Speicherrow

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Speicherrow
municipality Schwielochsee
Coordinates: 52 ° 2 ′ 4 ″  N , 14 ° 13 ′ 10 ″  E
Height : 49 m above sea level NN
Residents : 130  (2006)
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15913
Area code : 033676

Speicherrow ( Lower Sorbian Spěcharjow ) is a district of the municipality of Schwielochsee in the Dahme-Spreewald district ( Brandenburg ). Speicherrow was an independent municipality until it merged with five other municipalities to form the new municipality of Schwielochsee in 2003. In the early modern period it belonged, together with Niewisch and Pieskow, to the three so-called “water villages” (or “Zickosche goods”).

Speicherrow on the original table sheet 3951 Trebatsch from 1846

Geographical location

Speicherrow is located around 8.5 km southwest of Friedland , just under 6 km west of Lieberose and around 25 km northeast of Lübben . The district includes the 1106 hectare Schwielochsee . It borders in the north on Leißnitz , in the east on Niewisch and Pieskow (all three named places are districts of the city Friedland), in the east and southeast on Doberburg (district of the city Lieberose), in the south on Jessern , southwest on Goyatz and in the west Ressen-Zaue (part of the community Schwielochsee) and Trebatsch (community Tauche ). The place is via the L 441, which branches off the B 168 at the Wuggelmühle , in the direction of Möllen, Niewisch, Pieskow and Speichrow and continues past Jessern to Goyatz and ends there at the B 320 .

The place is located directly on the east bank of the Schwielochsee. In the southern part of the district, the Lieberoser Mühlenfließ (or Dobberbuser Mühlenfließ) forms the western border of the district over a larger area. Some ditches in the valley of the river lead to the river. In the local area a ditch leads to the Schwielochsee. The highest point in the district is 71.6 m above sea level, the lowest point is the lake level of the Schwielochsee at 40.8 m. Striking elevations in the southern part of the district are the Speichrower Berg with 65.2 m and the Luttchenberg with 53.2 m.

history

Speicherrow was first mentioned in a document in 1406 as Spicherow . Ernst Eichler derives the name from a basic German form of Speicher, Spicher, which became the result of alignment with neighboring places (e.g. Pieskow, Waldow and Sacrow). According to Rudolf Lehmann , it should originally have been a dead end village .

The village was probably owned by the Neuzelle monastery before 1388 . According to the document book of the Neuzelle monastery, King Wenzel confirmed to the monastery on April 29, 1406 the handover of the town of Fürstenberg an der Oder with the villages of Krebsjauche (today Wiesenau ), Ziltendorf , Diehlo and Speichrow, as evidenced by Jobst of Moravia . In a list of the Neuzelle monastery from the years 1416/26, Speichrow is named as the property of the monastery. At that time the village had 30 hooves , of which the Schulze had two free hooves and a feudal man also had two free hooves; there remained 26 interest-bearing hooves.

In 1429 the Neuzelle monastery was destroyed by the Hussites . Abbot Nicolaus II of Bomsdorf (1432–1469) rebuilt the monastery. To do this, however, he had to sell some monastery villages, mostly for repurchase or as a deposit. This probably included Speichrow and Pieskow. At the end of the 15th century, both villages were owned by Kunz von Löben, who had his seat in Trebitz. In 1495 the monastery bought back the three villages from the widow of Kunz von Löben, Elisabeth von Birckholtz, for 1,800 Rhenish guilders. This was testified by Nickel von Czetwitcz (Zedtwitz) as her guardian and the brothers Caspar and Heinrich Birckholtz. The widow also received a personal property of 900 guilders. Trebitz now took a different path in the history of property and had come into the possession of Christoph von Zabeltitz by 1545 at the latest. The village of Niewisch, on the other hand, was loaned to von Zabeltitz at that time. However, it must have come to the Neuzelle monastery soon afterwards or it must have been redeemed again. Maybe the two places were swapped.

Finally Siegmund von Zieckau bought the three villages of Niewisch, Pieskow and Speichrow in 1577. Siegmund von Zieckau had his knight seat in Neudöbern , which he sold in 1578. He built a new knightly seat in Niewisch. Siegmund d. J. was one of the four sons of Siegmund (the elder) von Zieckau (died 1542) on Neudöbern. Hans had to sell his share in Neudöbern to his brother Siegmund. We won't hear from him later. Balthasar died early. The fourth of the brothers Christoph von Zieckau, a citizen of Calau, bought the village Schmogro (today Großräschen Ost, district Oberspreewald-Lausitz ) in 1579 . The three villages were also called the Zicko estates after the von Zieckau family, or the three villages were also called the “water villages” after their location on the Schwielochsee. After its location on the Schwielochsee, Möllen was occasionally counted among the "water villages", although it had a completely different ownership history.

In 1597 Richard III bought from Schulenburg to Lieberose the three villages for 11,200 thalers from Siegmund von Zieckau. Until the end of the feudal period, they remained associated with the Lieberose class. But they were not part of this rule, which was a fief of the von Sternberg family, who lived in Bohemia . In addition to the actual rule, they belonged to the majorate that Heinrich Joachim von der Schulenburg had donated in 1665. In 1672 the three villages together had an estimate of 3000 thalers.

Formally, the villages are likely to have belonged to the von der Schulenburgs' small rule until after 1900. However, this affiliation had become meaningless, since the manor had no real estate in the three villages (any more). The municipal jurisdiction was finally transferred to the district court of Lübben in 1849.

In 1570, the pastor George Praetorius from Lübben bought the village jug, which was in a desolate state at the time, after he had previously fallen out with the local lord of Niewisch over questions of faith and had lost his pastorate. In 1597 Richard (III.) Vd Schulenburg, the owner of the Lieberose estate, took over the Ziecko estates of Niewisch, Pieskow and Speichrow, and George Praetorius was able to resume his pastorate. His son Hans George Praetorius took over the village mug with which the brewing rights were connected. The brewery property, which also included real estate and fishing rights, remained the property of the Praetorius family, who changed their name to Richter and then to Schulz through marriage. In the 19th century the brewery was greatly expanded and the beer brewed there was sold across the Spree to Cottbus. In 1907 the last owner Emil Oskar Schulz sold the brewery to Paul Schulze, who sold the brewery in 1927 to the Schultheiss-Patzenhofer Brauerei AG , which demolished the building and shut down the same year.

In 1708 there were seven farmers, ten farmers and one Büdner living in Speichrow. In 1718, on the other hand, only six farmers, six cottagers and one housekeeper are mentioned. The field marrow was divided into 30 hooves. Speicherrow had a comparatively high estimate of 1,000 guilders. 1723 report documents from 18 (male) subjects. In 1809, a Ganzbauer (Vollbauer), 15 Ganzkossät and three Häusler or Büdner lived in Speichrow. During the Seven Years War there was a death of cattle. In 1818 152 people lived at 23 fireplaces. In 1823 the population was divided into 16 half-farmers, a kossaeteer and a gardener. In 1827 there was a "great conflagration" in the village. In 1840 there were 22 houses in Speichrow, in which 167 people lived. In 1854 the place already had a country school . In 1857 the Braukrug in Speichrow is mentioned in the official gazette as a "brewery good". In 1870 the brewery owner Schulze is mentioned in the official gazette. Riehl reports for 1861 that "for several years ... a large part of the meadows (lies) under water". Apparently the lake level of the Schwielochsee had risen permanently. For 1864 the topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. 23 residential houses, in 1867 the place had 24 residential buildings and 200 inhabitants.

Population development from 1818 to 2002
year 1818 1846 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2002
Residents 153 170 210 197 174 145 137 200 164 131 128 108 115 135

Political history

The three “water villages” belonged to the Guben district as an exclave until 1816 , then only came to the district of Lübben in the district reform of 1816/17 . They came to the Beeskow district during the district reform of 1952 in what was then the GDR . After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Beeskow district was renamed the Beeskow district . In the course of the formation of offices in the state of Brandenburg, Speichrow merged with 13 other communities and the city of Lieberose to form the Lieberose office . In the district reform in the state of Brandenburg in 1993, the districts of Beeskow , Fürstenwalde , the independent city of Eisenhüttenstadt and the district of Eisenhüttenstadt were merged to form the Oder-Spree district. The southern part of the Beeskow district, on the other hand, was separated and turned into the Dahme-Spreewald district, including Speichrow. In the municipality reform in Brandenburg , Speichrow lost its independence when it was united by law on October 26, 2003 with the municipalities of Goyatz , Lamsfeld-Groß Liebitz , Jessern , Mochow and Ressen-Zaue of the Lieberose office to form the new municipality of Schwielochsee. The Lieberose office was also dissolved on October 26, 2003 and merged with the Oberspreewald office to form the new Lieberose / Oberspreewald office . Speicherrow has been part of the Schwielochsee community since 2003, administered by the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office.

The local advisory board consists of three members. Currently (end of 2014) Mr. Klaus-Rainer Donner is the mayor.

Church affiliation

In the late Middle Ages and early modern times, Speichrow belonged to the parish of Niewisch to which, in addition to Speichrow, Karras , Möllen , Pieskow and Schadow also belonged.

Tourism and leisure

Speicherrow is increasingly developing into a tourist and holiday resort, also and especially for weekend vacationers. There are many weekend houses to the west of the town center to the banks of the Schwielochsee. The Schwielochsee offers the possibility of fishing, rowing, surfing and water skiing, the water is approved for sailing and motor boats. To the east of the confluence of the Lieberoser Mühlenfließ is the lido of Speichrow. There is a campsite as well as a motor yacht and water ski club. In the Speichrower forest there are approx. 10 km of well-developed and signposted hiking trails.

Clubs and celebrations

The Spielgemeinschaft Speichrow offers u. a. Table tennis. The youth club was founded in 1974. He is involved in the village beautification and cleaning and repair work. The Zampern is still maintained in Speichrow. A gymnastics group has existed in the village since 1999.

natural reserve

Since the Schwielochsee and some of its bank areas belong to the Speichrow district, two nature reserves extend to the district, the Uferwiesen nature reserve near Niewisch and the Dammühlenfließniederung nature reserve .

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Dahme-Spreewald lists one architectural monument and numerous ground monuments.

monument

The only architectural monument in the village is that

  • No. 09140279 Dorfbackofen, Hauptstrasse 21

Soil monuments

The numerous soil monuments and archaeological finds show that the district was inhabited since the Bronze Age. Stone Age hunters also stayed in the area.

  • No. 90768 Niewisch, Flur 5 / Speichrow, Flur 5: a resting and working place of the Paleolithic , a burial ground of the Bronze Age , a settlement of the Bronze Age, a resting place and work place of the Mesolithic
  • No. 90769 Niewisch, Corridors 1 and 4, Speichrow, Corridor 5: a Neolithic settlement, a Bronze Age settlement , an Iron Age settlement , a resting and working place from the Mesolithic Age , a settlement from the Slavic Middle Ages
  • No. 90758 Pieskow / Flur 1, Speichrow / Flur 4: a settlement from the Bronze Age, a settlement from the Iron Age
  • No. 90759 Pieskow / Flur 1, Speichrow / Flur 4: a settlement from the Bronze Age, a settlement from the Iron Age, a resting and working area from the Paleolithic
  • No. 12002 Hall 2: a settlement from the Roman Empire
  • No. 12004 Hallway 1: a settlement from prehistory
  • No. 12005 Corridor 3: a resting and working place of the Mesolithic, a settlement of the Iron Age, a settlement of the Bronze Age
  • No. 12006 Corridor 1: village center of the German Middle Ages, village center of modern times
  • No. 12008 Hallway 2: an Iron Age burial ground, a Bronze Age burial ground

Personalities

literature

  • Friedrich Beck , Lieselott Enders , Heinz Braun (with the assistance of Margot Beck, Barbara Merker): Authorities and institutions in the territories of Kurmark, Neumark, Niederlausitz until 1808/16. Böhlau, Weimar 1964 (= overview of the holdings of the Brandenburg State Main Archives Potsdam, Part 1; = Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives, Volume 4), ISSN  0435-5946
  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 3, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1856 ( online at Google Books ) (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with the corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 , p. 322ff.
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (in the following abbreviated Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1 with corresponding page number).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Main statutes of the community of Schwielochsee from December 14, 2009, PDF ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amt-lieberose-oberspreewald.de
  2. ↑ www.familienarchiv-ebel.de
  3. ↑ a b c d Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books , p. 638
  4. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820.
  5. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books
  6. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 667 .
  7. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. Born 1857, online at Google Books , p. 275
  8. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder. Born in 1870, No. 3, January 19, 1870, online at Google Books , p. 19
  9. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit. 1867, online at Google Books .
  10. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. II. Province of Brandenburg. Publishing house of the Royal Statistical Bureau, Berlin 1873, online at Google Books , p. 196
  11. ↑ Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 1, p. 224.
  12. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, Historical Community Directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald, PDF
  13. ^ Zampern in Speichrow. ( Memento of the original from December 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . January 29, 2008 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lr-online.de
  14. ↑ Märkische online newspaper
  15. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016, PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de
  16. ↑ Florian Sărăteanu-Müller: The late imperial settlement of Speichrow, Kr. Beeskow. In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany. Volume 32, Berlin 1989, pp. 175-181.