Siegadel
|
Siegadel
municipality Schwielochsee
Coordinates: 51 ° 59 ′ 47 " N , 14 ° 7 ′ 3" E
|
|
|---|---|
| Height : | 52 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 8.65 km² |
| Residents : | 90 (2014) |
| Population density : | 10 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | June 1, 1997 |
| Incorporated into: | Goyatz |
| Postal code : | 15913 |
| Area code : | 035471 |
Siegadel ( Lower Sorbian Sekadło , until 1937 German Syckadel ) is an inhabited part of the municipality in the Goyatz district of the Schwielochsee municipality in the Dahme-Spreewald district ( Brandenburg ). Siegadel was an independent parish until it merged with Goyatz-Guhlen to form the new Goyatz parish in 1997. In 2003 Goyatz merged with five other communities to form the new community Schwielochsee. Since then, Siegadel has been part of Goyatz's municipality. The administrative business of the municipality of Schwielochsee is taken care of by the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office .
Geographical location
Siegadel is located approx. 18 km northeast of Lübben (Spreewald) , approx. 22 km southwest of Beeskow and approx. 12 km west-northwest of Lieberose . The district borders in the north on the district of Guhlen (part of the municipality in the Goyatz district of the municipality of Schwielochsee), in the northeast on the district of Goyatz , in the east on the district of Waldow , in the south on the district of Sacrow (the last two places are districts the municipality Spreewaldheide ), in the southwest to the district of Klein Leine (part of the municipality of Märkische Heide ) and in the northwest to the district of Glietz (also a district of the municipality of Märkische Heide). The place can be easily reached via the B 320 . The B 320 branches off from the B 87 between Dollgen and Groß Leine , then heads east via Groß Leine, Siegadel, Goyatz, Lamsfeld-Groß Liebitz to Lieberose and on to Guben, where it ends. About one kilometer east of Siegadel, a small connecting road branches off from the B 320 north to Guhlen. About 500 m west of the town center, a connecting road branches off from the B 320 to Glietz.
The Ressener Mühlenfließ comes from the Waldow district in the southeast of the district. Over an extension of 1.5 km, it forms the border between the districts of Siegadel and Waldow. It then flows first to the northwest towards the center of Siegadel, and then to the west of the center to the north and then to the northeast. There it forms the border to the Glietz district for several hundred meters. The border with Glietz continues to the southwest along a ditch that flows in from the west to the Ressener Mühlenfließ. The highest point of the district is at the boundary to Sacrow with 70.6 m. The lowest point is the Ressener Mühlenfließ when you leave the district in the direction of Guhlen at around 44 m. More than half of the district is occupied by the forest. The southern part of the district is almost completely forested with the exception of a few smaller gaps.
history
The first written mention of the place as Sikadil dates from 1440. According to Ernst Eichler, the name allows two interpretations. He could be from an aso. Basic form * sěkadło = place where it is cut, chopped or stamped, can be interpreted as a clearing name. But it could also be connected with * sykadło = place where it splashes or water gushes out. The structure of the village is a dead end village .
Since 1518, the Wilhelmiterkloster on the Frauenberg near Lübben had a legal dispute with Caspar von Köckritz and the von Köckritz family in Friedland over the villages of Terpt and Siegadel. It is not known what claims the monks relied on. The von Köckritz family eventually remained in the possession of the two villages, probably also because the monastery dissolved in the early 1530s. In 1519 Caspar von Köckritz died. a. also owned the Lieberose estate and the village of Czuckadel . Heirs were his underage sons. Presumably the property was heavily in debt and so the guardian of the underage sons of Caspar von Köckritz, Hans von Lidlau, sold the Lieberose estate and the village of Czuckadel with the mill for 16,000 guilders to Jacob (I) and Richard (I) von der Schulenburg . The father of the two, Werner (X.) von der Schulenburg , who had lived in Pomerania and the Uckermark , had already bought the Lübbenau and Neu-Zauche lords in 1505 . In 1527, the two brothers received all goods inherited from their father as a fief, as well as the village of Zicadell (Syckadel), which they had bought. With the acquisition of the village of Syckadel, the von der Schulenburg also "inherited" a legal dispute with the prior of the Wilhelmiterkloster on the Frauenberg near Lübben , who also made claims on Syckadel. Nothing is known about the outcome of the trial, but the von der Schulenburg remained in the possession of Syckadel. Perhaps the process just "fizzled out" because the convent of the Wilhelmiterkloster had been dissolved in the early 1540s. In 1543 Johann von Wehlen was enfeoffed with the former monastery properties, and claims to Syckadel are no longer mentioned.
Jacob von der Schulenburg took over the rule Lübbenau and Neu Zauche, Richard (Reichard) von der Schulenburg received the rule Lieberose. The Lieberose rule was a fiefdom of the von Sternberg family in Bohemia. However, the village of Syckadel did not belong to the Lieberose rule. It was again separated from the rule and given Jacob to his rule Lübbenau . Jacob I probably died in 1541, because on November 25, 1541 his son Georg V received his father's property as a fief, in addition to the dominions of Lübbenau and Neu Zauche, the village of Syckadel. Georg died in 1560 without a physical heir and his property fell to his cousin Joachim II von der Schulenburg, the son of Richard I. Joachim II, also known as "the rich", was considered one of the richest men in Germany. Joachim II died in 1594; he was followed by his son Richard III, who in 1595 received the feudal letter for the goods inherited from his father, including the village of Syckadel. After Richard's sudden death in 1600, his son Joachim (VII) inherited the property. In 1601 he received the loan letter over his father's goods, including the village of Zickadell again . In 1619 Joachim von der Schulenburg died. First of all, his widow took over the goods that the lords of Lübbenau and Neu Zauche had to sell on account of debt. However, they kept the village of Syckadel. In 1643 she ceded the remaining property to her son Heinrich Joachim von der Schulenburg . In 1646 he received the loan letter for these goods, including the Syckadel estate. He also applied for the conversion of the man fief Syckadel (and also the Lamsfeld estates) into allod and hereditary property. This was also granted to him by the Saxon Duke Johann Georg I. The lending could now be made to the male and female gender. The duke, however, reserved the regalia and justice due to the liege lord, i. H. the owners continued to perform knightly services. The feudal letter about the so-called Lamsfeld estates ( Lamsfeld , Jessern , Jamlitz and Staakow ) and the village Syckadel for Heinrich Joachim is dated December 17, 1649. In 1665 Heinrich Joachim von der Schulenburg determined the dominion of Lieberose and the allod goods Lamsfeld, Syckadel, Trebitz and the so-called Zickoschen goods ( Niewisch , Pieskow and Speichrow ) as majorate . Syckadel is listed under the Lamsfeld goods. The second wife of Henry Joachim, Eleonore Magdalene Countess zu Solms was given dominion Lieberose that Lamsfeldischen goods Syckadel (which is listed among the Lamsfeldschen goods), Trebitz and the so-called. Zickoschen goods (Niwisch, Pieskow and Speichrow) for Leibgeding while she did not remarry. Heinrich Joachim von der Schulenburg died on October 2, 1665 without a physical heir. He was succeeded by his cousin Achaz (II.) Von der Schulenburg, who on October 8, 1666, made his hereditary homage because of the property located in Niederlausitz. Achaz was also wealthy in the Altmark (including Beetzendorf ) and Kurbrandenburg secret council and hereditary chef as well as governor of the Altmark. He was raised to the baron status in 1667. Achaz died in Beetzendorf on June 25, 1689. On January 31, 1681, his son Levin Joachim paid homage to the estates inherited in Niederlausitz, including Syckadel. Due to fiefdoms, he had to apply to the Sternberg'schen Lehnskurie in Prague again for the fief and received the goods back in 1688 "ex nova gratia". Levin Joachim died on February 17, 1697 in Lieberose. Heir was his brother Hans Georg von der Schulenburg, a lieutenant general in the Danish service . In 1708 eight farmers, five kossaths and three Büdner lived in Siegadel. After Hans Georg's death in 1715, his only son Georg Anton inherited his father's property. In 1718, on the other hand, only five farmers, four cottagers and three cottagers are said to have lived in the village. The district had 16 hooves and the comparatively high estimate of 1,300 guilders. In 1723 16 subjects are mentioned. Georg Anton von der Schulenburg was raised to the rank of imperial count in 1734 and was chief hunter of Brandenburg and state minister.
During the Seven Years' War the area between Lübben and Lieberose was war zone several times. In the 1759 campaign after the lost battle of Kunersdorf , the Prussian troops camped at Waldow and Caminchen. In the following year, the region suffered again from marching through troops. On October 16, 1760, the Prussian troops camped in Syckadel.
Georg Anton von der Schulenburg had no children and so he designated the children of his sister, who was married to Count Podewils, to be his allodial heirs in his will. But after his death in 1778, the dispute began with the cousins of Georg Anton, August Friedrich Gottlob and Karl Heinrich Achaz von der Schulenburg, who felt they had been left out. After the death of Georg Anton became known, the von der Schulenburgs, in anticipation of things, sent an agent to Syckadel and committed the subjects to the von der Schulenburgs, also in Lamsfeld. In Lieberose, on the other hand, the homage to Count Podewils had taken place. The next day the Lieberos court judge moved into Sickadel with the lawyer, the Lieberos administrator and postmaster as well as a number of Lieberos citizens who were armed with rifles and occupied the village. The access routes were guarded so that no one could get into or out of the village. The residents were forced into the local tavern and asked to swear the oath of subjects to Count Podewils. The Syckadelers refused because they had already sworn the oath of subjects on the von der Schulenburgs. Several people were apparently subsequently arrested, including the innkeeper and the heath runners ( sub forester ). The von der Schulenburgs then sued the Saxon elector for the release of the arrested people and the punishment of the perpetrators. This was the beginning of a lengthy process. At Syckadel, the main question was whether the place was an accessory to the Lamsfeld estates or belonged to the Lieberose rulership. Now a third member of the Schulenburg family joined in, the Danish Lieutenant General Johann Heinrich von der Schulenburg. He submitted that he was the oldest of the Schulenburgs entitled to inherit. And to make matters even more complicated, Count Franz Philipp Christian Reichsgraf von Sternberg also complained to the Saxon Elector Friedrich August I that he, as the dominus directus of Georg Anton, was responsible for the succession in the first instance, and not the government of the Oberamts Luebben.
In 1778, the Faculty of Law in Wittenberg actually recognized the legal claims of Johann Heinrich von der Schulenburg as the oldest of the Schulenburgs. An appeals court upheld this judgment in 1785 and another judgment from 1787 finally sealed the property of Johann Heinrich. As a result, the von der Schulenburg family remained in the possession of the Lieberose rulership and, less understandably, in possession of the Lamsfeld estates, the Zickos estates and Syckadel. On the other hand, other allodial goods went to the Podewils heirs, such as B. Reicherskreuz and Leeskow . Johann Heinrich, whose marriage remained childless, was followed in 1791 by his nephew Dietrich Ernst Otto Albrecht. He struggled with financial problems and therefore sold the Lieberose estate, the Lamsfeld estates, the Zickos estates and Syckadel in 1806 to his younger brother Friedrich Ferdinand Bernhard Achaz, who was elevated to the hereditary Prussian count status in 1816.
In 1809 there were ten whole farmers (full farmers), three whole cottagers, three half cottagers and eight cottagers or Büdner living in the village. In 1818 Siegadel had 27 campfire sites (residential buildings) and 144 residents. In 1824 the civil jurisdiction was initially abolished and jurisdiction in the rule was transferred to the Lieberose court office. In 1834, however, the Count applied for the transfer of civil jurisdiction back and received it back in 1836, despite resistance from the Ministry of Justice. In 1827, the services, pre-stations and servitutes of the villages of Sykadel , Niewisch , Möllen , Schadow and Jamlitz were replaced.
In 1840 198 people lived in 28 houses. Friedrich Ferdinand von der Schulenburg died in 1847. Heir was his son Friedrich Albrecht (1801–1869). In 1849 civil jurisdiction was transferred to the Lieberose district court. After the landlord's rights were replaced, the sovereignty of the class rule over Syckadel only existed formally.
In 1854 there was a country school and a “massive water mill and a post mill”. Neither the watermill nor the post mill are listed in the Urmes table sheet 4050 (Straupitz) from 1846. In 1864 it says: village with a water mill and a windmill near the village . The watermill was at the southern entrance to Syckadel (today the Siegadel 4 building complex). The windmill has not yet been reliably located. In 1864 there were 30 residential buildings in the village in which 226 people lived. In 1864 the construction of the Chaussee from Lamsfeld via Goyatz, Siegadel and Groß Leine (today's B 320 ) with connection to the Frankfurt / Leipziger-Aktienchaussee (today's B 87 ) began. In 1869 the Ressen mill flow was regulated below Siegadel. In the same year Friedrich Albrecht von der Schulenburg also died. His son Dietrich Friedrich Joachim Graf von der Schulenburg followed in the possession of Syckadel.
In May 1904 the "Lübben-Cottbuser-Kreisbahn" Spreewaldbahn from Straupitz to Goyatz was completed. It led east past the place; Siegadel at least received a breakpoint. Mainly goods were transported on the railway line. Dietrich von der Schulenburg died in 1911. His younger brother Otto (1857–1945) became heir. As a result of the law on the abolition of the class privileges of the nobility and the dissolution of household property, the Fideikommiss Free Class Authority Lieberose was dissolved in 1929 and converted into a forest foundation. This form was permitted by law to hold large forest holdings in one hand. In 1937, Syckadel was renamed "Siegadel" in the course of the National Socialist Germanization of Sorbian place names. Unlike most places in Lusatia, it did not get its original name back after the war. In 1945 the Schulenburgs were expelled and expropriated in 1946.
| Population development from 1818 to 1964 | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | 1818 | 1846 | 1875 | 1890 | 1910 | 1925 | 1939 | 1946 | 1950 | 1964 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 1996 |
| Residents | 144 | 215 | 199 | 182 | 169 | 165 | 133 | 203 | 191 | 123 | 111 | 103 | 99 | 94 |
After the Second World War , four new farmer jobs were created in Siegadel. In 1959 the Agricultural Production Cooperative Type I "Peace" was founded in Siegadel . In 1970 the traffic on the Spreewaldbahn was stopped and later the tracks were dismantled.
Political Affiliation
While it was part of Saxony, Sickadel belonged to the Krummspreeischen Kreis , which was later called the Lübben district. The place remained in the district reforms of 1950 and 1952 in the district of Lübben. In 1990 the Lübben district was renamed the Lübben district. As part of the administrative reforms in the state of Brandenburg in 1992, Siegadel merged with 13 other small communities and the city of Lieberose to form the Lieberose Office . In 1997, Siegadel merged with Goyatz-Guhlen to form the new Goyatz community. On October 26, 2003, Goyatz and Siegadel were incorporated into the Schwielochsee community by law. Since then, Goyatz has been part of the Schwielochsee community, Siegadel an inhabited part of the Goyatz district. The administrative business of the municipality of Schwielochsee is handled by the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office.
Tourism and commerce
In addition to farms, there is a large forestry company and two roofing companies in the village. The place is increasingly shaped by tourism; Tourists can stay in a larger pension with holiday apartments.
Clubs and celebrations
The Siegadel volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1934 and celebrated its 70th anniversary in 2004. At the same time, there is the support association of the Siegadel eV volunteer fire brigade, which looks after tradition and youth work. There is also the Siegadel hunting association. The village festival takes place annually.
Monuments and sights
The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Dahme-Spreewald (as of December 31, 2013) does not list any architectural and / or ground monuments for Siegadel.
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 2, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855, p. 603 (in the following abbreviated Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
- Johann Friedrich Danneil : The sex of von der Schulenburg, Volume 2. Commissioned by JD Schmidt, Salzwedel 1847, online at Google Books (in the following abbreviated to Danneil, sex of von der Schulenburg, 2, with corresponding page number)
- Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0
- Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (in the following abbreviated Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 1, with corresponding page number).
Web links
- The community Schwielochsee on the website of the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office
- Siegadel in the RBB program Landschleicher on September 5, 2010
- Siegadel website
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry "Sekadło" in the Lower Sorbian place name database on dolnoserbski.de
- ↑ Main statutes of the community of Schwielochsee from December 14, 2009 PDF ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975, p. 116.
- ^ Heinz-Dieter Heimann , Klaus Neitmann , Winfried Schich (eds.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, pens and commander by the mid-16th century. Volume 2, be.bra Wissenschaft Verlag, Berlin 2007, pp. 843–849 (Wilhelmiterkloster Lübben).
- ↑ a b Danneil, family of von der Schulenburg, 2, p. 294ff., Georg I and Joachim VII.
- ↑ Karl Heinrich Siegfried Rödenbeck : Diary or history calendar from Friedrich's regent life 1740–1786. Volume 2, Verlag der Plahn'schen Buchhandlung, Berlin 1841 Online at Google Books , p. 35
- ^ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 218.
- ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O., Oeffentlicher Anzeiger as a supplement to No. 32 of the Official Gazette, August 8, 1827, p. 234 online at Google Books
- ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books , p. 175
- ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 667 Online at Google Books .
- ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit. 1867, online at Google Books , p. 203.
- ↑ Royal Prussian State Gazette. Born in 1864, No. 194 of August 19, 1864 Online at Google Books , p. 2277
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Schleswig. Born in 1869, item 31 of August 30, 1869, online at Google Books , p. 231
- ↑ Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 1, p. 228.
- ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF
- ^ Friedrich Redlich : Social development and names of the agricultural production cooperatives with special consideration of Niederlausitz. In: The name in language and society , German-Slavic research on onomastics and settlement history, Volume 27, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1973, pp. 203-219, especially p. 206
- ↑ More participants than residents at the fire brigade's anniversary party. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . August 30, 2004
- ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016 PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
