 1902).

Even after 1902 important exhibitions took place in the Kunstpalast, around 1904 the International Art Exhibition and the Great Horticultural Exhibition , from 1906 the Great Art Exhibition Düsseldorf of the VzVvK, later known as "The Great", in 1907 under the protectorate of Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm the third German national art exhibition , 1910 an exhibition of the Sonderbund and in 1917 and 1918 the Great Berlin Art Exhibition . From August 17 to 24, 1908, Emanuel Lasker and Siegbert Tarrasch played the first four games of the World Chess Championship , which was held for the first time in Germany, in the Kunstpalast . In 1907/1908 the new Hetjens Museum was built on the north wing of the Kunstpalast (Hofgartenufer No. 3) . Shortly before the First World War , the city had adopted extensions to the exhibition palace. Wilhelm Kreis' plans for the porches were not implemented. On June 18, 1918, the “Art College for Women” was opened in the southern wing of the Kunstpalast, which was based on post-war initiatives by emancipatory women's associations. In 1936, for the 25th anniversary of the Düsseldorf Artists Association , the exhibition “The German Painter and Sculptor” took place in the Kunstpalast.

description

Interior view of the great hall with apse
Garden courtyard with portico and statues, a fountain basin in the middle of the complex
Stairway in the northern risalit

The exhibition hall was an iron structure with rich architectural cladding. The Düsseldorf architect Albrecht Bender , whose design won an award in the previous competition, designed the floor plan . The architecture was designed and executed by the architect Eugen Rückgauer , an employee of the Philipp Holzmann & Cie. Pilasters in colossal order divided the building. These contrasted with the central risaliten , which had a triumphal arch-like , monumental entrance with a triangular pediment.

The floor area was 8000 m², the front length 132 m and the depth 90 m. The dome over the entrance and reception hall was 40 m tall, eight-sided and curved, with oval windows inserted. The structure comprised seven large and seven smaller exhibition halls. The main front was designed in “massive baroque forms” ( neo-baroque , eclecticism ). The building was made of sandstone, granite and basalt. The dome had a copper roof. Behind the domed hall, the monumental frieze of which was designed by the history painter Fritz Roeber , was a sandstone garden courtyard “in Italian high renaissance” ( neo-renaissance ) as “a main ornament of the entire building complex” . The statues, sculptures and reliefs in the gable field and above the main portal were made by the Düsseldorf sculptor Karl Heinz Müller, those above the portals of the end projections and in the parapets above the side ground floor windows of the central building were made by the sculptor Adolf Nieder. One of the exhibition rooms was designed in a classical style by the Berlin painter Albert Maennchen . The “emphasized traditionalism” of the architecture by Bender and Rückgauer was expressly felt by the jury to be more suitable than the competing design by the Karlsruhe architect Hermann Billing . Its design represented the "strictly stereometric view of archaic neoclassicism ". However, this was rejected as a "sharp break with tradition". The cost was over 1,300,000 marks .

The Kunstpalast was completely redesigned by Wilhelm Kreis as part of the buildings erected in 1925 and 1926 into the Düsseldorf courtyard in order to host the GeSoLei exhibition here . Before the conversion to the Museum Kunstpalast from 1999 to 2000 based on plans by Oswald Mathias Ungers , the last remaining building from 1902 was completely demolished.

In the former restoration building of the Kunstpalast, Ehrenhof 3, the Düsseldorf City Archive has been housed since around 1937, in which the Dumont- Lindemann Archive (today in the Theater Museum Düsseldorf ) was donated by Gustav Lindemann in 1947 to the city of Düsseldorf. found. The building was rebuilt after the Second World War .

  • Kunstpalast (drawing)

  • Layout. 1902

  • Ehrenhof (drawing)

  • Main facade (above) and main courtyard (below)

  • Floor plan - with distribution of the work, 1904

  • Heinrich Kautsch , Albert Bartholomé , Fritz Roeber , Auguste Rodin at the International Art Exhibition Düsseldorf, 1904

  • Banquet on the final day of the exhibition in the Kunstpalast Düsseldorf on October 23, 1904

  • Model of the Kunstpalast and its porches with fountain and victory columns in front of the exhibition palace (1914)

literature

Web links

Commons : Kunstpalast in Düsseldorf, 1902  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : International art exhibition and large horticultural exhibition in Düsseldorf, 1904  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Ehrenhof 3 (Düsseldorf)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Exhibition Palace: With the approval of the Personnel and Constitutional Commission, the Kunstpalast will henceforth be called "Municipal Exhibition Palace" in a report on the status and management of municipal affairs in the city of Düsseldorf from April 1, 1912 to March 31, 1913. Special Part. A. Care for the spiritual life. P. 87
  2. ↑ The Kunstpalast and the restoration building on the site of the Düsseldorf industrial, commercial and art exhibition for 1902 were completed. , in Report on the State and Management of Community Affairs in the City for the Period April 1, 1901 to March 31, 1902. Special Section, Care for Economic Life. P. 299
  3. ^ V. Art Exhibition Palace: As already mentioned in the previous year's report, the "Association for the Organization of Art Exhibitions" (VzVvK) is granted preferential right to use the building for exhibitions until November 1, 1917. , in a report on the status and administration of community affairs in the city of Düsseldorf for the period from April 1, 1903 to March 31, 1904. Special section. I. Care for the spiritual life. P. 92
  4. ^ A b c d Georg Friedrich Koch: Museum and exhibition buildings . In: Eduard Trier, Willy Weyres (Ed.): Art of the 19th century in the Rhineland . tape 2 . Architecture: II, secular buildings and urban planning . Schwann, Düsseldorf 1980, ISBN 3-590-30252-6 , pp. 203-234, see p. 227 .
  5. ^ Paul Clemen : The German National Art Exhibition in Düsseldorf (Part II). In: Art for All. Painting, sculpture, graphics, architecture . Issue 24, 1902, p. 555 ( digitized version )
  6. ↑ Heinrich Ms. Berger: International Art and large horticultural exhibition Dusseldorf 1904 , Bagel, Dusseldorf, 1905 (digitized)
  7. ^ On the opening of the German national art exhibition: Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm , in Rhein und Düssel (No. 19), from May 12, 1907, p. 1
  8. ↑ Kunstpalast . ( Memento of the original from December 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) portal kwabc.org ; Retrieved June 24, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kwabc.org
  9. ↑ Ekkehard Mai : The German art academies in the 19th century. Artist training between tradition and avant-garde . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2010, ISBN 978-3-412-20498-3 , p. 373
  10. ↑ February 15 - March 22, 1936 Exhibition “The German Painter and Sculptor” organized by the Association of Düsseldorf Artists on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of this association in the Kunstpalast , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf 1937, notable occurrences from October 1, 1933 to September 30 1936, p. XXIV
  11. ^ A b c Architects and Engineers Association of Düsseldorf (ed.): Düsseldorf and its buildings. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1904, p. 201 f.
  12. ↑ a b Ulrich Bücholdt: RWTH industrial and commercial exhibition Dusseldorf 1902. kmkbuecholdt.de; tabular overview of the exhibition structures; accessed on January 31, 2018
  13. ^ Paul Clemen, p. 556
  14. ↑ One-off expenses: Accommodation of the city archives in the Ehrenhof 3 building (1937, 1938, 1939) , in budget, 1939. Individual plans of the regular budget: 3. Culture and community care. P. 81
  15. ↑ City image archives, filing cellar in the courtyard 3, on December 7, 1949 , in Dusseldorf / City Archive / City History / Chronicle, accessed on February 25, 2018
  16. ^ Dumont-Lindemann-Archiv, Ehrenhof 3 , in the administrative report of the state capital Düsseldorf, from April 1, 1951 to March 31, 1953, VI. Kulturpflege, p. 185
  17. ↑ Dumont-Lindemann-Archiv: In the 25th year of its existence, the archive moved from its location Ehrenhof 3 to Alt Pempelfort 2. The move took place in May 1972. , in administrative report of the state capital Düsseldorf, from January 1, 1971 to December 31, 1973. School and Culture Administration, p. 48
  18. ↑ Stadtarchiv, Ehrenhof 3 , in the administrative report of the state capital Düsseldorf from the time of the occupation of the city in 1945 to March 31, 1949. I. General administration. VIII. City Archives. P. 27

Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 3.6 ″  N , 6 ° 46 ′ 24 ″  E