Laasow (Spreewaldheide)

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Community Spreewaldheide
Coordinates: 51 ° 56 ′ 37 ″  N , 14 ° 7 ′ 50 ″  E
Height : 54 m above sea level NN
Area : 6.58 km²
Residents : 163  (December 31, 2011)
Population density : 25 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15913
Area code : 03367
Laasow on the Urmes table sheet 4050 Straupitz from 1846

Laasow , Łaz in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the Spreewaldheide municipality in the Dahme-Spreewald district of Brandenburg . From the Middle Ages until well into the 19th century it belonged to the Straupitz estate . Until 2003 Laasow was an independent municipality.

Geographical location

Laasow is located approx. 15 km east of Lübben (Spreewald) , approx. 12 km southwest of Lieberose and 3 km north of Straupitz . Laasow can be reached via the K6109 from Straupitz via Laasow to Waldow . The district borders in the north on Waldow, district of the municipality Spreewaldheide, in the northeast on Mochow , district of the municipality Schwielochsee , in the east on Butzen , in the south on the municipality Straupitz, in the southwest on the municipality Neu Zauche and in the west on Sacrow .

From east to northwest the Ressener Mühlenfließ crosses the district, into which the Laasower Fliess flows north of the town from the south . The Laasower Fließ comes from the Straupitz district, flows into the Koboldsee and flows into the Ressener Mühlenfließ after 2.5 km. The Laasower See and a smaller pond to the west of the town center in the lowlands of the Ressener Mühlenfließ have silted up. In the south, the area rises to over 60 m. The lowest point in the north is the Ressener Mühlenfließ at around 51 m.

The inhabited part of the municipality Burghof belongs to Laasow. Other settlements somewhat separated from the town center are Laasower Dorfstrasse 43/44, Laasower Dorfstrasse 49–53, Laasower Dorfstrasse 45–47 and the former Laasower watermill in Laasower Dorfstrasse 48 on Ressener Mühlenfließ.

history

Laasow was first mentioned as Lasse on April 30, 1294 when Margrave Dietrich d. J. the Mark Lausitz Dietrich enfeoffed the old man from Ilow with the previously margrave villages of Straupitz, Laasow and Butzen with all accessories. These are the first beginnings of the Straupitz rule, which at that time was only a knight's seat. In 1312 the Brandenburg Margrave Waldemar , who at that time held the Margraviate of Lausitz, assured Dietrich von Ihlow that he would remain the margrave's direct liege, even if Lübben Castle was not in the hands of the margrave. From this it can be concluded that the knight seat Straupitz (and thus also Laasow) was separated from the accessories of Lübben Castle. Laasow is a dead end village in terms of the village structure . This modified form of a round village is interpreted today as a planned settlement, as it was created mainly by German landlords in Slavic areas. The name is derived from Sorbian łaz = new break , clearing, meaning a settlement on cleared land.

In 1447 a (later) Dietrich von Ihlow sold the knight seat Straupitz with all accessories, namely Straupitz with vineyard and Vorwerk, Laasow with the mill, Butzen, Byhlen, Byhleguhre, Mochow and Groß Liebitz to the brothers Caspar, Heinrich and Franz, burgraves of Dohna . This is the first time that the Laasower watermill is mentioned, today the building complex Laasower Dorfstrasse 48.

On October 11, 1578, Caspar IV and his sons Christoph Wilhelm and Hans Burggrafen von Dohna sold the Straupitz estate for 45,000 thalers to Joachim I von der Schulenburg. The small rule remained in the hands of the von der Schulenburgs for three generations. In 1615 Joachim (VII.) Von der Schulenburg sold the Straupitz rulership and with it Laasow for 75,000 thalers to Georg von Wallwitz, the chief tax collector and regional court assessor of Lower Lusatia. The rule remained in the possession of the von Wallwitz family for only 40, albeit very difficult years. On July 14, 1655, Bastian von Wallwitz sold the Straupitz reign , which had been badly damaged by the Thirty Years War, for 54,137 thalers to the general in Swedish, Polish, electoral Brandenburg and Saxon services, Christoph von Houwald . The von Houwald family belonged to the Straupitz rulership until 1945 and until 1849, when patrimonial jurisdiction was passed to the district, they also played a decisive role in the history of the town of Laasow.

Population development from 1818 to 2002

year 1818 1846 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2002
Residents 215 290 314 310 288 249 221 375 352 264 221 194 165 165

In 1708 there were ten farmers, four Kossäts and one Büdner living in Laasow. In 1718 the village had an estimate of 1225 guilders, according to which the tax was calculated. In 1723 14 Laasower subjects are named. In the Schmettauschen map series from 17767/87, a windmill is recorded for the first time in addition to the water mill. The windmill no longer exists. It stood on the Mühlberg, about opposite the building in Laasower Dorfstrasse 56. It must have been torn down around 1900, because it is no longer recorded in the topographic map 1: 25,000 sheet 4050 Straupitz (1900).

In 1809 the population of Laasow is given as 20 whole cottagers and 12 cottagers or Büdner. The brick factory south of the town center is mentioned for the first time in 1818. This year 33 fireplaces were counted in Laasow itself and one fireplace each in the mill and the brickworks. A total of 215 people lived in Laasow. By 1844 the number of inhabitants had risen to 290 and the number of fireplaces to 37, for 1852 there are 311 inhabitants. Berghaus wrote in 1856: Soil (the Laasow district) is of mediocre quality. For the year 1861 37 houses and 309 inhabitants are given for the place. The water mill and the windmill belonged to a certain Winkler. The brick factory was owned by a Poeschk, who lived in Neu Zauche. This brick factory was opposite today's cemetery on the road to Straupitz. By 1864 two more brick factories had been built. One brick factory was in the area of ​​today's Burghof residential area, the second brick factory was set up on the way to Neu Zauche, between the town center and the transition over the Laasower Fließ; there, the brick barn hallway is reminiscent of this brick factory. All three brick factories are also still on the topographic map 1: 25,000 from 1902ff. recorded. In 1904, the Straupitz to Goyatz section of the Spreewald Railway was built. Laasow received a breakpoint.

After the Second World War , five new farmer jobs were created in Laasow . In 1958 the LPG Type I "Neuer Weg" was founded in Laasow , which by 1967 had merged with the LPGs Straupitz, Byhleguhre, Butzen, Sacrow, Waldow, Caminchen and Neu Zauche to form the Straupitz cooperative community. The LPGs were dissolved in 1990; Today three farms cultivate the entire area of ​​the district. Laasow is the only district in the municipality of Spreewaldheide to have a restaurant with a hall. The festivities for all districts take place there.

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg lists neither soil nor architectural monuments for Laasow. Most of the farmhouses were built around 1900, some have been lovingly restored and are well worth seeing. A war memorial for the fallen soldiers of the First and Second World Wars was erected on the village square .

Clubs and celebrations

The volunteer fire brigade provides fire protection and general help. Laasow has a youth club that is set up in the old village school. There is a table tennis club and a hunting association in the village. The summer festivals are celebrated in the village park with a dance floor.

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century. Volume 3, printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg, 1856 ( online at Google Books ) (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 , p. 322ff.
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921-254-96-5 , pp. 227-278

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Müller's Large German Local Book 2012: Complete local dictionary. 33. revised and exp. Ed., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and Boston 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-027420-2 , online at Google Books , p. 785
  2. ↑ Place names Niederlausitz
  3. ↑ Main statute of the municipality of Spreewaldheide from March 3, 2009 PDF ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amt-lieberose-oberspreewald.de
  4. ^ Wolfgang Jürries (ed.): Rundlinge and Slavs, contributions to Rundlingsforschung . Köhring, Lüchow 2004, ISBN 3-9806364-0-2
  5. ↑ Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz. Verlag VEB Domowina, Bautzen 1975, p. 69f.
  6. ↑ Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 1, p. 186.
  7. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF
  8. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820.
  9. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844
  10. ↑ Topographical overview of the appellate court department Frankfurt a / O: Compiled by Güthlein. Gustav Harnecker & Co., Frankfurt a / O. 1856, p. 88, online at Google Books
  11. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 669 .
  12. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books (p. 636)
  13. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. O. 1867
  14. ^ Friedrich Redlich : Social development and names of the agricultural production cooperatives with special consideration of Niederlausitz. In: The name in language and society. German-Slavic research on onomatology and settlement history, Volume 27, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1973, pp. 203-219, especially p. 206
  15. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016 PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de