Waldow (Spreewaldheide)

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Community Spreewaldheide
Coordinates: 51 ° 57 '44 "  N , 14 ° 7' 58"  E
Height : 53 m above sea level NN
Area : 9.89 km²
Residents : 80  (Dec 2013)
Population density : 8 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 15, 1966
Incorporated into: Sacrow-Waldow
Postal code : 15913
Area code : 03367
Waldow on the Urmes table sheet 4050 Straupitz from 1846

Waldow , in Lower Sorbian Waldow , is a district of the municipality of Spreewaldheide in the district of Dahme-Spreewald (Brandenburg). From the Middle Ages until 1674 it belonged to the Neu Zauche rule, from 1674 to the Neu Zauche office , which was dissolved in 1874. Waldow merged with Sacrow in 1966 to form the Sacrow-Waldow community. With the merger of Sacrow-Waldow, Laasow and Butzen to form the municipality of Spreewaldheide in 2003 , the municipality of Sacrow-Waldow was dissolved. Since then, Waldow has been one of the four districts of the Spreewaldheide community. The administrative business of the municipality is carried out by the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office .

Geographical location

Waldow is located approx. 16 km east-northeast of Lübben (Spreewald) , approx. 12 km west-southwest of Lieberose and approx. 5.5 km north of Straupitz . The district borders in the north on Siegadel and Goyatz , in the east on Mochow , in the south on Laasow and in the southwest and west on Sacrow. The place can be reached via the K6109 from Neu Zauche, passing Sacrow or from Straupitz on the K6109 from Straupitz via Laasow. From Waldow there is another connection road leading east to the L44.

The Ressener Mühlenfließ flows through the district and town center . The highest point of the district is the Babenberge at 63.7 m, the lowest point is the Ressener Mühlenfließ at the crossover to the Siegadel district at 47 m. A few short ditches coming from the east and west flow towards the Ressener Mühlenfließ. A pond has only recently been created to the east of the town center. In addition to the approximately 100 to 200 m wide depression of the Ressener Mühlenfließ, the district of Waldow is characterized by agricultural areas and wide pine forests; especially the eastern and northern parts of the district are extensively forested.

history

The place Waldow was mentioned for the first time in 1420. The place, which extends essentially southeast-northwest, consists of two cores, which are quite clearly separated from each other by the Ressen mill flow. The part located southeast of the Ressener Mühlenfließ is the older part and is structurally a dead end village . The name is derived from a German basic form Waldau (e), from which later Waldo (w) emerged through alignment with other place names in the area. The name could thus be interpreted as a settlement in a wooded meadow or a meadow in the forest.

At the time it was first mentioned, the place already belonged to the Zauche rulership (or later also called the Neu Zauche rulership). The small aristocratic rule (Neu) Zauche was first mentioned in 1347 when the brothers Hans , Fritz , Rudolph and Berchd , the sons of Hentze from the breeding of Ludwig I, "the Brandenburger" , the margrave of Brandenburg and Lusatia gave the feudal letter received the farm for breeding with all accessories. At that time Waldow did not belong to the Zauche rule. The further ownership history of the small lordship is initially not documented. According to the feudal letter of April 25, 1420, the brothers Konrad, Joachim, Johann, Dietrich and Heinrich von Ihlow, who owned the Straupitz estate , also owned a quarter of the Neu Zauche estate, including Waldow. At this point in time, Waldow was already part of the Zauche rule; it must have been acquired between 1347 and 1420 to the rule of Zauche.

A Hans von der Zauche was again the sole owner of the Zauche estate in 1422. In 1439, six von der Zauche brothers Heinrich, Hans, Friedrich, Titze, Günther and Caspar, presumably Hans's sons, sold the Zauche estate to the (later) Mark Brandenburg Chancellor Heinze von Kracht . This was enfeoffed on October 7, 1439 with Neu Zauche, Wußwerk, Alt Zauche, Radensdorf, Caminchen, Sacro, Waldow, Briesen and Goyatz. Even before 1447, Heinze von Kracht sold the Zauche reign again to Hans von Clumen (also written as Chlumen or Klumen), who was governor of the Lower Lusatia that year. In 1505 Werner von der Schulenburg bought the Neu Zauche estate from Siegmund von Chlumen. Werner von der Schulenburg was followed by his son Jacob (I) and in 1541 his son Georg V. Georg von der Schulenburg died in 1560 without heirs and his property fell to his cousin Joachim II von der Schulenburg. Joachim II died in 1594; he was followed by his son Richard III. Richard III died on November 25, 1600. from the Schulenburg in Pieskow quite unexpectedly. Heir was Joachim VII von der Schulenburg, who on February 27, 1601 received the feudal letter for all goods inherited from his father in Niederlausitz, including the Neu Zauche rulership. At that time the property was already heavily in debt, so Joachim had to sell some of his property. In 1619 Joachim VII von der Schulenburg died. At first his widow took over the property. The debts were far from being settled, so that the creditors let the lords of Lübbenau and Neu Zauche cede them. On February 28, 1623, the rule of Neu Zauche with the villages of Wußwerk, Alt Zauche, Radensdorf, Briesen, Sacro, Waldow, Caminchen and Goyatz passed to the state elder of Niederlausitz Jobst von Bredow. Jobst von Bredow died on February 26, 1626, heir to the Neu Zauche rulership was Jobst's son, Achim von Bredow, who in 1630 received the feudal letter over the Neu Zauche rulership. The Bredow heirs had to pledge the Neu Zauche estate to Ulrich von Wolfersdorf on account of debt. In 1651 Achim von Bredow finally sold the Neu Zauche estate to his brother-in-law Ulrich von Wolfersdorf for 42,000 thalers. On September 8, 1665, Lieutenant Colonel Ulrich von Wolfersdorf died, and on September 17, 1666, his sons Jan Ulrich and his stepbrother Ulrich Gottfried received the feudal letter for the inherited property. The reign of Neu Zauche fell to Ulrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf. But even he was unable to pay off the debts on the rulership and in 1674 the Neu Zauche rulership was foreclosed. The then sovereign Duke Christian I of Saxony-Merseburg bought it for 30,000 thalers and converted it into a sovereign office. In the early days, the office was leased, later it was administered by bailiffs. The administrative seat was Lübben. At the end of the 18th century it was administered together with the Lübben Office, but was always treated as a separate office. From around 1811 the Neu Zauche office is called the Rentamt, i. H. the office or the bailiff no longer managed the works themselves, but was only responsible for collecting pensions. The Neu Zauche office should, according to Beck et al. Dissolved in 1874. Heinrich Berghaus wrote in 1855 about the "former Neu Zauche office".

In 1708 there were six Kossäts and one Büdner living in Waldow. 1718 the village had 500 guilders estimate . In 1723 the six cottages were now called farmers. The office had also built a Vorwerk in the village. After the battle of Kunersdorf , Frederick the Great withdrew to the Fürstenwalde , Beeskow and Lübben area. Later he set up camp at Caminchen and Waldow. He had his headquarters in the mill of Waldow from August 31 to September 4, 1759. This is the first time that the watermill in the village is occupied (today at Waldower Dorfstrasse 18). In 1791 the six farmers above were again dubbed Kossaten. A Büdner and "some" cottagers also lived in the village. The tavern and the grinding and cutting mill were leased. A sheep farm and a mutton barn belonged to the Vorwerk. In 1818 the place had 28 fire places (to be understood as residential buildings) and 178 inhabitants. There was a watermill with a fireplace and nine residents. In addition to the Vorwerk, the office also ran a sheep farm. There was a forge and an inn. The inhabitants lived mainly from agriculture. Some also made wooden goods for dealers in Straupitz. In 1824, residents of Waldow hurried to Alt Zauche to put out two major fires. The fire engines that were replaced by the fire society were damaged . In 1832 the farmers' lass property was converted into hereditary property. The population rose to 192 by 1840, the number of residential buildings to 31. During the great floods in the summer of 1854, which hit many neighboring Spreewald communities very hard, Waldow was spared; Damages are not known.

In 1864 31 residential buildings were also registered, the population had risen to 235 people. This was the highest population level, because from now on the numbers continued to decline. Only after the Second World War was there an increase due to the influx of refugees, which however no longer reached the level of 1864. In 1867, the cereal ducks to be paid in kind to the Lübben office were replaced in exchange for cash payments. In 1870, the firewood pensions due to the landowners in Waldow and other villages of the Neu Zauche office in Börnichener Forst and the Sacrow-Caminchener Heide were replaced. In 1880, locusts invaded the district. However, nothing is known about damage.

In 1895 the school was rebuilt. School operations have ceased in the 1960s. The former school building is on the outskirts towards Sacrow and is now a residential building.

In May 1904 the Spreewald Railway from Straupitz to Goyatz was completed. It led east past the place; Waldow at least got a breakpoint. Mainly goods were transported on the railway line. In 1970 the traffic was stopped and later the tracks were dismantled. Until the 1960s there was a small business in Waldow that produced canned mushrooms. In Waldow today there is no longer any significant trade. The agricultural areas are cultivated by a few family businesses.

Population development from 1818 to 1964
year 1818 1846 1875 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964
Residents 178 200 229 191 184 159 134 218 205 140

Political affiliation from the 20th century

In the 20th century, Waldow was an independent rural community in what was then the Lübben district . On December 15, 1966, the communities Sacrow and Waldow merged, at that time still belonging to the district of Lübben to the community Sacrow-Waldow . In the course of the formation of offices in the state of Brandenburg in 1992, Sacrow-Waldow formed the Straupitz office together with nine other municipalities. In 1993 the Lübben district was dissolved and merged with the Königs Wusterhausen and Luckau districts to form the Dahme-Spreewald district. Effective December 20, 1994, the Straupitz office was renamed Oberspreewald office . In the municipal reform in the state of Brandenburg , the municipalities of Butzen, Laasow and Sacrow-Waldow were dissolved on October 26, 2003 and merged to form the municipality of Spreewaldheide. Since then, Sacrow and Waldow as well as Butzen and Laasow have been districts of the municipality of Spreewaldheide. The Office Oberspreewald was awarded the 2003 Office Lieberose to lieberose / oberspreewald merged.

Church affiliation

Waldow belonged to the church of Neu Zauche until 1718. In 1820, however, the place was parish after Zaue . In 1876 it was re-parried to Neu Zauche.

societies

In 1993 the Sacrow-Waldow Choral Society was founded in the former community of Sacrow-Waldow . V., which is invited to many regional events and village festivals in the Spreewald region today. The repertoire includes Spreewald songs, folk songs and songs from all over the world, but also typical Spreewald dances in traditional costumes from the Spreewald .

The Waldow Volunteer Fire Brigade is also active. In the syringe house there is still a historic fire engine and a historic fire engine trailer.

Monuments and landmarks

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Dahme-Spreewald does not list any architectural monuments in Waldow and no ground monuments in the Waldow district. Most of the houses in the village were built around 1900, but have changed a lot since then. Some have retained the typical wooden porch above the entrance.

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 2, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855, p. 603 ( online at Google Books ) (in the following abbreviated Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Johann Friedrich Danneil : The gender of the Schulenburg. Volume 2, Commissioned by JD Schmidt, Salzwedel 1847, online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to Danneil, gender of von der Schulenburg, 2, with corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921-254-96-5 (hereinafter abbreviated Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 1 with corresponding page number).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Place names Niederlausitz
  2. ↑ Main statute of the municipality of Spreewaldheide from March 3, 2009 PDF ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amt-lieberose-oberspreewald.de
  3. ↑ Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975, p. 116.
  4. ^ Danneil, family of von der Schulenburg, 2, p. 294ff., Georg I. and Joachim II.)
  5. ^ Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/16. Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (= overview of the holdings of the Brandenburg State Main Archive Potsdam, Part 1, Series of publications: Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archive , Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946
  6. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, pp. 651, 652.
  7. ^ Woldemar Lippert : Empress Maria Theresia and Electress Maria Antonia of Saxony: Correspondence 1747–1772. Teubner, Leipzig 1908 (Series: From the writings of the Saxon Commission for History, Volume 14), p. 340
  8. ^ Henry Lloyd, Georg Friedrich von Tempelhoff: History of the Seven Years' War in Germany between the King of Prussia and the Empress Queen with her allies. Volume 3: Campaign of 1759. Unger, Berlin 1787, online at Google Books , p. 270
  9. ↑ Christian August Peschek: Description of the office Neuenzauche. In: Lausizische monthly. Volume 2, Görlitz 1791, online at Google Books , pp. 334–336, especially p. 335
  10. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 216.
  11. ↑ August Schumann: Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. Volume 12: Trebitz-Wiesenbrünn. Gebr. Schumann, Zwickau 1825, online at Google Books , p. 360.
  12. ^ Official Journal of the Government of Frankfurt ad Oder. Born in 1824, p. 9, online at Google Books
  13. ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O. Year 1833, No. 2 of January 9, 1833, p. 14, online at Google Books
  14. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books , p. 173
  15. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 139.
  16. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit. 1867, online at Google Books , p. 202.
  17. ^ Royal Prussian State Gazette. No. 97 of Tuesday April 23, 1867, First Supplement, Online at Google Books , p. 1639, 1977
  18. ^ Royal Prussian State Gazette. No. 352, dated November 6, 1870, supplement, online at Google Books , p. 4462
  19. ^ Prussia's agricultural administration in the years 1878–1887: Report from the Minister for Agriculture, Domains and Forests. P. Parey, 1881, snippet from Google Books , p. 342
  20. ↑ Stenographic reports of the Prussian Landtag. Manor house, snippet from 1895 on Google Books
  21. ↑ Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 1, p. 224.
  22. ↑ a b Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3. District of Dahme-Spreewald PDF
  23. ↑ Formation of the offices of Sonnewalde and Straupitz. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of September 29, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 81, October 22, 1992, p. 1911/2.
  24. ↑ Change of the name of the Straupitz office. Announcement by the Minister of the Interior of December 6, 1994. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 5, Number 90, December 19, 1994, p. 1721.
  25. ↑ 20 years - choir "Sacrow - Waldow" eV
  26. ↑ Michael Zumpe - singer choir director pianist conductor
  27. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016 PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de